Bishop Samuel Gobat

Samuel Gobat (26 January 1799 - 11 May 1879), was a Swiss Lutheran who became an Anglican missionary in Africa and was the Protestant Bishop of Jerusalem from 1846 until his death.

Early life Gobat was born at Crémines, Canton of Bern, Switzerland. After serving in the Reformed St. Chrischona Pilgrim Mission (German: Pilgermission St. Chrischona) at Bettingen from 1823 to 1826, he went to Paris and London, whence, having acquired some knowledge of Arabic and Ge'ez, he went out to Ethiopia under the auspices of the Anglican Church Missionary Society.

Missions in Ethiopia and Malta

He visited Ethiopia twice, the first time from the beginning of 1830 to the end of 1832; returning to Europe, he took his wife Maria May, 1834. He then returned in March 1835, but his own ill health (he writes that he was confined to his bed, "suffering cruel pains") forced him to return to Europe in 1836. His journal of his stay in Ethiopia (Sejour en Abyssinie) was published in 1835 at Paris, and later translated into English as Journal of Three Years' Residence in Abyssinia. From 1839 to 1842 lived in Malta, where he supervised an Arabic translation of the Bible. During this time he was a missionary of the Church Mission Society.

Episcopate in Jerusalem

In 1846 he was consecrated second Protestant bishop of Jerusalem, under the agreement between the British and Prussian governments (1841) for the establishment of a joint bishopric for Anglicans, Lutherans and Calvinists in the Holy Land, carried by the Anglican Church of England and the united Evangelical Church in Prussia. Gobat succeeded the late Bishop Michael Solomon Alexander. He carried on a vigorous mission as bishop for over thirty years, his diocesan school (so-called Bishop Gobat School, est. 1847) and orphanage on Mount Zion being specially noteworthy.

Unlike his predecessor Bishop Alexander, who preferred missioning Jews and Muslims, however, with the latter being forbidden to convert and to be missioned by Ottoman law, Gobat had resorted to proselytising among Christians of other, mostly Orthodox denominations. The Porte had legalised this by a Firman in 1850 issued under the pressure of the Protestant powers of Britain and Prussia. Such proselytism had been criticised by proponents of the Anglican High Church faction.

In order to support Gobat's effort Wilhelm Hoffmann (*1806-1873*), one of the royal Prussian court preachers at the Supreme Parish and Collegiate Church in Berlin, co-founded Jerusalem's Association (German: Jerusalemsverein), a charitable organisation on 2 December 1852, also becoming its first President. Gobat could found a number of charitable institutions with the help of funds raised by this Association. In the 1850s Gobat invited the Church Mission Society (CMS), of which he had previously been a missionary, to open Palestine as a field of mission, which they did.

In 1866 Gobat integrated the Jaffa Protestant mission of Peter Metzler, a missionary of St. Chrischona Pilgrim Mission, to Johannes Gruhler, the ordained Anglican pastor of Immanuel Church in Ramle. However, most Jaffa congregants disliked the Anglican Rite and preferred to attend Metzler's services. In 1871 he consecrated Christ Church, Nazareth, built under the supervision of John Zeller, a German CMS missionary. He also ordained the first Arab clergy of the diocese—Michael Ka'war and Seraphim Boutaji.

Gobat and his wife died in Jerusalem and are buried in Mount Zion Cemetery, there. A record of his life, largely autobiographical, was published at Basel in 1884, and an English translation at London in the same year. Gobat was succeeded by Bishop Joseph Barclay.

Family

In 1834 Gobat married Marie Christine Regine Zeller (1813–1879), daughter of Christian Heinrich Zeller (1779–1860), educator, pioneer of the inner mission and Pietist hymnologist. They had ten children, among them:

• Hanna Maria Sophie Gobat (1838–1922), married in 1859 Reverend John Zeller (1830–1902), missionary in Nazareth who later became the leader of the Gobat School in Jerusalem,
• Sophie Rosine Dorothea (Dora) Gobat (1842–1923), a missionary of St. Chrischona Pilgrim Mission, married in 1867 Carl Heinrich Rappard (1837–1909), missionary in Alexandria for St. Chrischona, and its inspector (director) since 1868,
• Maria Sophie Elisabeth Gobat (1844–1917), married in 1869 the Swiss publisher Paul Kober,
• Blandina Marianne Gobat (1850–1926), married Theodor Friedrich Wolters (1837–1910), pastor in Smyrna, missionary in Nazareth and Jerusalem

cf.: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Gobat

Samuel Gobat trat 1820 in das Missionshaus der Basler Mission ein. 1826 unternahm er seine erste Missionsreise im Dienst der Londoner Missionsgesellschaft. In der Folge verbrachte er drei Jahre in Kairo und drei weitere im abessinischen Hochland. 1832 kehrte er nach Europa zurück und heiratete 1834 Marie Zeller, die Tochter von Christian Heinrich Zeller. Aus der Ehe ging unter anderem die als Missionarin bekannt gewordene Tochter Dora Rappard hervor. Ein Neffe Gobats war der Friedensnobelpreisträger Charles Albert Gobat und ein Enkel der Verleger Alfred Kober.

Von 1835 bis 1836 hielt Gobat sich wieder in Abessinien auf. 1837 und 1839 kurte er in Kreuznach, um eine chronische Dysenterie zu lindern. Anschließend wurde er nach Malta gesandt, wo er mit einer Bibelübersetzung ins Arabische begann. 1846, fünf Jahre nachdem 1841 auf Anregung Friedrich Wilhelms IV. von Preußen das evangelische Bistum Jerusalem ins Leben gerufen worden war, wurde Gobat als Nachfolger des verstorbenen Michael Salomo Alexander zum zweiten Bischof der Stadt ernannt. In seiner Eigenschaft als Bischof gründete Gobat evangelische Gemeinden und Schulen, Waisen- und Krankenhäuser in Jerusalem, Betlehem, Jaffa, Nablus und Nazaret. Sein Nachfolger wurde Joseph Barclay.

http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Gobat