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字國瑞, was born into a poor family in Chung-li 鍾離, Hao-chou 濠州 (modern Feng-yang, Anhwei) and eventually became the founder of the Ming dynasty. His early ancestors, according to his own account, were once settled in Chü-jung 句容 (near Nanking) and moved thence to Ssu-chou 泗州 (Anhwei). Some time in the 14th century his father, Chu Shih-chen 世珍, defaulting on his taxes and refusing to perform his covée duties, moved to Chung-li. Chu Yüan-chang was the youngest of fours boys and two girls. Difficulties in supporting such a family forced his parents to arrange for the adoption of his second and third older brothers and to marry off his sisters early. Information about Chu Yüan-chang's early life to his seventeenth year is meager. It is said that as a child he was frequently ailing and his father wished to have him reared in a Buddhist monastery, but his mother, née Ch'en 陳, objected. Later he developed into a robust youth, whose main physical characteristic was a protruding lower jaw. He probably assisted in work on the farm, and had no schooling.
1328 |
1328年10月21日
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1355年10月10日
26岁
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1356年12月3日
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1358年12月18日
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1360年5月2日
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1361年10月8日
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1364年4月5日
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1370年3月15日
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