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Szatmár County Comitatus Szathmariensis (Latin) Szatmár vármegye (Hungarian) Komitat Sathmar (German) Comitatul Sătmar (Romanian)
11th century[citation needed]–1920 After 1876 Szatmár county shared borders with the former Hungarian counties Szabolcs, Bereg, Ugocsa, Máramaros, Szolnok-Doboka, Szilágy and Bihar. It was situated south of the river Tisza. The river Szamos flowed through the county. Its area was 6257 km² around 1910.
In 1920 the Treaty of Trianon assigned most of the territory of the county to Romania, while Velika Palad (formerly Nagypalád) village was passed to Czechoslovakia in 1921 after border adjustment agreement with Romania. According to the agreement also Akli (now Okli) and Fertősalmás (uk) (it was known as Ferkeš-Almaš in Romania and Czechoslovakia, now Fertesolmas) villages were passed to Czechoslovakia; whereas Bocskó (Bočkov in Czech, now Bocicău), Ugocsakomlós (Komlóš in Czech, now Comlăușa), Avaspatak (Suchý Potok in Czech, now Valea Seacă), Nagytarna (Veľkú Terna in Czech, now Tarna Mare) ones and several municipalities in Podkarpat Rus were passed to Romania.
The northwest of the county remained in Hungary, and formed the new county Szatmár-Ugocsa-Bereg with parts of the former Bereg and Ugocsa counties. The capital of this county was Mátészalka, which was previously in Szatmár county. According to First Vienna Award Velika Palad was returned to Hungary but passed to USSR in 1945. Romanian part of it was returned to Hungary by the Second Vienna Award in 1940 until the end of World War II when it became again part of Romania.
After World War II, the county Szatmár-Ugocsa-Bereg was merged with Szabolcs county to form Szabolcs-Szatmár county. This county was renamed Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg in the 1990s.
The Romanian part of the county is now part of the Romanian county Satu Mare, except the easternmost part (including Baia Mare), which is in Maramureş county.
Demographics In 1900, the county had a population of 367,570 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:[2]
Hungarian: 235,015 (63.9%) Romanian: 118,770 (32.3%) German: 11,763 (3.2%) Slovak: 449 (0.1%) Ruthenian: 279 (0.0%) Croatian: 246 (0.0%) Serbian: 20 (0.0%) Other or unknown: 1,028 (0.3%) According to the census of 1900, the county was composed of the following religious communities:[3]
Greek Catholic: 156,063 (42.5%) Calvinist: 118,866 (32.3%) Roman Catholic: 62,803 (17.1%) Jewish: 26,405 (7.2%) Eastern Orthodox: 2,260 (0.6%) Lutheran: 1,049 (0.3%) Unitarian: 40 (0.0%) Other or unknown: 84 (0.0%)
Ethnic map of the county with data of the 1910 census. In 1910, county had a population of 396,632 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:
Hungarian: 268,385 (67.7%) Romanian: 119,760 (30.2%) German: 6,670 (1.7%) Slovak: 425 (0.0%) Ruthenian: 114 (0.0%) Croatian: 66 (0.0%) Serbian: 27 (0.0%) Other or unknown: 1,185 (0.3%) According to the census of 1910, the county was composed of the following religious communities:[5]
Greek Catholic: 168,870 (42.6%) Calvinist: 126,826 (32.0%) Roman Catholic: 67,924 (17.1%) Jewish: 29,468 (7.4%) Eastern Orthodox: 2,202 (0.6%) Lutheran: 1,237 (0.3%) Unitarianist: 46 (0.0%) Other or unknown: 59 (0.0%) Subdivisions In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Szatmár county were:
Szatmár County, 1782–85 Districts (járás) District Capital Nagykároly Nagykároly, ro: Carei Szatmárnémeti Szatmárnémeti, ro: Satu Mare Csenger Csenger Fehérgyarmat Fehérgyarmat Mátészalka Mátészalka Szinérváralja Szinérváralja, ro: Seini Nagybánya Nagybánya, ro: Baia Mare Nagysomkút Nagysomkút, ro: Şomcuta Mare Erdőd Erdőd, ro: Ardud Urban counties (törvényhatósági jogú város) Szatmárnémeti, ro: Satu Mare Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város) Nagykároly, ro: Carei Nagybánya, ro: Baia Mare Felsőbánya, ro: Baia Sprie Csenger, Fehérgyarmat and Mátészalka are now in Hungary; the other towns mentioned are now in Romania. Capital Nagykároly 47°41′N 22°28′ECoordinates: 47°41′N 22°28′E History
• Established 11th century
• Treaty of Trianon 4 June 1920 Area
• 1910 6,287 km2 (2,427 sq mi) Population
• 1910 396,632 Density 63.1 /km2 (163.4 /sq mi) Today part of Romania, Hungary, Ukraine (For village of Velika Palad) Carei is the current name of the capital. Szatmár County (Hungarian: Szatmár vármegye [%CB%88s%C9%92tma%CB%90r ˈvaːrmɛɟɛ]) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in north-western Romania and north-eastern Hungary, south of the river Tisza. The capital of the county was Nagykároly, today called Carei (in Romanian).
Satu Mare County In Hungarian, it is known as Szatmár megye, in German as Kreis Sathmar, in Ukrainian as Сату-Маре, and in Slovak as Satmárska župa.
Coordinates: 47.69°N 22.89°ECoordinates: 47.69°N 22.89°E Country Romania Development region Nord-Vest Historical region Crișana, Maramureș Capital Satu Mare
Szatmár megye (Satu Mare) Satu Mare in Romania.svg Szatmár megye címere Szatmár megye címere Adatok Ország Románia Régió Partium Megyeszékhely Szatmárnémeti Jelzés SM Terület 4418 km² Körzethívószám (+40) 261 Népesség Népesség 344 360 fő (2011)[1] +/- Népsűrűség 78 fő/km² Térkép Szatmár megye Máramaros megye Szilágy megyeBihar megyeSzabolcs-Szatmár- Bereg megyeKárpátaljaSZATMÁRNÉMETINagykárolyTasnádAvasfelsőfaluErdődSárközSzamosTúrKrasznaAvas-hg.Kőhát-hg. Szilágysági- Bükk Berettyó-d.A l f ö l dE58E81E671 Megyei tanács weboldala Prefektúra weboldala Szatmár megye (románul: Județul Satu Mare, németül: Kreis Sathmar) Románia északnyugati részén helyezkedik el. A mai Partium (Részek) területéhez tartozik, noha történelmileg nem volt annak része. Székhelye Szatmárnémeti. Szomszédos megyék: keleten Máramaros megye, délen Bihar megye és Szilágy megye, nyugaton Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg megye (Magyarország), északon Ukrajna. Area
• Total 4,418 km2 (1,706 sq mi) Area rank 36th Population (2007)[1]
• Total 366,270
• Rank 31st
• Density 83/km2 (210/sq mi) Telephone code (+40) 261 or (+40) 361[2] ISO 3166 code RO-SM Website County Council Prefecture Satu Mare County (Romanian: Județul Satu Mare, pronounced [%CB%8Csatu ˈmare]) is a county (județ) of Romania on the border with Hungary and Ukraine. The capital city is Satu Mare. Besides Romanians (58.8% of the population), Satu Mare features a significant ethnic minority of Hungarians (35.2%). In 2002, Satu Mare County had a population of 367,281 and the population density was 83/km².[3][4]
Romanians – 58.8% Hungarians – 35.2% Roma – 3.7% Germans (Sathmar Swabians) – 1.7% Ukrainians, Slovaks, other In 2011, its population was 329,079 and population density was 74.48/km².[3][5]
Romanians – 57.73% Hungarians – 34.5% Roma – 5.32% Germans (Sathmar Swabians) – 1.51% Rusyns, Ukrainians, Slovaks, other Hungarians mostly reside along the border with Hungary, but some are also scattered throughout the whole county. Historically, Hungarians were concentrated in the cities, where administration resides, while the Romanian population was larger in the villages throughout the county. In 1930 the Hungarians were representing 41,9% of the urban population in Satu Mare County and only 20,0% of the population in the villages according to census data.[6] The proportion of different ethnic groups varied throughout the history, due to regime and political changes. After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 the Hungarian population increased its proportion greatly, in 1880 representing 44.4% and in 1910 reaching 55.1% of the county population, according to Árpád E. Varga. After World War I the Hungarian and German population declined.
- Year County population Romanians Hungarians Germans
- 1880[8] 194,326 76,668 95,681 13,449
- 1890 216,158 85,663 114,836 14,030
- 1900 245,855 93,591 138,086 12,165
- 1910 267,310 92,264 166,369 6,709
- 1920 262,937 124,476 81,242 34,982
- 1930 294,875 178,523 74,191 9,530
- 1948 312,672
- 1956 337,531 180,930 145,880 3,588
- 1966 359,393
- 1977 393,840
- 1992 400,789
- 2002 367,281
- 2004 371,759
- 2007 366,270 This county has a total area of 4,418 square kilometres (1,706 sq mi).
In the north are the Oaș Mountains, part of the Eastern Carpathians. This makes up around 17% of the area. The remainder is hills, forming 20% of the area, and plains. The western county takes up the Eastern part of the Pannonian Plain.
The county is crossed by the Someș River and also Tur River and Crasna River.
The county lies partly in the historical region of Maramureș and partly in the historical region of Crișana.
Neighbours Romanian Counties Maramureș County in the East. Hungary in the West – Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County. Ukraine in the North – Zakarpattia Oblast. Bihor County and Sălaj County in the South. It is a member of the Carpathian euroregion.
Satu Mare County benefits from its position, close to the border of Romania with Hungary and Ukraine, and it is one of the places which attracts foreign investment in industry and agriculture.
The predominant industries in the county are:
Textiles industry. Machine and automotive components. Food industry. Wood and furniture industry.