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Patil (Marathi: पाटील, Kannada: ಪಾಟೀಲ) (meaning "head" or "chief") is an Indian title or surname native to Maharashtra and Karnataka. Many Patils were warriors in the Maratha army. Patil is also a surname in Maratha.
"Patil" is predominantly used by the Deccan, Vidarbha and Maratha people of Maharashtra and those who migrated to Karnataka. The native language of most Patils is predominantly either Marathi or Kannada. Traditionally, Patils had assistants such as the talati or kulkarni to assist them with the clerical work involved in the collection of revenue in their areas of control.
The word Patil is a variant of Patel.
'Patil' meant 'group' or "branch" during the regime of Mahmud Begada. 'Patt'barhate meant "part of the land" and 'Patidar' meant "Tax Collector". 'Patil' meant "chief of the village".