Stefan Zavida Nemanja, Grand zoupanos

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefan_Nemanja (1113-1199)

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-http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SERBIA.htm#StefanNemanjadied1199B

STEFAN NEMANJA of Serbia, son of ZAVID & his wife --- (near Podgorica [1125/30] or after-Mount Athos 13 Feb 1199, bur 1207 Studenica Monastery). Miroslav, Tihomir, Stracimir and Nemanja are consistently described as four brothers, although only Miroslav is named as son of Zavid in one of his own gospels[97]. Born in Zeta while his father was exiled from Raška, he received a Catholic baptism according to the biography written by his son Stefan[98]. If Nemanja was the grandson of Uroš I Grand Župan of Serbia, it is unlikely that he could have been born much earlier than [1125/30], assuming that the birth date of Uroš I is correctly estimated to [1080]. He was re-baptised into the Greek-Orthodox faith when his family returned to Raška, also according to the same biography and another biography written by his son Archbishop Sava[99]. He inherited land from his father in the Ibar region with Toplica, south-west of Niš[100]. He was installed as Župan in Dubočica, eastern Serbia, in [1166] by Emperor Manuel I, but was imprisoned by his brother Tihomir. He escaped, mobilised an army and expelled Tihomir and his other two brothers, possibly with help from Byzantium[101], succeeding in [1167/68] as STEFAN NEMANJA Grand Župan of Serbia. Tihomir returned from Constantinople with Byzantine troops but was defeated and killed in battle at Pantino, near Zvečan, in [1168/71][102]. Nemanja joined a Hungarian/Venetian coalition against Byzantium, attacking Kotor, but was isolated by the death of István III King of Hungary and Venice's withdrawal from the alliance following a domestic naval revolt. Emperor Manuel I led an army into Serbia, Nemanja surrendered and accepted Byzantine suzerainty. He was confirmed as Grand Župan in Constantinople and remained true to his oath of loyalty until the death of Emperor Manuel in 1180[103]. In 1183, he joined Béla III King of Hungary in invading Byzantine territory, sacked Niš and Sardika [Sofija], and moved into Thrace[104]. Taking advantage of Byzantium's internal difficulties during the reign of Emperor Andronikos I, Nemanja conquered Kosovo, Metohija, Skopje, and Niš (which he made his capital), effectively shaking off Byzantine suzerainty. He also conquered southern Dalmatia, including the towns of Kotor, Ulcinj and Bar, and parts of northern Albania. He attacked Dubrovnik in 1185, after it had helped the island of Korčula repel an attack by his brother Miroslav Grand Knez of Hum but was apparently unable to retain it as the town was under Norman suzerainty in 1186[105]. “Stephanus Nemanja, Serbiæ magnæ županus et fratres Stracimir et Miroslav” made peace with “Ragusio, comite Gervasio”, dated 27 Sep 1186[106]. He gave a warm welcome to Emperor Friedrich I "Barbarossa", leader of the Third Crusade, as he passed through Serbia in 1189, but was unsuccessful in persuading the emperor to join a Serbian/Bulgarian alliance to attack Byzantium[107]. By 1189, Nemanja had also conquered Duklja (by then more commonly known as Zeta), which he incorporated into Serbia and subsequently assigned to his eldest son Vukan[108]. In Sep 1190, Byzantine troops defeated the Serbs at the Morava River, but under the subsequent peace treaty the Byzantines regained Niš, Beograd and northern Macedonia including Skopje, although they recognised Serb independence and Nemanja's right to rule Zeta, southern Dalmatia, Trebinje and Hum[109]. Stefan Nemanja abdicated in favour of his second son 25 Mar 1196 at Ras, becoming a monk as SIMEON, first at Studenica and by 1198 at Mount Athos[110]. The life of St Sava by Domentijan records the abdication of "l’autocrate [Grand Kniaze Némania]" in favour of his son and his becoming a monk at Studenica as "Syméon"[111]. His monastic name is confirmed by the charter dated 1314 under which his great-grandson “Stephanus Uroš, Serbiæ rex…abnepos sancti Symeonis et filius magni regis Uroš” built “templum in honorem sanctorum et justorum Joachim et Annæ”[112]. A document dated 13 Feb 1200 records the death of “Stephanus Nemanja, Serbiæ magni županus”[113]. The life of St Sava by Domentijan records the death 13 Feb of "Syméon"[114]. He was canonised. His sons Stefan and Sava each wrote his biography.

m ANA, daughter of ---. The life of St Sava by Domentijan records that "Grand Kniaze Némania…" married "Anne fille de Romanus empereur grec"[115]. "Romanus empereur grec" cannot be identified, as at the time of their marriage the Komnenos family were ruling as Byzantine emperors and no other evidence has been found which suggests that the wife of Grand Župan Stefan Nemanja was a member of that dynasty. She became a nun as ANASTASIA on the abdication of her husband. The life of St Sava by Domentijan records that "la grande-duchesse Anna" became a nun as "An

http://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefan_Nemanja

Začetnik vladarske dinastije Nemanjića

Stephen Nemanja also went by the nick-name of Saint Simeon. He gained the title of Grand Zupan of Rascia in 1166.

Stefan Nemanja, veliki zupan Raške .Vladao od 1166 - 1196 Najmlađi sin Zavidin imao je tri brata Tihomira,Stracimira,Miroslava

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Nemanja was married to a Serb noblewoman by the name of Ana. They had three sons and three daughters:

1. Stefan Nemanjić - Nemanja's successor, first King of All Serbian lands, 1196–1228
2. Rastko Nemanjić (Saint Sava) (1171–1236) - The first archbishop and saint of the Serbian Orthodox Church.
3. Vukan Nemanjić - Prince of Doclea and briefly Grand Prince of Rascia.
4. Jefimija - married Manuel Angelus Ducas Regent of Thesaloniki (+1241).[9]
5. unknown daughter - married an unknown member of the Asen family, gave birth to the Bulgarian Tsar Constantine Tih Asen (reigned 1257–1277).

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemanji%C4%87_family_tree

http://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefan_Nemanja

Začetnik vladarske dinastije Nemanjića

Stephen Nemanja also went by the nick-name of Saint Simeon. He gained the title of Grand Zupan of Rascia in 1166.

Stefan Nemanja, veliki zupan Raške .Vladao od 1166 - 1196 Najmlađi sin Zavidin imao je tri brata Tihomira,Stracimira,Miroslava

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Nemanja was married to a Serb noblewoman by the name of Ana. They had three sons and three daughters:

Stefan Nemanjić - Nemanja's successor, first King of All Serbian lands, 1196–1228 Rastko Nemanjić (Saint Sava) (1171–1236) - The first archbishop and saint of the Serbian Orthodox Church. Vukan Nemanjić - Prince of Doclea and briefly Grand Prince of Rascia. Jefimija - married Manuel Angelus Ducas Regent of Thesaloniki (+1241).[9] unknown daughter - married an unknown member of the Asen family, gave birth to the Bulgarian Tsar Constantine Tih Asen (reigned 1257–1277). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemanji%C4%87_family_tree

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefan_Nemanja