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Earl Hugh created several hereditary baronies. His first barons were:
- Eustace of Mold, Baron of Hawarden, Flint, Hereditary Steward
- William FitzNiel, Baron of Halton Hereditary Constable and Marshal, whose descendants took the name de Lacy and became Earls of Lincoln in 1232
- William Malbank, Baron of Nantwich
- Robert FitzHugh, Baron of Malpas, supposedly the illegitimate son of Earl Hugh (if this is true then he became a monk) - was succeeded in the Earl's lifetime by David le Clerk de Malpas, alias Egerton, ancestor of the Egerton Family
- Hamon de Massey, Baron of Dunham-Massey, owner of the manors of Agden, Baguley, Bowdon, Dunham, Hale and Little Bollington, taking over from the Saxon thegn Aelfward according to the Domesday Book
- Richard de Vernon, Baron of Shipbrook
- Gilbert de Venables, Baron of Kinderton
Biography of Earl Hugh: http://chester.shoutwiki.com/wiki/Hugh_of_Avranches
A county palatine or palatinate[1] was an area ruled by a hereditary nobleman possessing special authority and autonomy from the rest of a kingdom or empire. The name derives from the Latin adjective palatinus, "relating to the palace", from the noun palatium, "palace".[2][3] It thus implies the exercise of a quasi-royal prerogative within a county, that is to say a jurisdiction ruled by an earl, the English equivalent of a count. A duchy palatinate is similar but is ruled over by a duke, a nobleman of higher precedence than an earl or count. The nobleman swore allegiance to the king yet had the power to rule the county largely independently of the king. It should therefore be distinguished from the feudal barony, held from the king, which possessed no such independent authority. Rulers of counties palatine did however create their own feudal baronies, to be held directly from them in capite, such as the Barony of Halton.[4] County palatine jurisdictions were created in England under the rule of the Norman dynasty. On continental Europe, they have an earlier date. In general, when a palatine-type autonomy was granted to a lord by the sovereign, it was in a district on the periphery of the kingdom, at a time when the district was at risk from disloyal armed insurgents who could retreat beyond the borders and re-enter. For the English sovereign in Norman times this applied to northern England, Wales and Ireland. As the authority granted was hereditary, some counties palatine legally survived well past the end of the feudal period.
Profiles of the Barons and the history of the Principate.
https://books.google.com/books?id=-L-skqOw7QoC&pg=PA52&lpg=PA52&dq=...
List of Cstles in Cheshire: http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_castles_in_Cheshire
Family names: https://books.google.com/books?id=eYsUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA272&lpg=PA272&d...
Barons Malpas ( St. Pierre, Malpas, Brereton)
http://archive.org/stream/breretonsofchesh00brer/breretonsofchesh00...
http://www.ancientwalesstudies.org/id152.html
Barons Kinderton ( Venables, Duttons)
Barons Shipbrook (de Vernon, Vernon)
Barons Dunham Massy (de Masci, Massey, baguley, Baggiley )
Barons Nantwich (Malbank, de Praers, Fouleshurst, Cholmondeley, Bostock, De Warin) http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nantwich_Castle
https://books.google.com/books?id=c9U1AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA22&lpg=PA22&dq=...
Barons Halton ( de Lacey, Bolingbroke)
Rhuddlan and Mold ( Edwin, Llewellyn ap Gruffyd, Mostyn, de Praers, Percy, Brereton)
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwin_of_Tegeingl
https://books.google.com/books?id=WQ6wkDw8DnUC&pg=PA444&lpg=PA444&d...
https://books.google.com/books?id=PBr_sWiZ4n0C&pg=PR20&lpg=PR20&dq=...
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Sheriff_of_Flintshire
Stockport was the first Barony created. ( de Stockport, Warren, Baguley, de Cheadle, de Hyde, de Baggyley, de Dene, Despenser, de Honford, de Offerton, de Bromhale, de Montalt, de Eaton, de Ardern. Eustace de Montalt was the first Baron appointed by Hugh Lupus.
.https://books.google.com/books?id=VKFfAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA548&lpg=PA548&d...
https://books.google.com/books?id=VwMcAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA333&lpg=PA333&d...
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Barons Durham
William the Conqueror founded the County Palatine of Durham, ruled by the Prince-bishops of Durham and the County Palatine of Chester, ruled by the Earls of Chester. Chester had its own parliament, consisting of barons of the county, and was not represented in the parliament of England until 1543,[5] while it retained some of its special privileges until 1830. The earldom of Chester has since 1301 been associated with the title of Prince of Wales which is reserved for the heir apparent to the throne or crown of the UK (or the throne of England, as it was then).
Update: there may have been 9 original baronies. See the photo from Brereton Hall.