Dr. D.F. Malan

Daniel François Malan (22 May 1874 – 7 February 1959), more commonly known as D.F. Malan, was the Prime Minister of South Africa from 1948 to 1954. He is seen as the champion of Afrikaner nationalism.

Malan ("ma-LUN") was born in Riebeek-West in the Cape Colony . He obtained a B.A. in Mathematics and Science from the Victoria College in Stellenbosch, whereafter he entered the Stellenbosch seminary in order to train as a minister in the Dutch Reformed Church. Along with his studies in theology, he obtained a M.A. in Philosophy from Victoria College, later to be Stellenbosch University. Malan left South Africa in 1900 to study towards a Doctorate in Divinity at the University of Utrecht, which he obtained in 1905. After his return to South Africa, he was ordained as a minister of the Dutch Reformed Church and served for six months as an assistant-minister in Heidelberg, Transvaal. He was an ardent fighter for the acceptance of Afrikaans, which was an emerging language fighting against Dutch and English, and was a founding member of the Afrikaanse Taalvereeniging, which was established in 1906. He was stationed in Montagu from 1906 to 1912 and thereafter in Graaff-Reinet until 1915. He also undertook a journey on behalf of the Dutch Reformed Church, visiting Afrikaners in the Belgian Congo and Southern Rhodesia.

The Union of South Africa was created on 31 May 1910, eight years after the end of the Second Boer War, with Louis Botha as the first prime minister. In 1912, J.B.M. Hertzog broke his ties with Botha and formed the National Party in 1914. In those years, every party had newspapers affiliated to it, which acted as its mouthpiece. However, Nationalist-minded Afrikaners in the Cape had no such mouthpiece and therefore, in 1915, decided to found De Burger, later known as Die Burger. They persuaded Malan to become the editor of the new newspaper and, as he was worried about the Afrikaners' political position in the aftermath of the 1914 Rebellion, he accepted the position, thus relinquishing his position as a minister in the Dutch Reformed Church. A Cape branch of Hertzog's National Party was founded in 1915 and Malan was elected as its provincial leader. Malan was elected to Parliament in 1918.

The National Party came to power under the leadership of Hertzog in 1924, and Malan was given the post of Minister of the Interior, Education and Public Health, which he held until 1933. In 1925, Malan was at the forefront of a campaign to replace Dutch with Afrikaans in the constitution as well as to provide South Africa with its own national flag.

In 1934, the United Party was formed out of the merger between Hertzog's National Party and the rival South African Party of Jan Smuts. Malan strongly opposed the merger; he and 19 other MPs defected to form the 'Purified' National Party, which he led for the next fourteen years as opposition. Malan also opposed South African participation in World War II, which was already unpopular among the Afrikaner population and led to a split in the governing party; this dramatically increased his popularity, and he consequently defeated Smuts and the United Party in 1948.

After coming to power and leading for six and a half years, a firm foundation for apartheid was laid. The system was only officially dismantled in 1994, but the effects were to last much longer. Malan retired in 1954 at the age of 80, but in the succession-battle that accompanied his retirement, his anointed heirs, N.C. Havenga and E. Donges were defeated and Malan was thus succeeded by J.G. Strijdom.

He died in 1959 at Môrewag, his home in Stellenbosch. His book, Afrikaner Volkseenheid en my ervaringe op die pad daarheen ("Afrikaner Nationalism and my experiences on the road to it"), was published in the same year by Nasionale Boekhandel. A collection of his writings and documents is housed in the Document Centre at the University of Stellenbosch's J.S. Gericke library.

He is positioned 81st on the SABC3's Great South Africans list.

He was on the may 5, 1952 cover.

http://www.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19520505,00.html

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Die Afrikaner deur Hermann GILIOMEE. Verkorte en aangevulde uitgawe. Tafelberg Uitgewers. Eerste uitgawe, eerste druk. 2018. ISBN: 978-0-624-07107-5.

In sy Nuwejaarsboodskap van 1953 het hy daarna verwys dat Suid-Afrikaners van alle groepe mekaar se bestaansreg moet aanvaar en in Engelse teks vervolg:

"South Africa is our common heritage and belongs to us all."

Twee jaar later sou die ANC se "Vryheidsmanifes" presies dieselde woorde gebruik en beroemd maak.

Bygevoeg deur Y. DROST, 24 JUN 2018

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http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0259-01...

An ageing anachronism: D.F. Malan as prime minister, 1948-1954

Lindie Koorts

Department of Historical Studies, University of Johannesburg

Bygevoeg deur Y. DROST, 28 JUN 2018

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D._F._Malan

http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/daniel-francois-malan

Dr. D. F. MALAN was succeeded by J. G. STRIJDOM as Prime Minister. Johannes (Hans) Gerhardus "JG" Strijdom

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D. F. Malan Former Prime Minister.

Bygevoeg deur Y. DROST, 25 JAN 2019

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Lees:

Lindie Korf. Behind every man: D.F. Malan and the women in his life, 1874-1959. Paper presented at the Southern African Historical Society (SAHS) Biennial Conference, University of Johannesburg, June 24-27, 2007.

https://www.academia.edu/511013/Behind_Every_Man_D.F._Malan_and_the.... 

Dit gee 'n ander beeld as van die stugge ou man op alle foto's te sien. Hy was eintlik 'n skaam mens, veral as jongeling. Die artikel lig sy verhouding uit veral met sy stiefma wat nie veel ouer was as hy nie en sy 2 veel jonger ekstroverte vrouens. Hy is deur hulle versorg in sy erge verstrooidheid. Almal was sterk karakters en het ook 'n rol in die politiek gespeel, behalwe Mattie (vrou no 1) wat nie veel belanggestel het nie en vroeg oorlede is. Sy verhouding met ander vrouens in verskillende verwantskappe word ook bespreek.

Graf: https://www.graves-at-eggsa.org/main.php?g2_itemId=2926185

Sien ook: Lindie Korf. 2010. DF Malan: a political biography. PhD thesis, US. http://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/3991 en ander geskrifte deur Korf, later bekend as Koorts. Sy is die land se voorste kenner van Dr Malan.

Bygedra deur David Abraham Swanepoel

𝐕𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐠 𝐢𝐧 𝐝𝐢𝐞 𝐠𝐞𝐬𝐤𝐢𝐞𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐢𝐬

𝟑𝟏 𝐀𝐮𝐠𝐮𝐬𝐭𝐮𝐬 𝟏𝟗𝟏𝟖 – 𝐃𝐫. 𝐃𝐅 𝐌𝐚𝐥𝐚𝐧 𝐬𝐞 𝐛𝐞𝐫𝐨𝐞𝐦𝐝𝐞 𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐟𝐡𝐚𝐧𝐤𝐥𝐢𝐤𝐡𝐞𝐢𝐝𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐞𝐬𝐩𝐫𝐚𝐚𝐤

Op hierdie dag spreek dr. DF Malan ’n vergadering op Malmesbury toe en bepleit vir die eerste keer onafhanklikheid vir Suid-Afrika. Dr. Malan het die onderwerp sterk aangeroer, hoewel sy partyleier, genl. JBM Hertzog, en die Nasionale Party self gesê het dat die tyd nog nie daarvoor ryp is nie – maar met die duidelike verstandhouding dat daar ook “aan die ander kant geen anti-republikeinse propaganda gemaak sou word nie”. “Aan die ander kant” het egter nie aan die verstandhouding voldoen nie, en dr. Malan het sy openbare onafhanklikheidspleidooie daarna as “geheel onvermydelik” bestempel. “Indien in sulke omstandighede die republikeinsgesinde deel van die volk hom nie sou uitspreek nie, sou hy nie alleen sonder protes toelaat dat hy aangeval en veroordeel word nie, maar sou hy ook toelaat dat daar in Engeland sowel as by ander volke in die wêreld ’n verkeerde indruk gewek word oor sy werklike gevoelens en oortuigings ... en dit sou gebeur het op ’n tydstip dat daar ook oor Suid-Afrika se lot beslis sal word,” het dr. Malan beklemtoon. Dr. Malan het ook ernstige protes aangeteken teen die konstitusionele veranderinge wat “ons bestaande vryhede” ingekort en in ’n imperialistiese rigting beweeg het. Hy het verwys na die besluit van die Sentrale Komitees van die Nasionale Party op 7 Augustus in Bloemfontein dat, in die lig van die doeleindes van die oorlog (Eerste Wêreldoorlog) en verklaringe van pres. Woodrow Wilson van Amerika en premier Lloyd George van Engeland dat alle geskonde regte en vryhede herstel moet word, dat alle nasionaliteite die reg moet hê om oor hul eie lot te beslis, en dat geen volk ooit gedwing mag word om onder ’n heerskappy te staan waaronder hy nie wil lewe nie, Suid-Afrika ook die reg – ’n Godgegewe en onvervreembare reg – moet hê “sodat vir hierdie land beskikbaar gestel sal word volkome vryheid en onafhanklikheid, insluitende die reg om ’n eie regeringsvorm te bepaal”. Dr. Malan het gesê Suid-Afrika se vryheidstrewe behels meer as ’n republiek. Dit vra volkome onafhanklikheid, en langs ’n konstitusionele weg – nie deur revolusie of geweld nie. Die Afrikaner het in sy hele geskiedenis die vryheid ideaal nagestreef, “so selfs dat ons geen enkele tyd in ons geskiedenis sedert ons ’n volk geword het, kan opnoem wanneer dit nie die geval was nie”. Dr. Malan het die destydse besware teen ’n onafhanklikheidstrewe – soos eer en plig teenoor Engeland (die Britse konneksie), ontydigheid, en dat Suid-Afrika te klein en betekenisloos is – grondig en oortuigend verwerp. Dr. Malan het in onafhanklikheid ook ’n oplossing vir die “Rassekwessie” (die stryd tussen Afrikaans en Engels en die gevolglike stryd tussen die Imperialisme en die Nasionalisme) gesien en toe reeds gemeenskaplike vaderlandslojaliteit met een vlag bepleit. Hy het sy toespraak so afgesluit: “Ons is dit (onafhanklikheidstrewe) skuldig aan die voorgeslag wat ons vooruitgegaan is en wat vir die ideaal van die vryheid geleef en daarvoor gesterf het. Ons is dit verskuldig ook aan die geslagte wat nog sal kom. Hulle sal eenmaal terugkyk op hierdie tyd met sy nuwe ideale en met sy geleenthede, en hulle sal rekenskap van ons afeis. Ons verantwoordelikheid mag ons en sal ons nie van ons afskuif nie.”

Die Erfenisstigting