Joshua “Old Jock” Perkins - Joshua Perkins Y-DNA

I have proof because the perkins are English those are my direct maternal lines as well as old jock is my 6th and my mom and uncles 5th gr grandfather which i have plenty of dna too that are on gedmatch group project as well as ancestry thru lines.

Y dna is not a accurate study everyone knows you get more maternal dna from your mom on both sides. As well as a company that messes with snps i do not trust

Not talking about maternal line. Talking about direct male line.

Direct male line only looks at your father, your father's father, etc.

This is what a Y-DNA test can tell you:

"Your Y-DNA matches will share a common ancestor with you on your direct paternal line. That common ancestor can be recent (within a generation or two) or more distant (living up to a 1000 years ago or so). The tools and data gained through a Y-DNA test can help you learn more about your patrilineal family history.

Discover your relatives' paternal country of origin.

Identify paternal earliest known ancestors.

View and explore the Family Trees of your matches."

Y-DNA tests can't tell you about your direct maternal line. A mtDNA test would need to be done.

I've found the article about Esther Perkins that you are talking about and this is what Dr. Louis Gates had to say. Looks like Esther may have been the mother of Joshua Perkins.

"The original document in question, dated July 8, 1730, reads “Thomas Blair Gent. Came in to court & assumed to pay the fine of Esther Perkins for having a Bastard Child.” The entry does not state that the child was mixed-race, though the fact that she was required to pay a fine to the church wardens for having the child may suggest that Esther was white and the child was born of a black or mulatto man—a scenario the law penalized.

The laws in Virginia stated that the status of the child (whether he or she was free or enslaved) followed that of the mother, so it’s of little surprise that there were no such punishments for black women having children out of wedlock with white men.

It seems probable that since Esther Perkins was required to pay a fine for her out-of-wedlock offspring, the child was mixed-race. The record four years later indicating that Joshua and Darky Perkins were bounded out to James Gibson also follows this law that the children should then be bounded out for the benefit of the church. All of this suggests that Esther Perkins was a white woman who had mixed-race children."

https://www.theroot.com/tracing-your-roots-untangle-my-redbone-heri...

Oops...missed the part where Dr. Louis Gates stated this:

"If they were orphans in the sense that both parents were deceased, it would mean that Esther could not have mothered three younger children that Heinegg attributes to her. However, as genealogist Robert Baird notes, the term “orphan” was mostly applied to fatherless children, regardless of whether the mother was still living. This would also be the case for children whose fathers are unknown or are not free themselves to be the guardian of their child. With this in mind, the term “orphan” used in these documents is likely not indicating that their mother is dead but, rather, that either their father is dead or he is not in a position to be their guardian and they are therefore the wards of the church."

I guess it's also possible that Esther Perkins might not have been Joshua's mother, if I'm understanding Dr. Gates's article correctly. Regardless, he appears to be related to the Driggers family paternally.

Thank you. I'll check it out.

Very good.

FREE AFRICAN AMERICANS OF VIRGINIA, NORTH CAROLINA, SOUTH CAROLINA, MARYLAND AND DELAWARE

http://freeafricanamericans.com/

Great Read and very informative.

http://freeafricanamericans.com/Virginia_NC.htm

Especially read NASH-PETERS (includes PERKINS FAMILY)

4. Joshua 1 Perkins (Esther 1) note: Joshua Perkins was the son of Esther 1 Perkins.
In 1858 there was a trial where Joshua's great-grandson, Jacob F. Perkins, sued John R.
White for slander because he called him a "free Negro."

T.A.R. Nelson was Jacob Perkins' trial lawyer. Nelson took many notes and summitted
many dispositions.
This is the trial where Joshua was referred to as Joshua/Jock (later to be known as "Old
Jock")

Also in part: Eighteen elderly deponents, many who had known the family when they lived
near the Pee Dee River in South Carolina (where Joshua had apparently moved after
selling his Bladen County land), deposed that they had known Joshua / Jock and his
children:
George, Jacob, Joshua, Isaac, Lewis, and Polly. He kept race horses and a ferry by Roan's
Creek and associated with "decent, respectable" white people like Landon Carter. In 1785
he moved back to North Carolina; in 1793 married, apparently for the second time, Mary/
Polly Black who was fair skinned, called a Scotch woman; (Old Jock) and died on 10 April
1801 [The Perkins File in the T.A.R. Nelson Papers in the Calvin M. McClung Collection at
the East Tennessee Historical Center, depositions of Anna Graves and John J. Wilson].
He was apparently the Joshua Perkins who was in Marlboro County on 2 September 1791
when the court allowed him £3 for the support (probably during an illness) of his wife (Mary,
NOT Mary P. Black) who the court record referred to as Elenor [Minutes 1785-1807, n.p.].
However, she gave her name as Mary Perkins when she testified in Marlboro County on 22
October 1792 that:

Isaac Perkins & Lewis Perkins of said County are her children and that she believes her
Grandmother was a white woman.
And that no part of her family was ever considered or believed as being under the
disabilities of he law so as to make them liable to pay public Tax any sooner than the
whitest man in this State.

Note that Joshua "Old Jock" married his second wife, Mary Polly Black in 1793. His first
wife Mary died in 1792, AND this Mary was the mother of Old Jock's children, NOT Mary
Polly Black, because she was YOUNGER than Old Jock's youngest child, so many people
have incorrectly listed this on their trees, and it really has mine all messed up, because I
can't delete incorrect information from my tree.

Also, NOWHERE is it found to be true that an Unknown Driggers is Old Jock's father. It is widely speculated that this is true, but more Y-DNA from father/son Driggers ancestors must be done.

Mary Ann, you are correct in so many ways.

Erica Howton, Esther ll is the daughter of Esther 1

Erica Howton, No wrinkle on my believes, I have gotten most of my information from who I consider the experts, Joshua "Old Jock" Perkins Family Research Facebook group. Those people have been researching Old Jock for many many years. Much money, time, visits to research court house records and newspaper archives have been put into their effort.

BTW, Esther 1 's last name is UNKNOWN and her parents are also UNKNOWN.

Definitely true that more DNA testing needs to be done. Still an ongoing DNA project.

Erica, My fault for not clarifying more, Esther Perkins I with unknown parents. From What I have been able to assert is, "Was Perkins her parents name OR someone she was indentured to?"
I am researching this.

Revision Tab shows a merge this morning and it needs a reversal.

The unmerge of this mornings merge will likely fix these errors: Joshua “Old Jock” Perkins born after the death of his mother Esther Perkins ll.Arcadia Perkins born after the death of his mother Esther Perkins ll.James Jemmy Perkins born after the death of his mother Esther Perkins ll.Abram Nimrod Perkins born after the death of his mother Esther Perkins ll.Cady Perkins born after the death of his mother Esther Perkins ll.