| Nicknames: | "Duke Hermann", "Margrave of Saxony" |
| Birthdate: | |
| Birthplace: | Herzogtum Sachsen, Ostenfrankenreich (Present Germany) |
| Death: | Died in Quedlinburg, (Present Landkreis Harz), Herzogtum Sachsen, Heiliges Römisches Reich (Present Germany) |
| Occupation: | Duque e Margrave da Saxonia, I Duque de Sajonia", Conde de Sajonia, Marqués de Sajonia, Greve av Sachsen, Margrave of Saxony, Herzog von Sachsen, Marquis von Sachsen, Duke of Saxony, Duke, Hertig |
| Managed by: | Jakob pultz christensen |
| Last Updated: | |
From the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy page on Saxony (covering his birth family):
http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SAXONY.htm#_Toc155952301
[BILLUNG] .
The Chronica Principum Saxoniæ names "vir…nomine Bilingus" as father of "Hermannum"[196], although the accuracy of this statement is not known. The name of the father of the brothers Amelung, Wichmann [I] and Hermann Billung has not so far been found in any other source. The possibility that some or all of them were uterine brothers cannot be excluded.
m ---. The name of [Billung]'s wife is not known.
[Billung] & his wife had [six] children:
1. AMELUNG (-5 May 962). Bishop of Verden 933. The Annalista Saxo records the death in 962 of "Amalungus Fardensis episcopus…frater Herimanni ducis"[197]. Thietmar also records that Amelung Bishop of Verden, "the duke's [Hermann Billung] brother", died on 5 May "at a good old age"[198].
2. WICHMANN [II] (-23 Apr 944). Widukind names "Wichmanni fratris sui [=Herimannum]", when recording his rebellion against King Otto[199].
3. HERMANN [Billung] ([905/10]-Quedlinburg 27 Mar 973, bur Lüneburg St Michael).
m firstly ODA, daughter of --- (-15 Mar ----).
m secondly HILDESUIT, daughter of ---.
Duke Hermann & his [first/second] wife had five children.
4. [BRUNO ([905/15]-after 16 Nov 958, maybe after 30 Dec 979).
5. [son .
6. [---. m ---.]
References:
[196] Chronica Principum Saxoniæ Amplicata, Genealogia Ducum Saxonie, MGH SS XXX.1, p. 28.
[197] Annalista Saxo 962.
[198] Thietmar 2.32, p. 115.
[199] Widukindi Res Gestæ Saxonicæ II.4, MGH SS III, p. 439.
[230] D O I 56, p. 138.
[231] D O I 306, p. 421.
[232] D O II 209, p. 237. .
[236] Widukind I.III, c. 69, cited in Vita Meinwerci Episcopi Paderbornensis 5, MGH SS XI, p. 108, footnote 11.
[237] Vanderkindere, A. (1902) La formation territoriale des principautés belges au moyen-âge (Brussels), Tome I, p. 75, quoting Van Spaen Introduction à l'histoire de la Gueldre, I, p. 67, no. 20.
-------------------------
From the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy page on Saxony (covering his married family):
http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SAXONY.htm#BernhardIdied1011A
HERMANN [Billung] ([905/10]-Quedlinburg 27 Mar 973, bur Lüneburg St Michael).
m firstly ODA, daughter of --- (-15 Mar ----). The primary source which confirms the name of Hermann's first wife has not so far been identified.
m secondly HILDESUIT, daughter of ---. The primary source which confirms the name of Hermann's second wife has not so far been identified. "Otto…imperator augustus" confirmed the donation of property "aliquando Bilingo nostro comiti…in Neletici…quitquid coniunx sua hereditarii iuris habere" to Magdaburg St Moritz by charter dated 28 Jul 966[212].
Duke Hermann & his [first/second] wife had five children:
a) BERNHARD (-Corvey 9 Feb 1011, bur Lüneburg St Michael).
b) LIUTGER (-26 Feb 1011, bur Lüneburg St Michael).
c) MECHTILD of Saxony ([942]-Gent 25 May 1008, bur Gent St Peter).
d) SCHWANEHILDE [Suanhild] ([945/50]-26 Nov 1014, bur Kloster Jena, transferred 1028 to Naumburg Georgskirche).
e) IMMA . The primary source which confirms her parentage has not so far been identified.
References:
[200] Cronica Principum Saxonie, MGH SS XXV, p. 472.
[201] Reuter (1991), p. 152.
[202] D O I 152, p. 231.
[203] D O I 165, p. 246.
[204] D O I 183, p. 266.
[205] D O I 198, p. 278.
[206] D O I 198, p. 278.
[207] D O I 223, p. 307.
[208] D O I 303, p. 418.
[209] Annales Necrologici Fuldenses, MGH SS XIII, p. 123.
[210] Thietmar 2.31, p. 115, footnote 121 commenting that the date is mistaken for 27 Mar.
[211] Althoff, G. (ed.) (1983) Die Totenbücher von Merseburg, Magdeburg und Lüneburg (Hannover), Lüneburg.
[212] D O I 329, p. 443.
[213] Annalista Saxo 1002.
[214] Annalista Saxo 1002.
[215] D O III 401, p. 834.
[216] Vita Meinwerci Episcopi Paderbornensis 14, MGH SS XI, p. 114.
[217] Althoff, G. (ed.) (1983) Die Totenbücher von Merseburg, Magdeburg und Lüneburg (Hannover), Lüneburg.
[218] Vita Meinwerci Episcopi Paderbornensis 14, MGH SS XI, p. 114.
[219] Adami, Gesta Hammenburgensis Ecclesiæ Pontificum II.44 and II.76, MGH SS VII, pp. 321 and 333.
[220] Annalista Saxo 1002.
[221] Genealogiæ Comitum Flandriæ, Witgeri Genealogica Arnulfi Comitis MGH SS IX, p. 304.
[222] MGH SS IX, p. 302, Introduction to Witgeri Genealogia Arnulfi Comitis.
[223] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1005, MGH SS XXIII, p. 778.
[224] D H II 492, p. 626.
[225] Annales Blandinienses 1008, MGH SS V, p. 25.
[226] Althoff, G. (ed.) (1983) Die Totenbücher von Merseburg, Magdeburg und Lüneburg (Hannover), Lüneburg.
[227] Annalista Saxo 1002.
[228] Thietmar 4.39, p. 179.
[229] Thietmar 7.7, p. 312.
---------------------------------
From the Wikipedia entry on Hermann Billung:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herman_Billung
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_Billung
Hermann Billung (900 or 912 – 27 March 973) was a Margrave of Saxony and one of the most well-known members of the House of Billung.
Hermann was the son of Billung von Stubenskorn (c. 860-967) and Ermengarde of Nantes (b. 900). Hermann is generally counted as the first Billung Duke of Saxony, but his exact position is unclear. King Otto I appointed Hermann margrave in 936, granting him a march north of the Elbe between the Limes Saxoniae and Peene Rivers. Having more autonomy than his contemporary margrave Gero, Hermann exacted tribute from the Polabian Slavs inhabiting the March of the Billungs. He often fought against the West Slavic tribes of the Redarians, Abotrites, and Wagrians.
By 953 Otto I, who was also Duke of Saxony, began entrusting more and more of his authority in Saxony to Hermann during his absences. However, Hermann was never named as duke in royal documents. Instead, he is named as a military leader, count, and margrave. His son Bernard inherited and strengthened his father's position and managed to be recognized as duke.
(The German Wikipedia entry differs in defining the absences: in 953 was the Liudolfinischer Uprising, and in 961 was Otto's Second Expedition to Italy, saying that during both times Herman was appointed by King Otto as Procurator Regis, a position that gave him the full backing of the Saxon Court. Herman was also appointed Count in Wetigau, Tilithigau, Marsterngau, and Bardengau.)
Hermann had property around Lüneburg and founded the monastery of St. Michael in that city. He died in Quedlinburg.
[In the German Wikipedia entry, a more detailed history is given:
Fall 936, with the defeat of the insurgent Redarier, he is named Princeps Militiae and charged to limit any expansion by East Francia to the northeast along the Elbe River, and he was named Mark der Billunger.
953 - when Otto moved against his rebellious son Liudolf, he appointed Hermann as Procurator Register in Saxony, giving Hermann de facto powers as Duke, but not describing him as such (he was called Marchio and Comes). During this time, Hermann succeeded in driving out his nephew Wichmann II and Egbert the One-Eyed (both of whom sided with the rebels) from Saxony.
August 961 - Otto began his second expedition into Italy and finally made peace on 2 February 962 with Pope John XII in Rome, obtaining the title of Kaiser. During his absence, Hermann was appointed his deputy again in Saxony.
972 - Archbishop Adalbert of Magdeburg received Hermann like a king, sitting him at the King's place at his table and allowing him to take over his bed chambers. Otto I was angered by such presumption, and was removed from his deputy position.
Hermann was buried in the Klosters St. Michaelis in Luneburg, even though according to Dietmar of Merseburg he had been excommunicated by Bishop Bruno of Verden (and refused burial).]
[edit] Descendants
Hermann Billung was probably married twice, first to a woman named Oda (who died on 15 March in an unknown year, probably after 973), and second to Hildegarde (Hildesuith) of Westerbourg.
He had five children:
1. Bernhard I (c. 950 to 1011), Duke of Saxony (buried in the Church of the Monastery of St. Michael in Luneburg)
2. Liutger (died 26 February 1011) Count in Westfalengau (and Lesum), attested in 991, buried in St. Michaels in Lüneburg (Church of the Monastery of St. Michael), married Emma (of Lessum, 975/980 to 3 December 1038) who is buried in the Bremen Cathedral, daughter of Immed IV (Immedinger), sister of Bishop Meinwerk of Paderborn.
3. Mathilde (born between 935 and 945, died 25 May 1008 in Ghent St. Peter), married 1st in 961 to Balduin III, Count of Flanders (died 1 January 962), married second Gottfried der Gefangene (died on 3/4 April after 995) in 963/982, Count of Verdun (Wigeriche), buried in St. Peter's in Ghent
4. Suanhilde (born between 945 and 955, died 28 November 1014, buried in the monastery of Burg Kapellenburg south of Kleinjena (Jena), reburied after 1028 in the Georgskirche of Naumburg in Saale, married 1st in 970 Thietmar I (c. 920 to 3 August after 979) Margrave of Meissen, married (2) before 1000 Ekkehard I (murdered 30 April 1002 in Pöhlde); in 992 (or 987 according to the German Wikipedia) Margrave of Meissen, buried in the monastery of Burg Kapellenburg south of Kleinjena (Jena), reburied after 1028 in the Georgskirche of Naumburg in Saale.
5. Imma, in 995 Abbess of Herford
--------------------
From the German Wikipedia page on Hermann Billung Source / Forrás:
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_Billung
Ehen und Nachkommen
Hermann Billung war vermutlich zweimal verheiratet; seine erste Frau war vermutlich Oda († 15. März wohl nach 973), seine zweite hieß Hildesuith (Hildegard). Hermann hatte vermutlich fünf Kinder:
-1. Bernhard I. (* um 950; † 1011), Herzog von Sachsen, bestattet in der Kirche des Klosters St. Michaelis in Lüneburg
-2. Liutger (Liudger) († 26. Februar 1011) Graf von Lesum und im Westfalengau, 991 bezeugt, bestattet in der Kirche des Klosters St. Michaelis in Lüneburg
∞ Emma von Lesum (* 975/980; † 3. Dezember 1038), Tochter von Immed IV. aus dem Adelsgeschlecht der Immedinger, Schwester Bischofs Meinwerk von Paderborn, bestattet im Bremer Dom
-3. Mathilde I. (* 935/945; † 25. Mai 1008) bestattet in der Abtei St. Peter in Gent
∞ 961 Balduin III. Graf von Flandern († 1. Januar 962),
∞ um 963 Gottfried der Gefangene († 3./4. April nach 995) 963/982 Graf von Verdun (Wigeriche), bestattet in der Abtei St. Peter in Gent
-4. Suanhilde (Schwanhild) (* 945/955; † 28. November 1014), bestattet im Kloster der Burg Kapellenberg südlich von Kleinjena bei Naumburg, vor 1028 umgebettet in die Kirche des Klosters St. Georg in Naumburg
∞ Thietmar I. (* um 920; † 3. August nach 979), 965-979 Markgraf der Nordmark,976-979 Markgraf von Meißen und Merseburg
∞ vor 1000 Ekkehard I. (ermordet 30. April 1002 bei Pöhlde im Harz), um 987 Markgraf von Meißen, bestattet im Kloster der Burg Kapellenberg südlich von Kleinjena bei Naumburg, vor 1028 umgebettet in die Kirche des Klosters St. Georg in Naumburg
-5. Imma, 995 Äbtissin zu Herford
--------------------------------------
(Forrás / Source) From Darryl Lundy's Peerage page on Herzog Hermann Billung:
http://www.thepeerage.com/p397.htm#i3964
Herzog Hermann Billung, von Sachsen
Herzog Hermann Billung, von Sachsen was born before 936.
Herzog Hermann Billung, von Sachsen gained the title of Herzog von Sachsen.
Children of Herzog Hermann Billung, von Sachsen
------------------------
Unattributed information on Hermann of Sachsen in Norwegian?:
Regjeringstid: Sachsen: 961 - 973
Født: ukjent
Død: 973
Foreldre: ukjent
Ektefelle(r): Oda og Hildesuith
Barn: Bernhard
Ludger
Suaneholde
Imma
Mathildis
Hermann av Sachsen (fødselsår ukjent, død i Quedlinburg i 973) av slekten Billung. I 936 ble han tildelt tittelen markgreve av Otto den store som takk for hans deltagelse i overvinnelsen av redarierne, obotrittene, wagrierne og danene. I 940 var han greve av Wetigau og i 953 utnevnte Otto ham til sin stedfortreder i Sachsen, noe som de facto gjorde ham til hertug uten at han hadde tittelen. Herman greide å fordrive nevøene sine, Wichmann II og Ekbert enøye, som sympatiserte med opprørerne fra Sachsen. I 955 opptrådte Hermann Billung som greve i Tilithigau og Marstengau, og i 956 ble han utnevnt til markgreve. Under Ottos reise til Italia i 956 og til Roma i 961 utnevnte han Herman på ny som sin stedfortreder i Sachsen.
Herman var gift med Oda og senere med Hildeshuith, og med dem hadde han barna:
Bernhard I av Sachsen (-1011)
Ludger (-1011)
Suanehilde (-1014), gift med markgreve Thietmar I av Meißen (-979) og deretter med markgreve Ekhard I av Meißen (-1002)
Imma, abbedisse i Herford
Mathildis (942-1008), gift med greve Boudewijn III av Flandern (940-962) i 961 og i 963 med grev Gottfried av Verdun (930-1002).
Forgjenger:
Otto II Hertug av Sachsen
(961–973) Etterfølger:
Bernhard I av Sachsen
--------------------
General Notes:
Han var stamfar til det Billungske hus. Forbindelsen med den eldre Billungslekten er usikker. Det er mulig at hans far var Billung som var greve av Sachsen og som døde i 967.
Hermann døde i 973 antagelig ca. 70 år gammel.
Billungslekten etterfulgte Liudolfingerslekten som hertuger av Sachsen fra 961 til 1106 og ble etterfulgt av Askanierslekten. Hertugdømmet Sachsen var en del av det tysk-romerske riket.
Research Notes:
Burke says he was Conrad I, le Pacifique, Roi de Bourgogne Transjurane.
Noted events in his life were:
-------------------------------------
From the Celtic Casimir online family tree:
http://www.celtic-casimir.com/webtree/2/2103.htm
Hermann Billung VON SACHSEN Duke of Saxony 578
Born: Abt 922, Sachsen
Died: 27 Mar 973
Ancestral File Number: 9HMD-14.
Marriage Information:
Hermann married Hildegard(is) VON WESTERBURG. (Hildegard(is) VON WESTERBURG was born about 922 in Westerberg, Sachsen.)
--------------------
From Miroslav Marek's research on the Billung family (Source / Forrás):
http://genealogy.euweb.cz/small/billung.html
Billung family
Billung von Stubenskorn, *ca 890, +ca 951; m.Ermengarde of Nantes (*ca 900)
A1. Wichman; m.ca 930 Frédegunde of Franks, dau.of Charles III Simple of Franks
A2. Poppo, Ct of Thuringia, *ca 910
---
A3. Hermann Billung, Mkgf of Lower Elbe 936, Duke of Saxony (960-973), *ca 915, +27.3.973; m.Hildegarde von Westerburg (*ca 925)
B1. Duke Bernhard II of Saxony (988-1011), *ca 940, +Corvey 9.2.1011; m.ca 974 Hildegarde von Stade (+1011)
C1. Duke Bernhard III of Saxony (1011-59), *ca 995, +29.6.1059; m.1020 Eilika von Schweinfurt (*1000, +ca 1055)
D1. Duke Otho Ordulf of Saxony (1059-72), *1020, +28.3.1072; m.1042 Wulfhild of Norway (+1071)
E1. Duke Magnus of Saxony (1072-1106), *ca 1045, +1106; m.1071 Sofia of Hungary (+1095)
F1. Wulfhilde, *1075, +1126; m.Duke Heinrich IX of Bavaria (+13.12.1126)
F2. Eilika, *1080, +16.1.1142; m.Duke Otto of Saxony (+1123)
E2. Bernhard, +young
D2. Gertrud, *Schweinfurt ca 1028, +Veurne 4.8.1113, bur Veurne; 1m: ca 1050 Floris I of Holland (+28.6.1061); 2m: 1063 Robert I of Flanders (*1031 +13.10.1093)
D3. Ida, heiress of Laroche, +31.7.1102, bur Namur; 1m: Frederic II of Lower Lorraine (+1065); 2m: Albert III de Namur (*before 10.8.1035 +22.6.1102)
B2. Mathilda, *ca 944, +25.5.1008; 1m: ca 963 Ct Godefroid of Verdun (+995/1005); 2m: Ct Baldwin III of Flanders (+962)
---
(No sources)
--------------------
Unattributed and with errant information (no such thing as "Stubenskorn" - don't agree? Try identifying it on a map...):
Hermann was the son of Billung von Stubenskorn (c. 860-967) and Ermengarde of Nantes (b. 900). Hermann is generally counted as the first Billung Duke of Saxony, but his exact position is unclear. King Otto I appointed Hermann margrave in 936, granting him a march north of the Elbe between the Limes Saxoniae and Peene Rivers. Having more autonomy than his contemporary margrave Gero, Hermann exacted tribute from the Polabian Slavs inhabiting the March of the Billungs. He often fought against the West Slavic tribes of the Redarians, Abotrites, and Wagrians.
By 953 Otto I, who was also Duke of Saxony, began entrusting more and more of his authority in Saxony to Hermann during his absences. However, Hermann was never named as duke in royal documents. Instead, he is named as a military leader, count, and margrave. His son Bernard inherited and strengthened his father's position and managed to be recognized as duke.
Hermann had property around Lüneburg and founded the monastery of St. Michael in that city. He died in Quedlinburg.
Descendants
Hermann Billung was probably married twice, first to a woman named Oda (who died on 15 March in an unknown year), and second to Hildegarde of Westerbourg.
He had five children:
Bernhard I (died 1011), Duke of Saxony
Liutger (died 26 February 1011) Count in Westfalengau, attested in 991, buried in St. Michaels in Lüneburg, married Emma (died 3 December 1038), buried in the Bremen Cathedral, daughter of Immed IV (Immedinger), sister of Bishop Meinwerk of Paderborn.
Suanhilde (born between 945 and 955, died 28 November 1014, buried in the monastery of Jena, reburied after 1028 in the Georgskirche of Naumburg in Saale, married 1st in 970 Thietmar I (died after 979) Margrave of Meissen, married (2) before 1000 Ekkehard I (murdered 30 April 1002 in Pöhlde); in 992 Margrave of Meissen, buried in the monastery of Jena, reburied after 1028 in the Church of Georg Naumburg (Saale)
Mathilde (born between 935 and 945, died 25 May 1008 in Ghent St. Peter), married 1st in 961 to Balduin III, Count of Flanders (died 1 January 962), married second Gottfried der Gefangene (died on 3/4 April after 995) in 963/982, Count of Verdun (Wigeriche), buried in St. Peter's in Ghent
Imma, in 995 Abbess of Herford
--------------------
Herzog von Sachsen (961-973) Graf im Bardengau, Marstengau und Tilithigau
------------------------
900/12-27.3.973 - Quedlinburg
Lexikon des Mittelalters: Band IV Spalte 2160
----------------------
+ 13. März 973 - Quedlinburg
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