The Caliphate of Córdoba (Arabic: خلافة قرطبة, Khilāfat Qurṭuba) ruled the Iberian peninsula (Al-Andalus) and part of North Africa, from the city of Córdoba, from 929 to 1031. This period was characterized by remarkable success in trade and culture; many of the masterpieces of Islamic Iberia were constructed in this period, including the famous Great Mosque of Córdoba. In January of 929, Abd-ar-Rahman III proclaimed himself Caliph (Arabic: خليفة) of Córdoba in place of his original title Emir of Córdoba (Arabic: أمير قرطبة 'Amīr Qurṭuba). Abd-ar-Rahman III was a member of the Umayyad dynasty; the same dynasty who held the titles of Emir of Córdoba since 756. The rule of the Caliphate is known as the heyday of Muslim presence in the Iberian peninsula. The Caliphate was practically disintegrated due to civil war (fitna) between descendants of the last legitimate Caliph Hisham II and the successors of his prime minister (hayib) Al-Mansur. The shell of the Caliphate existed until 1031 when, after years of infighting, it fractured into a number of independent Taifa kingdoms.

List of wilayas

• Wilayah of Huesca
• Wilayah of Toledo
• Wilayah of Zaragoza

List of rulers

Emirs of Córdoba

Banu Umayyah

• 756-788 : Abd ar-Rahman I
• 788-796 : Hisham I, son of previous
• 796-822 : al-Hakam I, son of previous
• 822-852 : Abd ar-Rahman II, son of previous
• 852-886 : Muhammad I, son of previous
• 886-888 : al-Mundhir, son of previous
• 888-912 : Abdallah ibn Muhammad, brother of previous
• 912-929 : Abd ar-Rahman III, brother of previous

Caliphs of Córdoba

Banu Umayyah

• 929-961 : Abd ar-Rahman III
• 961-976 : Al-Hakam II
• 976-1008 : Hisham II
• 1008-1009 : Muhammad II
• 1009-1010 : Sulayman II
• 1010-1012 : Hisham II
• 1012-1016 : Sulayman II
• 1017 : Abd ar-Rahman IV

Banu Hammudid

• 1016-1018 : Ali ibn Hammud al-Nasir
• 1018-1021 : Al-Qasim ibn Hammud al-Ma'mu
• 1021-1023 : Yahya ibn Ali ibn Hammud al-Mu'tali
• 1023 : Al-Qasim ibn Hammud al-Ma'mu

Banu Umayyah

• 1023-1024 : Abd-ar-Rahman V
• 1024-1025 : Muhammad III
• 1025-1026 : Yahya ibn Ali ibn Hammud al-Mu'tali
• 1026-1031 : Hisham III