London ‪2012 Paralympic Games‬ - Events and Results: Page 2.

Work in Progress

This page will be adapted for Rio 2016!

This sub-project of the London 2012 Paralympic Games project is Page 2 of the Sports Events and results page, listing records and results of the following disciplines:

Rowing

Sailing

Shooting

Table Tennis

Sitting Volleyball

Wheelchair Basketball

Wheelchair Fencing

Wheelchair Rugby

Wheelchair Tennis

There are separate pages for the following disciplines:

... in order to make the page more manageable.

Athletics

Cycling Road and Track

Swimming

Page 1. for the following disciplines -

• Archery
• Boccia
• Equestrian
• Football 5-a-side
• Football 7-a-side
• Goalball
• Judo
• Powerlifting

The aim is to expand each discipline or sport by listing current record holders and previous medalists. If there is a Geni profile the link is Bold - links to external sources are not.

See also

List of IOC country codes

Classification

Individual classification information is given for each discipline.

Read more at Athletics - Classification

Symbols used

All Events in Discipline complete

Olympic Record 2008

New Olympic Record 2012

- Completed event

Sports Events

Rowing

Appearing at the Paralympic Games for only the second time, the sport of Rowing will be held on the waters at Eton Dorney during London 2012.

Although its history dates back centuries, Rowing only came of age as a competitive sport in the last 200 years. Interest began to increase after Oxford and Cambridge Universities began their rivalry on the Thames in 1829, a rivalry that continues today in the shape of the annual Boat Race. The sport made its Paralympic debut in Beijing 2008 – when Great Britain topped the medal table.

• Competition dates - Friday 31 August – Sunday 2 September (Reserve Day Monday 3 September)
• Competition venue - Eton Dorney, Buckinghamshire
• Famous Paralympic athletes - Rowing

• Tom Aggar - When Paralympic Rowing was included in the Games programme for the first time at Beijing 2008, Tom Aggar won the gold medal in just his second year of competitive rowing.
• Helene Raynsford - won the gold medal in the inaugural women’s Paralympic Rowing event at Beijing 2008.
• Oksana Master (USA)

The classification rules of the International Federation for Rowing state that athletes with a physical impairment and athletes with a visual impairment are eligible to compete in the sport at the Paralympics.

Classification also groups athletes in classes, defined by the degree to which they are limited in their ability to perform activities within that sport.

Paralympic Rowing has three categories of classification, indicating the amount of functional ability a rower has. These classes define the type of boat you row in; single scull, double scull or coxed four.

The three classes in rowing can be described as follows

• AS – the athletes’ impairment means they can only use their arms and shoulders to accelerate the boat. These athletes compete in a single scull boat in both men’s and women’s medal events.
• TA – the athletes’ impairment means they can use their shoulders, trunk and arms to accelerate the boat. These athlete compete in a mixed double scull boat, where one male and one female make up a team.
• LTA – these athletes have an impairment that affects their ability to row but are able to use their legs, trunk and arms to accelerate the boat. LTA athletes row as a mixed coxed four. No more than two of the mixed coxed four may have a visual impairment and the cox is not required to have an impairment to be eligible.

Women's Single Sculls - ASW1x

• Record

2008 Medals:

• G. Helene Raynsford (GBR)
• S. Liudmila Vauchok (BLR)
• B. Laura Schwanger (USA)

2012 Medals

• G.
• S.
• B.

Men's Single Sculls - ASM1x

• Record

2008 Medals:

• G. Tom Aggar (GBR)
• S. Oleksandr Petrenko (UKR)
• B. Eli Nawi (ISR)

2012 Medals

• G.
• S.
• B.

Mixed Double Sculls - TAMix2x

• Record

2008 Medals:

• G. Zhou Yangjing & Shan Zilong (CHN)
• S. John McLean & Kathryn Ross (GBR)
• B. Elton Santana & Josiane Lima (BRA)

2012 Medals

• G.
• S.
• B.

Mixed Coxed Four - LTAMix4+

• Record

2008 Medals:

• G. Paola Protopapa, Luca Agoletto, Daniele Signore, Graziana Saccocci and Cox: Alessandro Franzetti (ITA)
• S. Emma Preuschl, Tracy Tackett, Jesse Karmazin, Jamie Dean and Cox: Simona Chin
• B. Vicki Hansford, Naomi Riches, Alastair McKean, James Morgan and Cox: Alan Sherman

2012 Medals

• G.
• S.
• B.

Sailing

A total of 80 athletes will be sailing for gold in the waters of Weymouth Bay and Portland Harbour at the London 2012 Paralympic Games.

Sailing for athletes with a disability began to develop as a competitive sport in the 1980s, just over 10 years before it joined the Paralympic programme. Mastery over ever-changing conditions on open water requires skill, tactics and nerve.

• Competition dates - Saturday 1 September – Thursday 6 September
• Competition venue - Weymouth and Portland, Dorset
• Famous Paralympic athletes - Sailing

• Paul Tingley - Canadian Paul Tingley has won two Sailing medals at the Paralympic Games.
• Maureen McKinnon-Tucker - Maureen McKinnon-Tucker was the first women to represent the USA in Sailing at the Paralympic Games.

The classification rules of the International Federation for Sailing state that athletes with a physical impairment and athletes with a visual impairment are eligible to compete in the sport at the Paralympics.

Classification also groups athletes in classes, defined by the degree to which they are limited in their ability to perform activities within that sport.

The classification system for Sailing assigns a point score to each athlete based on the their ability to perform tasks specific to the sport.

Sailing has three categories of boat at the Paralympics; Three Person Keelboat, Two Person Keelboat and Single Person Keelboat. Each boat uses its own classification points system to make up a team.

• Three-Person Keelboat: each athlete is assigned a point score between 1 and 7 based on the impact of the athlete's impairment to perform tasks on the boat. The lower the point score, the greater the impact of the athlete’s impairment on their ability to sail. The total classification points of all three sailors must not exceed a maximum of 14 points.
• Two-Person Keelboat: athletes are assigned a class of TPA if they have an impairment with a greater impact on their ability to sail. TPB athletes have an impairment with a lesser impact on their ability to sail. One TPA athlete and one TPB athlete make up the team of a Two-Person Keelboat
• Single-Person Keelboat: the athlete must meet the minimum eligibility requirement for the sport, the equivalent of a point 7 in the Three-Person Keelboat.

Single-Person Keelboat (2.4mR)

2008 Medals:

• G. Paul Tingley (CAN)
• S. Danien Seguin (FRA)
• B. John Ruf (USA)

2012 Medals

• G.
• S.
• B.

Mixed Three-Person Keelboat (Sonar)

2008 Medals:

• G. Jens Kroker, Robert Prem & Siegmund Mainka (GER)
• S. Bruno Jourdren, Herve Larhant & Nicolas Vimont-Vicary (FRA)
• B. Colin Harrison, Russell Boaden & Graeme Martin (AUS)

2012 Medals

• G.
• S.
• B.

Mixed Two-Person Keelboat (SKUD18)

2008 Medals:

• G. Nick Scandone & Maureen McKinnon-Tucker (USA)
• S. Daniel Fitzgibbon & Rachael Cox (AUS)
• B. John McRoberts & Stacie Louttit (CAN)

2012 Medals

• G.
• S.
• B.

Shooting

Shooting is a test of accuracy and control, in which athletes use pistols or rifles to fire at static targets.

Having been practised competitively for centuries, the tough and demanding sport of Shooting is now popular all over the world. At the London 2012 Paralympic Games, the 12 events are being held in the historic surroundings of The Royal Artillery Barracks, the perfect setting for a sport that should offer plenty of drama and tension across eight days of competition.

• Competition dates - Thursday 30 August – Thursday 6 September
• Competition venue - The Royal Artillery Barracks
• Famous Paralympic athletes - Shooting

• Isabel Newstead - won a total of ten medals over five Games, including gold medals in Shooting, Swimming and Athletics.
• Jonas Jacobsson (SUI) - Swedish star Jonas Jacobsson has gathered a remarkable 28 Paralympic Games medals during his career. 1980-1994 13G, 1S.

The classification rules of the International Federation for Shooting state that athletes with a physical impairment are eligible to compete in the sport at the Paralympics.

Classification also groups athletes in classes, defined by the degree to which they are limited in their ability to perform activities within that sport.

There are two classes in shooting; SH1 and SH2. The differences between the classes can be summarised as follows:

• SH1 – athletes who can support the weight of their firearm themselves and shoot using a rifle or pistol.
• SH2 – athletes who use a shooting stand for support as they have an impairment that affects one or both of their arms and shoot using a rifle only.

Men's competition

Men's R1-10m Air Rifle Standing-SH1

• Record 596 Jonas Jakobsson (SWE) Beijing 2008

2008 Medals:

• G. 596 Jonas Jakobsson (SWE)
• S. Norbet Gau (GER)
• B. Lee Ju-Hee (KOR)

2012 Medals

• G.
• S.
• B.

Men's R7-50m Rifle 3 Positions-SH1

• Record 1163 Jonas Jakobsson (SWE) Beijing 2008

2008 Medals:

• G. 1163 Jonas Jakobsson (SWE)
• S. Doron Shaziri (ISR)
• B. Dong Chao (CHN)

2012 Medals

• G.
• S.
• B.

Men's P1-10m Air Pistol-SH1

• Record 578 Valery Ponomarenko (RUS) Beijing 2008

2008 Medals:

• G. 578 Valeriy Ponomarenko (RUS)
• S. Sergey Malyshev (RUS)
• B. Lee Ju-Hee (KOR)

2012 Medals

• G.
• S.
• B.

Mixed competition

Mixed R3-10m Air Rifle Prone-SH1

• Record 600 (IRI) Enayatollah Bokharaei Atlanta 1996

2008 Medals:

• G.
• S.
• B.

2012 Medals

• G.
• S.
• B.

Mixed R4-10m Air Rifle Standing-SH2

• Record 600 Michael Johnson (AUS) Sydney 2000

2008 Medals:

• G.
• S.
• B.

2012 Medals

• G.
• S.
• B.

Mixed R5-10m Air Rifle Prone-SH2

• Record 600 Thomas Johansson (SWE) Sydney 2000

2008 Medals:

• G.
• S.
• B.

2012 Medals

• G.
• S.
• B.

Mixed R6-50m Rifle Prone-SH1

• Record 597 Jonas Jakobsson (SWE) Athens 2004

2008 Medals:

• G.
• S.
• B.

2012 Medals

• G.
• S.
• B.

Mixed P3-25m Pistol-SH1

• Record 587 Andrey Lebedinskiy (RUS) Atlanta 1996

2008 Medals:

• G.
• S.
• B.

2012 Medals

• G.
• S.
• B.

Mixed P4-50m Pistol-SH1

• Record 552 Seakyun (KOR) Beijing 2008

2008 Medals:

• G.
• S.
• B.

2012 Medals

• G.
• S.
• B.

Women's competition

Women's R2-10m Air Rifle Standing-SH1

• Record 396 Cuiping Zhang (CHN) London 2012 (Qualification)

2008 Medals:

• G. Veronika Vadovičová (SVK)
• S. Manuela Schmermund (GER)
• B. Nilda Gómez López (PUR)

2012 Medals

• G. Cuiping Zhang (CHN)
• S. Manuela Schmermund (GER)
• B. Natalie Smith (AUS)

Women's P2-10m Air Pistol-SH1

• Record 376 Isabel Newstead (GBR) Sydney 2000

2008 Medals:

• G. 374 Lin Haiyan (CHN)
• S. Moon Aee-kyung (KOR)
• B. Natalia Dalekova (RUS)

2012 Medals

• G.
• S.
• B.

Women's R8-50m Rifle 3 Positions-SH1

• Record 579 Yunri Lee (KOR) Beijing 2008

2008 Medals:

• G. 579 Yunri Lee (KOR)
• S. Kim Im-yeon (KOR)
• B. Zhang Cuiping (CHN)

2012 Medals

• G.
• S.
• B.

Swimming See dedicated page

Table Tennis

With 29 medal events and nearly 300 athletes, Table Tennis is one of the largest sports on the Paralympic programme.

Table Tennis has come a long way from its origins in the late 19th century, when it developed as an after-dinner game played by upper-class English families. A permanent part of the Paralympic programme since the first Games in 1960, the sport blends power, speed, skill and subtlety – no wonder it is the biggest participation sport in the world.

• Competition dates - Thursday 30 August – Saturday 8 September
• Competition venue - ExCeL
• Famous Paralympic athletes - Table Tennis

• Zhang Xiaoling - the most successful player in the history of Table Tennis at the Paralympic Games and is one of China’s greatest Paralympians.
• Natalia Partyka (POL)

The classification rules of the International Federation for Table Tennis state that athletes with a physical impairment and athletes with intellectual impairment are eligible to compete in the sport at the Paralympics.

Classification also groups athletes in classes, defined by the degree to which they are limited in their ability to perform activities within that sport. In Table Tennis there are eleven classes and they can be described as follows:

• 1–5: athletes with a physical impairment that affects their legs who compete in a sitting position, the lower the number, the greater the impact the impairment has on an athlete’s ability to compete
• 6–10: athletes with a physical impairment who compete from a standing position, the lower the number, the greater the impact the impairment has on an athlete’s ability to compete
• 11: athletes with intellectual impairment

Men's Singles - Class 3

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Men's Singles - Class 8

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Women's Singles - Class 8

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Men's Singles - Class 9

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Women's Singles - Class 3

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Men's Singles - Class 2

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Women's Singles - Class 9

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Men's Singles - Class 6

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Women's Singles - Class 4

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Women's Singles - Class 6

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Women's Singles - Class 11

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Men's Singles - Class 11

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Women's Singles - Class 1-2

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Women's Singles - Class 10

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Men's Singles - Class 1

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Men's Singles - Class 4

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Men's Singles - Class 10

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Women's Singles - Class 7

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Men's Singles - Class 5

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Men's Singles - Class 7

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Women's Singles - Class 5

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Sitting Volleyball

With men and women going for gold across 10 days of quick-paced competition, Sitting Volleyball should offer plenty of thrills at London 2012.

Sitting Volleyball emerged in the Netherlands in the 1950s, a combination of Volleyball and a German game called Sitzbal. It really began to increase in popularity during the 1960s, and has since grown into one of the most fast-paced and exciting Paralympic sports. It is now played by athletes in more than 50 countries around the world.

• Competition dates - Thursday 30 August – Saturday 8 September
• Competition venue - ExCeL

The classification rules of the International Federation for Sitting Volleyball state that athletes with a physical impairment are eligible to compete in the sport at the Paralympics.

Classification also groups athletes in classes, defined by the degree to which they are limited in their ability to perform activities within that sport.

In Sitting Volleyball, there are two categories of classification: Disabled (D) and Minimally Disabled (MD). As these names suggest, D athletes have an impairment that has a greater impact on the field of play than MD players.

A number of players with the class MD played standing volleyball and picked up a significant injury to their ankle or knee, making them eligible to compete in Sitting Volleyball.

A maximum of one MD player may be on the court for each team at any one time.

Men's Sitting Volleyball

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Wheelchair Basketball

Wheelchair Basketball is one of the most popular sports at the Paralympic Games.

The sport was developed by American World War II veterans as part of their rehabilitation programme, but its popularity soon spread around the world. Now played in more than 80 countries, it is one of the most dynamic on the Paralympic programme.

• Competition dates - Thursday 30 August – Saturday 8 September
• Competition venue - Olympic Park – Basketball Arena (initial group phase) and North Greenwich Arena (initial group phase, all quarter-finals, semi-finals and finals)

• Dave Kiley became a truly amazing athlete winning a total of 13 Paralympic medals. member of the American Paralympic basketball team six times, winning two golds, a silver and two bronze medals. Dave also won four gold medals in the 1976 Paralympics in Toronto for racing. In 1992, at the winter Paralympics in France he won two gold and two silver medals for downhill skiing. In the 1992 Summer Paralympic Games in Barcelona, Dave was at the centre of a famous controversy. He failed a drugs test because he had taken a painkiller before a basketball match. As a result both he and the team lost their gold medal.
• Paul Schulte -Wheelchair Basketball

• Troy Sachs- Australian Wheelchair Basketball

The classification rules of the International Federation for Wheelchair Basketball state that athletes with a physical impairment that affects at least one leg are eligible to compete in the sport at the Paralympics.

Classification also groups athletes in classes, defined by the degree to which they are limited in their ability to perform activities within that sport.

In Wheelchair Basketball there are eight classes from 1.0 for a player with the least physical function, increasing by 0.5 per class through to 4.5 for the most physical function.

To minimise the impact of types of impairment on the outcome of competition, the total on-court point value during play for each team of five players cannot exceed 14.

Men's Wheelchair Basketball

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Women's Wheelchair Basketball

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Wheelchair Fencing

The Paralympic sport of Wheelchair Fencing features three different weapons, 100 athletes – and plenty of action.

Although sword fighting dates back thousands of years, Fencing as we now understand it came of age as a sport in the 19th century. Developed in the years after World War II at Stoke Mandeville, the birthplace of the Paralympic Games, Wheelchair Fencing is a fierce, fast-moving battle of tactics and technique.

• Competition dates - Tuesday 4 September – Saturday 8 September
• Competition venue - ExCeL
• Famous Paralympic athletes - Wheelchair Fencing

• Pal Szekeres has won medals in both the Olympic and Paralympic Games.
• Yu Chui Yee - among the most successful Wheelchair Fencing athletes in the history of the Paralympic Games.

The classification rules of the International Federation for Wheelchair Fencing state that athletes with a physical impairment that affects at least one leg or foot are eligible to compete in the sport at the Paralympics.

Classification also groups athletes in classes, defined by the degree to which they are limited in their ability to perform activities within that sport. In Wheelchair Fencing there are two classes: Category A and Category B.

• Category A athletes have good trunk control and their fencing arm is not affected by their impairment.
• Category B athletes have an impairment that affects either their trunk or their fencing arm.

Men's Individual Foil - Category A

Record

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Women's Individual Foil - Category A

Record

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Women's Individual Foil - Category B

Record

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Men's Individual Foil - Category B

Record

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Wheelchair Rugby

The Wheelchair Rugby competition will see eight highly-motivated teams square off in a fiercely competitive battle for gold.

Wheelchair Rugby was invented in 1977 by a group of Canadian quadriplegic athletes, who were looking for an alternative to Wheelchair Basketball that would allow players with reduced arm and hand function to participate on equal terms. The sport they created, which incorporates some elements of Basketball, Handball and Ice Hockey, has since grown into a thrilling and intense spectacle, and is enormously popular with Paralympic spectators around the world.

• Competition dates - Wednesday 5 – Sunday 9 September
• Competition venue - Olympic Park – Basketball Arena

The classification rules of the International Federation for Wheelchair Rugby state that athletes with a physical impairment that affects the arms and legs are eligible to compete in the sport at the Paralympics.

Classification also groups athletes in classes, defined by the degree to which they are limited in their ability to perform activities within that sport.

In Wheelchair Rugby every player is assigned a point value based on their functional ability. There are seven classes from 0.5 for a player with the least physical function increasing by 0.5 per class through to 3.5 for the most physical function.

To minimise the impact of types of impairment on the outcome of competition, the total on-court point value during play for each team of four players cannot exceed 8. For each female player a team fields on court, the maximum points level increases by 0.5.

Mixed Wheelchair Rugby

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Wheelchair Tennis

Wheelchair Tennis was invented in 1976 by Brad Parks, who had been experimenting with tennis as a recreational therapy after he was injured in a freestyle skiing competition.

Since these humble beginnings, the sport has grown at an amazing rate: now fully integrated into all four Grand Slam Tennis events, and with more than 170 tournaments on the ITF’s own Wheelchair Tennis Tour, it is more popular than ever.

• Competition dates - Saturday 1 September – Saturday 8 September
• Competition venue - Olympic Park – Eton Manor
• Famous Paralympic athletes - Wheelchair Tennis

• Esther Vergeer - could well be regarded as the most dominant tennis player of all time.
• Peter Norfolk - made history in 2004 when he became the first Great Britain player ever to win a Paralympic medal in Tennis.
• Nick Taylor (USA)

The classification rules of the International Federation for Wheelchair Tennis state that athletes with a physical impairment that affects their ability to move around the court and prohibits them to compete equally with able-bodied tennis players are eligible to compete in the sport at the Paralympics.

Classification also groups athletes in classes, defined by the degree to which they are limited in their ability to perform activities within that sport. In Wheelchair Tennis there are two classes, Open and Quad:

• Open class is for athletes with an impairment of one or both legs but does not affect their arms or hands.
• Quad class athletes have an impairment that affects their arms and legs, which limits their ability to handle the racket and to move their wheelchair compared with Open class athletes. Men and women compete together in the Quad events.

Men's Singles

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Women's Singles

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.

Mixed Quad Doubles

2008 Medals: G. ; S.; B.

2012 Medals G. ; S. ; B.