Harriet Williams Russell Strong

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harriet_Williams_Russell_Strong

Harriet Williams Russell Strong (July 23, 1844 – September 6, 1926) was an American social activist, inventor, Conservationist, and leading figure of the early woman's movement. She is a member of the National Women's Hall of Fame.

Childhood and family background

Strong was born in Buffalo, N.Y., fourth daughter of Henry Pierrepont and Mary Guest (Musier) Russell, and a descendant of William Russell, a native of England, who came over in the early part of the seventeenth century with his brother-in-law and sister, Lord and Lady Brooke, and Lord Say and Seal, and settled in Windsor, Conn. Her grandfather, Judge Samuel Russell, of New York city, was commissary-general in the war of 1812, and her father was postmaster of Buffalo and later adjutant-general of Nevada. Strong's father moved the family to California in 1852, on account of her mother's ill health; Strong was educated by private teachers and at Young Ladies Seminary at Benicia, California.

Marriage and family

In 1861, the family moved again to Carson City, Nevada, where she met her future husband, Charles Lyman Strong. She was married in Virginia City, Nevada at the age of nineteen, and was left a widow in 1883 with four daughters when her husband committed suicide after a series of business failures. Her husband's property, consisting of mines and other lands in Southern California, was involved in litigation lasting eight years. She then devoted her attention to the management and development of this estate, which was known as Ranchito del Fuerte in San Gabriel Valley, California. It was largely planted with walnut and orange trees, and yielded profitable returns. In 1897 she drilled a number of artesian wells, and to utilize the water thus obtained purchased 1,000 acres (4.0 km2) of land five miles (8 km) away, installed a pumping plant, and incorporated the property under the name of the Paso de Bartolo Water Company, of which she was president, and her two daughters, respectively, treasurer and secretary, and issued bonds amounting to $110,000 to carry on the enterprise, selling the property four years later at a handsome profit.

Inventor & Water Conservationist

Harriet Strong made a study of water problems, including the control of flood waters and water storage. She advocated source conservation as a flood remedy, proposing a succession of dams in the Grand Canyon of the Colorado river to conserve the water for irrigation purposes and the generation of electricity. On Dec. 6, 1887, she was granted a patent for a dam and reservoir construction. Her invention consists of a series of dams, one behind the other, to be constructed in a valley, canyon or watercourse in such a way that when the water has filled the lower dam it will extend up to a certain height upon the lower face of the second dam, and thus act as a brace and support for the dam above it. She obtained another patent, Nov. 6, 1894, on a new method for impounding debris and storing water. She was awarded two medals for these inventions by the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, IL, in 1893. In 1918 she appeared before the congressional committee on water power and urged the government to store the flood waters of the Colorado river by constructing a series of dams by her method in the Grand Canyon, (which in its full capacity is 150 miles (240 km) long), and thus control floods and increase irrigation water, making available thousands of acres of land and unlimited power for generating electricity.

Later years

Strong had considerable talent as a musical composer; she published a number of songs and a book of musical sketches, and for many years was vice president of the Los Angeles Symphony Orchestra Association. She was the founder of Ebell of Los Angeles, serving as its president for three consecutive terms. She was also a member of the Friday Morning and Ruskin Art clubs of Los Angeles, and became the first female member of the Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce,[5] and of the executive board of the Inland Waterways Association of San Francisco. She was a delegate to the annual convention of the United States Chamber of Commerce, in Chicago, in 1918, representing both the Whittier and Los Angeles chambers of commerce, being the first woman delegate to attend those conventions. She was a member of the board of directors of the Whittier Chamber of Commerce, and chairman of its flood control committee, and member of its Law and Legislative committee, also a member of the Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce Legislative committee. She had four daughters: Mary Lyman, wife of Dean Mason, of Los Angeles; Harriet Russell; Nelle de Luce Strong; and Georgina Pierrepont, wife of Hon. Frederick C. Hicks, of New York, who died in Washington, Jan. 1, 1918.

Harriet Williams Russell Strong died as a result of an automobile accident in 1926.