Augusta Hall, Baroness Llanover

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augusta_Hall,_Baroness_Llanover

Augusta Hall, Baroness Llanover (21 March 1802 – 17 January 1896), born Augusta Waddington, was a Welsh heiress, best known as a patron of the Welsh arts.

Early life

She was born near Abergavenny, the youngest daughter of Benjamin Waddington of Ty Uchaf, Llanover and his wife, Georgina Port. She was the heiress to the Llanover estate in Monmouthshire.

Marriage

In 1823, Augusta became the wife of Benjamin Hall. Their marriage joined the large South Wales estates of Llanover and Abercarn.

Hall (1802–1867, after whom "Big Ben" is said to have been named, as he was Commissioner of Works in 1855 when it was built), was for some years Member of Parliament for Monmouth, but transferred to a London seat just prior to the Newport Rising which brought with it a turbulent time in Monmouthshire. He was created a baronet in 1838, and entered the House of Lords in 1859 under Prime Minister Palmerston as Baron Llanover. However, his wife overshadowed him in life and subsequent reputation.

Llanover Hall

In 1828, the couple commissioned Thomas Hopper to build Llanover Hall for them. It was designed as a kind of arts centre as well as a family home.

Lady Llanover had always been interested in Celtic Studies. Her sister, Frances, had previously married a German ambassador to Great Britain, Baron Bunsen, whose social circle was also interested in Celtic subjects and culture.

Lady Llanover was greatly influenced by the local bard, Thomas Price, whom she met at a local Eisteddfod in 1826. Carnhuanawc taught her the Welsh language; she took the bardic name "Gwenynen Gwent", ('the bee of Gwent'). She became an early member of Cymreigyddion y Fenni. Her Welsh was never considered fluent but she was an extremely enthusiastic proponent of all things Welsh. She structured her household at Llanover Hall on what she considered to be Welsh traditions and gave all her staff Welsh titles and Welsh costume to wear.

Her husband shared her concern for the preservation of the heritage of Wales, and campaigned for the Welsh to be able to hear church services conducted in the Welsh language.

'Welsh Costume'

At the Cardiff Eisteddfod of 1834, she won first prize for her essay on The Advantages resulting from the Preservation of the Welsh language and National Costume of Wales which was published in Welsh and English in 1836. She probably commissioned a series of watercolours of Welsh costumes which illustrate costumes worn by women in south Wales and Cardiganshire, 13 of which were reproduced as hand-coloured prints soon after 1834 (but were not published with the essay). These were little more than fashion prints for herself and friends to create dresses for themselves and their servants to be worn on special occasions, especially fancy dress balls. Although she was keen to see the women of Wales dressed in home-spun Welsh wool rather than the light cheap cottons which were becoming popular by the 1830s, there is very little evidence to show that she had any influence on the wearing of Welsh costume other than by her servants, family and friends, and there is no firm evidence to suggest that she influenced what was later adopted as the national costume of Wales. She did encourage the production of traditional stripes and checks in woollen cloth and offered prizes for good examples of these at Eisteddfodau, but there were few entrants, with the weaver of Gwenfrwd mill, on her own estate, taking many of the prizes.

Other achievements In 1850, she helped found Y Gymraes ("The Welshwoman"), the first Welsh-language periodical for women. Her other interests included cookery (on which she published a book) and folk music; she encouraged the production and use of the traditional Welsh triple harp, employing a resident harpist at Llanover Hall.

She was a patron of the Welsh Manuscripts Society, of the Welsh Collegiate Institution at Llandovery, funded the compilation of a Welsh dictionary by Daniel Silvan Evans. She bought Welsh manuscripts of Taliesin Williams, Taliesin ab Iolo and the collection of Iolo Morganwg (Edward Williams) (now held in the National Museum of Wales in Cardiff).

She collaborated with Welsh musicians such as Maria Jane Williams, a noted harpist, vocalist and guitar player and Henry Brinley Richards, a noted composer best known for writing "God Bless the Prince of Wales", and herself produced a Collection of Welsh Airs.

Temperance movement

Another main interest of hers was the temperance movement to which end she closed all the public houses on her estate, sometimes opening a modest temperance inn in their place, such as Y Seren Gobaith ('the Star of Hope') temperance inn, which replaced the Red Lion at Llanellen. She was an outspoken and lifelong critic of the evils of alcohol. Closely associated with her temperance work was religion in the form of militant Protestantism and she endowed two Calvinistic Methodist churches in the Abercarn area, with services conducted in the Welsh language, but a liturgy based on the Book of Common Prayer.

She outlived her husband by nearly thirty years, living well into her nineties. Only one of their daughters survived to adulthood: Augusta, who in 1846 married an Arthur Jones of Llanarth, of an old Roman Catholic family. Their son, Ivor Herbert, 1st Baron Treowen, became a Major-General during the First World War.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The Right Honourable Sir Benjamin HALL 1st Baron Lord Llandover, M.P, P.C. and The Right Honourable Augusta WADDINGTON were married.

The Right Honourable Augusta WADDINGTON was born on 21 Mar 1802.

Notes from Wikipedia:

Lady LLANOVER, formerly Augusta Hall a Welsh heiress best known as a patron of the arts.

The heiress to the Llanover estate, Augusta became the wife of Benjamin Hall the younger (who gave his name to Big Ben the bell in St. Stephen's Tower at the Houses of Parliament).

Hall was created Baron Llanover in 1859. Lady Llanover was greatly influenced by the local bard Thomas Price who taught her the Welsh language. She took the bardic name 'Gwenynen Gwent'. Her interest in costume led

her to standardise the design of the Welsh national costume, an action for which she was subsequently criticised.

In 1950 she helped found 'Y Gymraes 'The Welshwoman' the first Welsh-language periodical for women. Her other interests included cooker (on which she published a book) and folk music. She encouraged the production and use of the traditional Welsh triple harp.

She was born near Abergavenny, the youngest daughter of Benjamin Waddington of Ty Uchaf, Llanover and his wife, Georgina Port. She was the heiress to the Llanover estate in Monmouthshire.

In 1823, Augusta became the wife of Benjamin Hall. Their marriage joined the large South Wales estates of Llanover and Abercarn.

Hall (1802–1867, after whom "Big Ben" is said to have been named, as he was Commissioner of Works in 1855 when it was built), was for some years Member of Parliament for Monmouth, but transferred to a London seat just prior to the Newport Rising which brought with it a turbulent time in Monmouthshire. He was created a baronet in 1838, and entered the House of Lords in 1859 under Prime Minister Palmerston as Baron Llanover. However, his wife overshadowed him in life and subsequent reputation.

In 1828, the couple commissioned Thomas Hopper to build Llanover Hall for them. It was designed as a kind of arts centre as well as a family home.

Lady Llanover had always been interested in Celtic Studies. Her sister, Frances, had previously married a German ambassador to Great Britain, Baron Bunsen, whose social circle was also interested in Celtic subjects and culture.

Lady Llanover was greatly influenced by the local bard, Thomas Price, whom she met at a local Eisteddfod in 1826. Carnhuanawc taught her the Welsh language; she took the bardic name "Gwenynen Gwent", ('the bee of Gwent'). She became an early member of Cymreigyddion y Fenni. Her Welsh was never considered fluent but she was an extremely enthusiastic proponent of all things Welsh. She structured her household at Llanover Hall on what she considered to be Welsh traditions and gave all her staff Welsh titles and Welsh costume to wear.

Her husband shared her concern for the preservation of the heritage of Wales, and campaigned for the Welsh to be able to hear church services conducted in the Welsh language.

At the Cardiff Eisteddfod of 1834, she won first prize for her essay on The Advantages resulting from the Preservation of the Welsh language and National Costume of Wales and she probably commissioned a series of watercolours of Welsh costumes, 13 of which were reproduced as hand-coloured prints soon after 1834. These were little more than fashion prints for herself and friends to create dresses for themselves and their servants to be worn on special occasions, especially fancy dress balls. Her attempts to create a traditional Welsh costume are accepted as important to the adoption of the dress as the national costume of Wales.

In 1850, she helped found Y Gymraes ("The Welshwoman"), the first Welsh-language periodical for women. Her other interests included cookery (on which she published a book) and folk music; she encouraged the production and use of the traditional Welsh triple harp, employing a resident harpist at Llanover Hall.

She was a patron of the Welsh Manuscripts Society, of the Welsh Collegiate Institution at Llandovery, funded the compilation of a Welsh dictionary by Daniel Silvan Evans. She bought Welsh manuscripts of Taliesin Williams, Taliesin ab Iolo and the collection of Iolo Morganwg (Edward Williams) (now held in the National Museum of Wales in Cardiff).

She collaborated with Welsh musicians such as Maria Jane Williams, a noted harpist, vocalist and guitar player and Henry Brinley Richards, a noted composer best known for writing "God Bless the Prince of Wales", and herself produced a Collection of Welsh Airs.

Another main interest of hers was the temperance movement to which end she closed all the public houses on her estate, sometimes opening a modest temperance inn in their place, such as Y Seren Gobaith ('the Star of Hope') temperance inn, which replaced the Red Lion at Llanellen. She was an outspoken and lifelong critic of the evils of alcohol. Closely associated with her temperance work was religion in the form of militant Protestantism and she endowed two Calvinistic Methodist churches in the Abercarn area, with services conducted in the Welsh language, but a liturgy based on the Book of Common Prayer.

She outlived her husband by nearly thirty years, living well into her nineties. Only one of their daughters survived to adulthood: Augusta, who in 1846 married an Arthur Jones of Llanarth, of an old Roman Catholic family. Their son, Ivor Herbert, 1st Baron Treowen, became a Major-General during the First World War.

GEDCOM Source

@R-2144369693@ 1861 Wales Census Ancestry.com Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005.Original data - Census Returns of England and Wales, 1861. Kew, Surrey, England: The National Archives of the UK (TNA): Public Record Office (PRO), 1861. Data imaged from the National A 1,8768::0

GEDCOM Source

http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=sse&db=uki1861wales&h=13416391&ti=0&... Birth date: abt 1802 Birth place: Llanover, Monmouthshire, Wales Residence date: 1861 Residence place: Llanover, Monmouthshire, Wales 1,8768::13416391

GEDCOM Source

@R-2144369693@ 1851 England Census Ancestry.com Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005.Original data - Census Returns of England and Wales, 1851. Kew, Surrey, England: The National Archives of the UK (TNA): Public Record Office (PRO), 1851. Data imaged from the National A 1,8860::0

GEDCOM Source

Class: HO107; Piece: 1476; Folio: 204; Page: 37; GSU roll: 87799. http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=sse&db=uki1851&h=2240734&ti=0&indiv=... Birth date: abt 1802 Birth place: Hannover Residence date: 1851 Residence place: St George Hanover Square, Middlesex, England 1,8860::2240734

GEDCOM Source

@R-2144369693@ 1891 Wales Census Ancestry.com Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005.Original data - Census Returns of England and Wales, 1891. Kew, Surrey, England: The National Archives of the UK (TNA): Public Record Office (PRO), 1891. Data imaged from The National A 1,6897::0

GEDCOM Source

http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=sse&db=uki1891wales&h=886151&ti=0&in... Birth date: abt 1802 Birth place: Llanover, Monmouthshire, Wales Residence date: 1891 Residence place: Llanover Lower, Monmouthshire, Wales 1,6897::886151

GEDCOM Source

@R-2144369693@ 1871 Wales Census Ancestry.com Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004.Original data - Census Returns of England and Wales, 1871. Kew, Surrey, England: The National Archives of the UK (TNA): Public Record Office (PRO), 1871. Data imaged from the National A 1,7618::0

GEDCOM Source

Class: RG10; Piece: 5311; Folio: 17; Page: 10; GSU roll: 848434. http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=sse&db=uki1871wales&h=16968298&ti=0&... Birth date: abt 1802 Birth place: Llanover, Monmouthshire, Wales Residence date: 1871 Residence place: Llanover Lower, Monmouthshire, Wales 1,7618::16968298

GEDCOM Source

@R-2144862895@ 1881 Wales Census Ancestry.com and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004. 1881 British Isles Census Index provided by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints © Copyright 1999 Intellectual Reserve, Inc. All rights reserved. All use is subject to the l 1,8059::0

GEDCOM Source

http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=sse&db=uki1881wales&h=16028912&ti=0&... Birth date: abt 1802 Birth place: Llanover, Monmouth, Wales Residence date: 1881 Residence place: Llanover, Monmouthshire, Wales 1,8059::16028912

GEDCOM Source

@R-2144369693@ England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index: 1837-1915 FreeBMD Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006.Original data - General Register Office. England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes. London, England: General Register Office. © Crown copyright. Published by permission of the Contro 1,8914::0

GEDCOM Source

http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=sse&db=freebmddeath&h=14296791&ti=0&... Birth date: abt 1803 Birth place: Death date: Mar 1896 Death place: Herefordshire, Monmouthshire, United Kingdom 1,8914::14296791

GEDCOM Source

@R-2144369693@ 1841 England Census Ancestry.com Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc, 2010.Original data - Census Returns of England and Wales, 1841. Kew, Surrey, England: The National Archives of the UK (TNA): Public Record Office (PRO), 1841. Data imaged from the National 1,8978::0

GEDCOM Source

Class: HO107; Piece: 676; Book: 6; Civil Parish: St Marylebone; County: Middlesex; Enumeration District: 9; Folio: 20; Page: 32; Line: 17; GSU roll: 438792 1,8978::7254420

GEDCOM Source

@R-2144369693@ 1861 Wales Census Ancestry.com Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005.Original data - Census Returns of England and Wales, 1861. Kew, Surrey, England: The National Archives of the UK (TNA): Public Record Office (PRO), 1861. Data imaged from the National A 1,8768::0

GEDCOM Source

http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=sse&db=uki1861wales&h=13416391&ti=0&... Birth date: abt 1802 Birth place: Llanover, Monmouthshire, Wales Residence date: 1861 Residence place: Llanover, Monmouthshire, Wales 1,8768::13416391

GEDCOM Source

@R-2144369693@ England & Wales, National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations),1861-1941 Ancestry.com Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010.Original data - Principal Probate Registry. Calendar of the Grants of Probate and Letters of Administration made in the Probate Registries of the High Court of Justice in England. Londo 1,1904::0

GEDCOM Source

http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=sse&db=ukprobatecal&h=1582071&ti=0&i... Death date: 17 Jan 1896 Death place: Monmouthshire, Wales 1,1904::1582071

GEDCOM Source

@R-2144369693@ England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index: 1837-1915 FreeBMD Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006.Original data - General Register Office. England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes. London, England: General Register Office. © Crown copyright. Published by permission of the Contro 1,8914::0

GEDCOM Source

http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=sse&db=freebmddeath&h=14296791&ti=0&... Birth date: abt 1803 Birth place: Death date: Mar 1896 Death place: Herefordshire, Monmouthshire, United Kingdom 1,8914::14296791

GEDCOM Source

@R-2144369693@ 1861 Wales Census Ancestry.com Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005.Original data - Census Returns of England and Wales, 1861. Kew, Surrey, England: The National Archives of the UK (TNA): Public Record Office (PRO), 1861. Data imaged from the National A 1,8768::0

GEDCOM Source

http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=sse&db=uki1861wales&h=13416391&ti=0&... Birth date: abt 1802 Birth place: Llanover, Monmouthshire, Wales Residence date: 1861 Residence place: Llanover, Monmouthshire, Wales 1,8768::13416391

GEDCOM Source

@R-2144369693@ 1851 England Census Ancestry.com Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005.Original data - Census Returns of England and Wales, 1851. Kew, Surrey, England: The National Archives of the UK (TNA): Public Record Office (PRO), 1851. Data imaged from the National A 1,8860::0

GEDCOM Source

Class: HO107; Piece: 1476; Folio: 204; Page: 37; GSU roll: 87799. http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=sse&db=uki1851&h=2240734&ti=0&indiv=... Birth date: abt 1802 Birth place: Hannover Residence date: 1851 Residence place: St George Hanover Square, Middlesex, England 1,8860::2240734

GEDCOM Source

@R-2144369693@ England & Wales, National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations),1861-1941 Ancestry.com Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010.Original data - Principal Probate Registry. Calendar of the Grants of Probate and Letters of Administration made in the Probate Registries of the High Court of Justice in England. Londo 1,1904::0

GEDCOM Source

http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=sse&db=ukprobatecal&h=1582071&ti=0&i... Death date: 17 Jan 1896 Death place: Monmouthshire, Wales 1,1904::1582071

GEDCOM Source

@R-2144369693@ 1891 Wales Census Ancestry.com Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005.Original data - Census Returns of England and Wales, 1891. Kew, Surrey, England: The National Archives of the UK (TNA): Public Record Office (PRO), 1891. Data imaged from The National A 1,6897::0

GEDCOM Source

http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=sse&db=uki1891wales&h=886151&ti=0&in... Birth date: abt 1802 Birth place: Llanover, Monmouthshire, Wales Residence date: 1891 Residence place: Llanover Lower, Monmouthshire, Wales 1,6897::886151

GEDCOM Source

@R-2144369693@ 1871 Wales Census Ancestry.com Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004.Original data - Census Returns of England and Wales, 1871. Kew, Surrey, England: The National Archives of the UK (TNA): Public Record Office (PRO), 1871. Data imaged from the National A 1,7618::0

GEDCOM Source

Class: RG10; Piece: 5311; Folio: 17; Page: 10; GSU roll: 848434. http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=sse&db=uki1871wales&h=16968298&ti=0&... Birth date: abt 1802 Birth place: Llanover, Monmouthshire, Wales Residence date: 1871 Residence place: Llanover Lower, Monmouthshire, Wales 1,7618::16968298

GEDCOM Source

@R-2144862895@ 1881 Wales Census Ancestry.com and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004. 1881 British Isles Census Index provided by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints © Copyright 1999 Intellectual Reserve, Inc. All rights reserved. All use is subject to the l 1,8059::0

GEDCOM Source

http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=sse&db=uki1881wales&h=16028912&ti=0&... Birth date: abt 1802 Birth place: Llanover, Monmouth, Wales Residence date: 1881 Residence place: Llanover, Monmouthshire, Wales 1,8059::16028912

GEDCOM Source

@R-2144369693@ England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index: 1837-1915 FreeBMD Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006.Original data - General Register Office. England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes. London, England: General Register Office. © Crown copyright. Published by permission of the Contro 1,8914::0

GEDCOM Source

http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=sse&db=freebmddeath&h=14296791&ti=0&... Birth date: abt 1803 Birth place: Death date: Mar 1896 Death place: Herefordshire, Monmouthshire, United Kingdom 1,8914::14296791

GEDCOM Source

@R-2144369693@ 1841 England Census Ancestry.com Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc, 2010.Original data - Census Returns of England and Wales, 1841. Kew, Surrey, England: The National Archives of the UK (TNA): Public Record Office (PRO), 1841. Data imaged from the National 1,8978::0

GEDCOM Source

Class: HO107; Piece: 676; Book: 6; Civil Parish: St Marylebone; County: Middlesex; Enumeration District: 9; Folio: 20; Page: 32; Line: 17; GSU roll: 438792 1,8978::7254420

GEDCOM Source

@R-2144369693@ Ancestry Family Trees Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com. Original data: Family Tree files submitted by Ancestry members. This information comes from 1 or more individual Ancestry Family Tree files. This source citation points you to a current version of those files. Note: The owners of these tree files may have removed or changed information since this source citation was created.

GEDCOM Source

Ancestry Family Trees http://trees.ancestry.com/pt/AMTCitationRedir.aspx?tid=7400425&pid=140