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The county town was historically Inveraray; Lochgilphead later claimed to be the county town, as the seat of local government for the county from the nineteenth century. Neither town was the largest settlement geographically nor in terms of population however.
1975 - area being split between Highland and Strathclyde Regions. A local government district called Argyll and Bute was formed in the Strathclyde region, including most of Argyll and the Isle of Bute.
The Ardnamurchan, Ardgour, Ballachulish, Duror, Glencoe, Kinlochleven and Morvern areas of Argyll were detached to become part of Lochaber District, in Highland. They remained in Highland following the 1996 revision.
Argyll (sometimes anglified as Argyllshire) is a maritime county in the west of Scotland, a registration county of Scotland and additionally between 1890 and 1975 it was a county for local government purposes.
Argyll's neighbouring counties are Inverness-shire, Perthshire, Dunbartonshire, Renfrewshire, Ayrshire and Bute. Renfrewshire and Ayrshire are the other side of the Firth of Clyde. Bute is a county of islands in the firth.
The surface of the county is generally wild and mountainous but includes fertile tracts of valleys which afford productive arable land and good pasture. Of the numerous islands included within the limits of the county, the principal are Mull, Jura, Islan, Coll, Tiree, Colonsay, Lismore, and Oronsay, with several smaller islands. Between these islands and the mainland are several extensive sounds. The coasts are deeply indented with arms of the sea constituting salt-water lochs of considerable extent.
Cattle, of the West Highland breed, and sheep are the chief livestock raised. Limestone and coal are wrought and granite and marble are quarried. Some lead and copper are mined. The principal manufacture is wool, and also flax. There are several distilleries, tanneries, and some bleach fields. The herring-fishery in Loch Fine is on an extensive scale.
Largest towns
The Small Isles of Muck/Muick, Rum/Rhum, Canna and Sanday were part of the county, until they were transferred to Inverness-shire in 1891 by the boundary commission appointed under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889. The island of Egg/Eigg was already in Inverness-shire.
(Extracted from Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th ed., Vol. 2, Cambridge, 1910)
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