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Recceswinth[1] (died 1 September 672) was the Visigothic King of Hispania, and Septimania in 649–672. He ruled jointly with his father Chindaswinth until his father's death in 653.
His Gothic name is believed to have been *𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌸𐍃 (*Raikaswinþs), from the roots reiks ("king") and swinþs ("strong"). His votive crown used the Latin spelling RECCESVINTHVS. Other Latin spellings include Recceswinthus, Recesvindus. In English his name is also spelled Reccesuinth, Recceswint, Reccaswinth; Spanish Recesvinto; Portuguese Recesvindo; German Rekkeswint; French Réceswinthe.[2]
Under Recceswinth, the Visigothic Kingdom enjoyed an unbroken peace for 19 years (653–672) — except for a brief rebellion of the Vascons, led by a noble named "Froya," an exiled Goth, who fleeing the monarch’s persecutions had settled, like many others, in Basque territory. Froya and the Vascons ravaged the lands of the Ebro Valley, looted churches, murdered clerics, and laid siege to the city of Saragossa. Recceswinth reacted, broke the siege, and killed Froya".[3]
Beginning in 654 Recceswinth was responsible for the promulgation of a law code, Liber Iudiciorum, to replace the Breviary of Alaric; he placed a Visigothic common law over both Goths and Hispano-Romans in the kingdom. This Liber Iudiciorum showed little Germanic influence, adhering more closely to the old Roman laws.[citation needed] In his general law code of 654, he outlawed a set of essential Jewish practices, including male circumcision, dietary laws (kashrut), marriage laws and ceremonies, and the celebration of Passover.[4]
Moreover, the church councils in the Visigothic capital Toledo (Toletum) became the most powerful force in the government and the bishops were the primary support of the monarchy. Will Durant wrote in The Age of Faith: "By their superior education and organization they dominated the nobles who sat with them in the ruling councils of Toledo; and though the king's authority was theoretically absolute, and he chose the bishops, these councils elected him, and exacted pledges of policy in advance."[citation needed]
Recceswinth died on 1 September 672, just before the first Arab raid on Hispania Baetica.[5]
Chindasuinth was succeeded by his eldest son, Recceswinth, who continued his reforms. A younger son, Theodofred, was blinded by Wamba.
SPAIN: VANDALS, SUEVI & VISIGOTHS". fmg.ac. Retrieved 2023-01-11
Votive crown of Recceswinth, as found in the treasure of Guarrazar, Spain.
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600
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Spain
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672 |
September 1, 672
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Villa of Gérticos, Wamba, Valladolid, Castille and Leon, Spain
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