2nd Lt. Daniel Seymour Stuart, (CSA)

Ben M. Angel's summary of Daniel S. Stuart's Civil War experience:

On 5 January 1861, when the Nashville Daily Gazette proclaimed, "The people of the South are preparing for their next highest duty - resistance to coercion or invasion," much of the state of Tennessee was still opposed to secession. Two days later, Governor Isham G. Harris convened an emergency session of the Tennessee General Assembly in that city, calling the Republican Party, at the time having just taken the White House with their candidate Abraham Lincoln, "uncompromisingly hostile" to the interest of all 15 Southern states. He called for a State Convention on Secession, which the General Assembly agreed to only with the support of a popular vote.

On February 9, the state voted against holding a secessionist convention by a margin of 54 percent. Patriotism held sway in the state for much of the following month, though it would be worn down to some degree by the newspapers.

On April 12, acting on behalf of the newly-seceded State of South Carolina, Brigadier General P.G.T. Beauregard opened fire on Fort Sumter, and a day later, the Federal troops on the island surrendered the fort, agreeing to evacuate it. On April 15, President Abraham Lincoln called for 75,000 troops to be deployed to recapture seized forts, protect Washington, DC, and "preserve the Union." In the week that followed, secessionist sentiment in states such as Tennessee exploded. Historian Daniel Crofts described the sea-change in the political atmosphere:

"Soon after April 15, a dismayed (Congressman Horace) Maynard reported that 'the President's extraordinary proclamation' had unleashed 'a tornado of excitement that seems likely to sweep us all away.' Men who had 'heretofore been cool, firm, and Union-loving,' had become 'perfectly wild' and were 'aroused to a frenzy of passion.' For what purpose, they asked, could such an army be wanted 'but to invade, overrun, and subjugate the Southern states." The growing war spirit in the North further convinced southerners that they would have to 'fight for our hearthstones and the security of home.'"

At this point, it was likely that Daniel S. Stuart, age 27, volunteered as an officer among the men of Gallatin under Captain (later General) William Brimmage Bate, a veteran of the Mexican War and law graduate from Cumberland University at Lebanon, who sought to join in the defense of Tennessee (even before its official secession on June 24).

On May 6, the newly-promoted Colonel Bate formed his new Regiment at Nashville. They must have departed immediately because in six days, they reported to Colonel E. Kirby Smith for duty at Lynchburg, Virginia, 470 miles away (at 80 miles a day, they couldn't have marched that, so some rail travel was no doubt involved - likely route Nashville - Chattanooga - Lynchburg). They were the second unit to have arrived to report for duty (Maney's Regiment barely beat them), and so were given the designation as the 2nd Tennessee Regiment.

Captain Joseph P. Tyree was 2nd Lieutenant Stuart's company commander, probably as early as their departure from Nashville. First Lieutenant Lycurqus Charlton was designated second-in-command. Second Lieutenant Stuart was likely the next in command at the start of the fighting.

The unit was deployed under General Beauregard along the Virginia shore of the lower Potomac River. Alongside the First Arkansas Regiment, they supported several batteries of Brigadier General Theophilus H. Holmes' brigade on the far right wing of Beauregard's army, and came under fire from Union gunboats on June 1.

At the end of the month, the unit was redeployed to Fredericksburg, where they boarded boats and descended down the Rappahanock River in an effort to capture the Federal mail packet. They succeeded in taking the ships Saint-Nicholas, the coffee-ladened Halifax, and the ice-laden Mary of Virginia.

Their first serious combat would come a little more than two months after the unit mustered at Lynchburg. Holmes' brigade was deployed to Manassas, and arrived at Signal Hill (above the Orange and Alexandria Railroad where it crossed Bull Run at Union Mills, well to the east of what would become the main battlefield) just two days before the Battle of Bull Run on July 21. They were tasked with the support of Brigadier General Richard S. Ewell's brigade, who was supposed to make a demonstration attack (or a feint), drawing Union troops from an offensive being carried out on Beauregard. Because of poor communications, Ewell was ordered to hold Union Mills, while Holmes received no orders at all.

It was from Signal Hill that the first wig-wag semaphore signal was used in combat, when Captain Edward Porter Alexander warned Colonel Nathan "Shanks" Evans: "Look out for your left, your position is turned," thereby preserving the last line of defense for the Confederates that morning. Nonetheless, Brigadier General Daniel Tyler had managed to rout these rebels and send them in retreat to Henry House Hill, where Colonel Thomas J. Jackson would earn his nickname of "Stonewall".

Daniel Stuart's unit supposedly came under heavy fire while shifting positions in the afternoon - uncertain as to exactly where this took place. Certainly, more attention during that day went to the unit of another Stuart - James Ewell Brown, or Jeb, Stuart (relationship unknown). After the battle, commanding general Beauregard would be promoted to full general by Confederate President Jefferson Davis. The "Stars and Bars" Confederate Battle Flag (designed by Nicola Marschall of Marion, Alabama) would also be adopted to reduce future battlefield confusion in further battles.

Late summer 1861 would prove less exciting. It would not be until September 13 that the 2nd Tennessee Regiment was transferred to Colonel J.G. Walker's Brigade at Fredericksburg to fight alongside the 1st Arkansas and the 12th North Carolina Volunteer Infantry Regiments. The unit would then be transferred again to new duty in Evansport (present Quantico), Virginia, on December 30, joining the brigade of Brigadier General Samuel G. French, alongside the 2nd Arkansas, 35th Georgia, 22nd North Carolina, and 47th Virginia infantry regiments. Much of the duty in late 1861 and early 1862 was erection of batteries and other defenses.

On 9 February 1862, the 2nd Tennessee was relieved of duty in Virginia (alongside the 1st and 3rd regiments) and ordered to return to its home state to prepare for its defense. On February 16, Fort Donelson fell during Ulysses S. Grant's winter offensive, rendering western Tennessee and the Deep South open to attack. Members were given furlough at this time, including 2nd Lieutenant Stuart, who was sent home to obtain new clothes (presumably replacing uniforms that were damaged or destroyed in Virginia). He never returned to his regiment.

The 2nd Tennessee Regiment rallied at Huntsville, Alabama at the end of March 1862 and reorganized on April 2. From there, it continued on to Corinth, Mississippi, where it would suffer its first significant losses (65 percent of the unit killed, wounded, or missing) at the Battle of Shiloh on 6-7 April 1862. Colonel Bate would be severely wounded (and later promoted once recovered, never again leading his regiment) and Captain Tyree killed - Lieutenant Colonel David L. Goodall of Sumner County replaced the colonel. Acting Captain Charlton, his successor in battle, lost an arm and was relieved of his command - Abraham B. Schell replacing him. Corporal John W. House was brevetted as a 2nd Lieutenant and would later become Captain. First Sargent George W. Barkely died at Shiloh.

On 10 April 1862, Daniel S. Stuart resigned. The reasons are unknown, but it could have a lot to do with Shiloh. He may also have become concerned about the defense of his family's property and well-being in Sumner County, as Tennessee was suddenly on the front line. Under equally mysterious reasons, he died on 13 February 1865, perhaps three months after Nashville was again under Union control.

From the United States Census, 1850 for Daniel Stuart: https://beta.familysearch.org/s/recordDetails/show?uri=http://pilot...

Name Daniel Stuart

Residence Sumner county, Sumner, Tennessee

Age 17 years Calculated Birth Year 1833 Birthplace Tennessee Gender Male

Film Number 444853 Digital GS Number 4206054 Image Number 00585 Line Number 11 Dwelling House Number 100 Family Number 100

Clarisa Stuart F 46y Penelope Stuart F 20y

1. Daniel Stuart M 17y 2. James Stuart M 14y 3. Susan Stuart F 11y 4. William Stuart M 9y 5. Stephen Stuart M 5y

Following information was submitted by Jo Ann Stuart Turman (descendant): http://www.txgenweb7.org/txrains/JamesRStuartClarissaMitchenerFamil...

James R. Stuart & Clarissa Mitchener Family Resided in Sumner Co. TN, c1790 - c1855 Stephen James Stuart's parents

Name: Daniel Seymour STUART

Born: Dec 29 1833 - Sumner Co., TN

Died: Feb 13, 1865

Location: 2nd Lieutenant, Robison's Tennessee Infantry, Co. I

Sources: Census records Rains Co., Wood Co., Smith Co., Hunt Co., Hopkins Co.TX. Census records for Sumner Co. TN. Census records for St. Clair Co. MO. Death records, SSDI records, personal information , photos provided by family members and Stuart family bible.

From the page on 2ND (BATE'S) TENNESSEE INFANTRY REGIMENT, PACS, also called 2nd Confederate Infantry Regiment: http://www.tngenweb.org/civilwar/csainf/bates.html

Records filed as 2nd (Robison's) Tennessee Infantry Regiment.

Organized at Nashville, Tennessee, May 6, 1861; mustered into Confederate service at Lynchburg, Virginia, May 12, 1861; merged into 4th Consolidated Tennessee Infantry Regiment April, 1865; paroled at Greensboro, North Carolina May 1, 1865.

FIELD OFFICERS

Colonels-William B. Bate, W. D. Robison

Lieutenant Colonels-David L. Goodall, John A. Butler, William J Hale

Majors-William R. Doak, William T. Driver, W. H. Wilkinson

CAPTAINS

William B. Bate, Joe P. Tyree, Lycurgus Charlton, John W. House, Co. "I". Men from Gallatin, Sumner County.

Almost immediately after organization the regiment moved to Lynchburg, Virginia, where it was mustered into Confederate service by Colonel E. Kirby Smith, being the second regiment from Tennessee to be mustered into the Confederate service, whence it derived its name as the 2nd Confederate Infantry Regiment.

AQUIA CREEK: The regiment was first under fire at Aquia Creek, Virginia, on June 1, 1861, where it supported Confederate batteries in an engagement with Federal warships. It was then placed in the brigade commanded by Brigadier General Theophilus H. Holmes, along with the 1st Arkansas Infantry Regiment, which brigade constituted the extreme right wing of General Pierre G. T. Beauregard's Army.

RAPPAHANOCK RIVER: About the last of June, the regiment was ordered to Fredericksburg to embark on an expedition down the Rappahanock River which resulted in the capture of the Federal mail packet, the Saint Nicholas, the Halifax, laden with coffee, and the Mary of Virginia, laden with ice.

MANASSAS: On July 19, 1861, the brigade joined Beauregard's forces at Manassas, preparatory to the battle of July 21. Holmes' Brigade was placed in support of Brigadier General Richard S. Ewell's Brigade, and was not actively engaged in the fighting, although it came under heavy fire while shifting position in the afternoon of the battle.

REAR ECHELON DUTY: On September 13, 1861, the regiment was transferred to Colonel J. G. Walker's Brigade, stationed at Fredericksburg, along with the 1st Arkansas and the 12th North Carolina Volunteer Infantry Regiments. It remained in this brigade until December 30, 1861, when it moved to Evansport, now Quantico, Virginia, and was placed in the brigade commanded by Brigadier General Samuel G. French, in company with the 2nd Arkansas Infantry Battalion, the 35th Georgia, 22nd North Carolina, and 47th Vfrginia Infantry Regiments. Here the regiment assisted in the erection of batteries and other defenses.

REENLISTMENT: In February, 1862 the regiment re-enlisted for three years, or the duration of the war.

TENNESSEE: The regiment ended its service in the Virginia theatre on February 9, 1862, when, along with the 1st (Maney's) and 3rd (Vaughn's) Tennessee Infantry Regiments, it was ordered to Knoxville to assist in the defenses of East Tennessee.

ALABAMA: The fall of Fort Donelson on February 16 necessitated a change in plans, and, after a brief furlough, the regiment rendezvoused at Huntsville, Alabama, about the last of March, 1862. It reorganized on April 2, 1862, and moved to Corinth, Mississippi, to take part in the Battle of Shiloh, April 6-7, 1862.

SHILOH: At Shiloh, the regiment was placed in Brigadier General Patrick R. Cleburne's Brigade, together with the 15th Arkansas, the 6th Mississippi, the 5th (later 35th), 23rd, and 24th Tennessee Infantry regiments. This brigade was in Major General William J. Hardee's Corps. Colonel Bate reported that his regiment entered the battle with only 365 effectives. Colonel Bate was severely wounded, and many of the other officers killed and wounded in a charge on the first day of the battle, and the command of the regiment fell upon Lieutenant Colonel Goodall. On the second day, the 2nd Tennessee and the 13th Arkansas regiments were temporarily assigned to Brigadier General A. P. Stewart's brigade. In the two days' fighting, the regiment lost 235 men killed, wounded and missing, almost two-thirds of those engaged.

Before Colonel Bate recovered from his wounds, he was promoted to brigadier general, and later to major general, and never resumed command of the regiment. Lieutenant Colonel Goodall resigned, and Captain John A. Butler was elected lieutenant colonel, and commanded the regiment until he was killed in the Battle of Richmond, Kentucky.

RICHMOND KENTUCKY: The regiment remained in Cleburne's Brigade until just before the Battle of Muifreesboro December 31, 1862. During this time, it took part in the siege of Corinth, the withdrawal to Tupelo, Mississippi, and the movement to Chattanooga, Tennessee. When General Bragg started on his invasion of Kentucky, Cleburne's Brigade was detached for a time to operate with Major General E. Kirby Smith, and was with General Smith at the Battle of Richmond, Kentucky, on August 30, 1862. Here Clebume was in command of a division, and Colonel Benjamin J. Hill was in active command of the brigade. In the Battle of Richmond, the regiment entered the fight with 300 men, and lost in casualties 112 men, including its commander, Lieutenant Colonel John A. Butler.

From Edwin L. Ferguson's history of the 2nd (Bates) Tennessee Infantry Regiment, Company I: http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~tnsumner/sumnfg2i.htm

Daniel S. Stuart - 2nd Lt. Sent back from Virginia to Tennessee for clothing. Resigned April 10, 1862.

(He later died on 13 February 1865, reasons unknown.)