Guy de Balliol, Baron of Bywell, Marwood & Gainford

Please note that there are many different towns with Bailleul in their name, in France. The Northumberland family descending from Guy de Bailleul, which became the prominent Balliol family in Scotland and England, is only one Bailleul family, one with origins in the region of Picardy, France.

The best overview I have found online is from the French Wikipedia site, Famille de Bailleul (The Bailleul Family). It also provides a family tree. See https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Famille_de_Bailleul

I'll highlight some of the main points.

• This family originated in the village of Bailleul-en-Vimeu, near Abbeville in the county of Ponthieu; this family maintained strong ties with the larger "seigneurie" of Bailleul in Picardy, which became very important in the late 13th century when John became King of Scotland.
• Guy de Bailleul who settled in England was probably recruited into King William Rufus's service.
• His nephew Bernard de Balliol (d. 1154-62) inherited Guy's lands in Northumberland between 1130-33. He built his principal fortress, Bernard Castle, in the County of Durham. Not long before the battle of Étendard in 1138, he was sent with Robert de Bruce to persuade David I of Scotland to step down from his throne. Bernard was at the battle of Lincoln of the side of King Stephen of England, where he was captured. His son Guy probably succeeded him briefly.
• Bernard's younger son Bernard II (d.c. 1190) inherited all of the lands in England and Picardy between 1160-67.He was involved in the capture of William I of Scotland at the battle of Alnwick in 1174 during the revolt of the sons of King Henry II of England. He married Agnès de Picquigny.
• Contrary to that which has been written over the centuries, he had no descendants. It was his cousin Eustache seigneur d'Hélicourt (near Bailleul) who succeeded him and took the name Bailleul. He had four sons: Ingram and Henry (d. 1246) established the branches in Scotland at Inverkeilor and Cavers; Hugues, the oldest, succeeded his father Eustache in 1209. Bernard et Hugues were among the barons loyal to King John of England.
• Henry entered into royal service as Chamberlain of Scotland from 1223-1230, then 1241-1246, and served as ambassador of the Scottish king to the English court upon occasion. He held lands in Benington (Hertfordshire) and Cavers (Roxburghshire).His children were Guy (killed in the battle of Evesham in 1265), Alexander (d 1310, rebel against King John, Baron of Chavers and Chilham in Kent; Chamberlain to Scotland, succeeded by son Thomas)
• Hugh's son John (d. 1268) in 1233 married Derborgail, 3rd daughter of Alan, lord of Galloway and Margaret, daughter of David of Scotland, count of Huntingdon. His son John (1249-1314) became King of Scotland in 1292 but was deposed and exiled in 1296. His son Edward (1282–1364) took the throne in 1332. He abdicated in 1356, and gave his throne to Edward III of England, renouncing his titles in Galloway and Picardy. He died without descendants.

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Update 8 April 2022:

https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTLAND.htm#_Toc65391147

• 1. GUY de Balliol (-[1112/30]). A charter of King Henry II records donations to York St Mary, including the donation of “ecclesiam et…terræ in Stocalea et ecclesiam de Skaintuna et…ecclesiam de Gaynford” by “Wydo de Balliol”[777]. The Testa de Nevill includes a writ of King John dated 1212 which records "Hugo de Bailliol" holding "baroniam de Biwelle" in Northumberland which had been granted by King William II to "antecessores"[778]. This could indicate a grant to Guy de Balliol, who was presumably contemporary to King William II, but this is not certain. “Guido de Baill” donated property to the abbey of St Mary, York, for the souls of “…Dionisie uxoris mee et Bernardi de Ball nepotis mei”, by charter dated to [1112/22][779]. Leland records that King Henry I prohibited “Guido de Baileol in Dirhamshire” from hunting in the forests of Ranulph Bishop of Durham[780]. m DIONISIA, daughter of ---. “Guido de Baill” donated property to the abbey of St Mary, York, for the souls of “…Dionisie uxoris mee et Bernardi de Ball nepotis mei”, by charter dated to [1112/22][781]. Guy & his wife had one child:
  • a) daughter . Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated to [1149/52] under which “Rogerus Bertram” confirmed donations to the church of St Mary, York by “pater meus Willelmus et avus meus Wido de Balliolo”[782]. m WILLIAM Bertram, son of ---.

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In 1149-1152 we find Roger de Bertram, the son of Hawise de Baliol, confirming to St. Mary's Abbey, York, the grant of the church of Stainton, made by Guy de Balliol, which church, he says in the charter, was given by his father, William, and his ancestor Wido de Bailliol—"pater meus Willelmus et avus meus Wido de Balliol.”

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy_I_de_Balliol

Guy I de Balliol was a Picard baron who was granted land in northern England in the late eleventh-century. In the 1090s, he was established in the north of England by King William Rufus, as part of King William's carve-up of the forfeited earldom of Northumberland.[1]

According to historian Frank Barlow, Balliol's dynasty was one of those that "originated in the reign" and were "planted ... in the frontier areas in order to protect and advance the kingdom".[2] Geoffrey Stell said that Guy's northern territories were given "almost certainly in return for support rendered in William's campaigns on the eastern frontier of Normandy in 1091 and 1094".[1]

Guy himself originated in a frontier area, coming from Bailleul-en-Vimeu close to Abbeville on the frontier of the county of Ponthieu with the duchy of Normandy.[1] Guy's nephew Bernard I de Balliol succeeded to Guy's estates before 1130 × 1133, meaning that Guy had died by then.[1]

Notes

1. Stell, "Balliol, Bernard de".
2. Barlow, William Rufus, p. 172.
3. References
4. Barlow, Frank, William Rufus, (New Haven, 2000), ISBN 0-300-08291-6
5. Stell, G. P., "Balliol, Bernard de (d. 1154x62)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 , accessed 24 Jan 2008

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Balliol

The House of Balliol (de Bailleul) was a noble family originating from the village of Bailleul in Picardy. They held estates in England, granted during the reign of King William Rufus. Through marriage, they had claims to the Throne of Scotland. One member of the family, John Balliol, was named King of Scotland after the disputed succession following extinction of the Dunkeld line. John was deposed, leading to the First War of Scottish Independence. His son, Edward Balliol, also briefly controlled the Scottish throne during the Second War of Scottish Independence. Edward had no issue, and the direct line went extinct with him.

List of heads of the Balliol estates

• Guy I de Balliol (died before 1130 × 1133), established lordship in northern England in 1090s
• Bernard I de Balliol (died 1154 x 1162), nephew of Guy
• Guy II de Balliol (died early 1160s x 1167), son of Bernard
• Bernard II de Balliol (died c. 1190), brother of above
• Eustace de Balliol (died c. 1209), cousin of above
• Hugh de Balliol (died 1229), son of above
• John I de Balliol (died 1268), son of above, the founder of Balliol College
• John II de Balliol (died 1314), son of above, ruled from 1292 to 1296, and claimed the throne as great-great-great-grandson of David I of Scotland of the House of Dunkeld.
• Edward de Balliol (died 1364), eldest son of John, who from 1332 to about 1338 was a pretender to the Scottish throne in opposition to David II of Scotland with support of the English.

Both Balliols had English support for their claims; both were deposed. Edward died without issue, but the Balliol descent continued through his cousin Christine de Lindsay (granddaughter of John II), who married Enguerrand V, Lord of Coucy, to the lords of Coucy and ultimately the Bourbon kings of France and Spain.

See also

• List of British monarchs
• Scottish monarchs family tree

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References

Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Baliol.

1. Stell, G. P., "Balliol, Bernard de (d. 1154x62)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 , accessed 24 Jan 2008
2. Stell, G. P., "Balliol, Bernard de (d. c.1190)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 , accessed 24 Jan 2008
3. Stell, G. P., "Balliol , John de (b. before 1208, d. 1268)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 , accessed 24 Jan 2008
4. Cockayne's Complete Peerage, page 160. < Archve.Org> This Roger II wass. and h. of William II (by Alice, sister of Robert d'Umfra- ville, who gave her Great Babington in free marriage — Roger III sold it, 23 June 1262), s. and h. of Roger I (by Ada, his wife), s. and h. of William I, founder of Brinkburn priory (by Hawise, da. of Guy de Balliol, who gave her Stainton in free marriage). {Cartularies of Brinkburn and Newminster, passim: Deeds in Hodgson, ut supra, pp. 24, 26, and in Walbran, Gainford, appendix, no. 3