Wikipedia Biographical Summary:

"...Ilya Mikhailovich Frank (Russian: Илья́ Миха́йлович Франк) (23 October 1908 – 22 June 1990) was a Soviet winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1958 jointly with Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov and Igor Y. Tamm, also of the Soviet Union. He received the award for his work in explaining the phenomenon of Cherenkov radiation. He received the Stalin prize in 1946 and 1953 and the USSR state prize in 1971.

Life and career

Ilya Frank was born on 23 October 1908 in St. Petersburg. His father, Mikhail Lyudvigovich Frank, was a talented mathematician descended from a Jewish family, while his mother Yelizaveta Mikhailovna Gratsianova, was a Russian Orthodox physician. His father participated in the student revolutionary movement, and as a result was expelled from Moscow University. After the October Revolution, he was reinstated and appointed professor. Ilya's uncle, Semen Frank, a noted Russian philosopher, wasn't as fortunate and was expelled from the USSR in 1922 together with 160 other intellectuals. Ilya had one elder brother, Gleb Mikhailovich Frank, who became an eminent biophysicist and member of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R..

Ilya Frank studied mathematics and theoretical physics at Moscow State University. From his second year he worked in the laboratory of Sergey Ivanovich Vavilov, whom he regarded as his mentor. After graduating in 1930, on recommendation of Vavilov, he started working at the State Optical Institute in Leningrad. There he wrote his first publication—about luminescence— with Vavilov. The work he did there would form the basis of his doctoral dissertation in 1935.

In 1934, Frank moved to the Institute of Physics and Mathematics of the USSR Academy of Sciences (which shortly would be moved to Moscow, where it was transformed into the Institute of Physics). Here he started working on nuclear physics, a new field for him. He became interested in the effect discovered by Pavel Cherenkov, that charged particles moving through water at high speeds emit light. Together with Igor Tamm, he developed a theoretical explanation: the effect occurs when charged particles travel through an optically transparent medium at speeds greater than the speed of light in that medium, causing a shock wave in the electromagnetic field. The amount of energy radiated in this process is given by the Frank–Tamm formula.

The discovery and explanation of the effect resulted in the development of new methods for detecting and measuring the velocity of high-speed nuclear particles and became of great importance for research in nuclear physics. Cherenkov radiation is also widely used in biomedical research for detection of radioactive isotopes. In 1946, Cherenkov, Vavilov, Tamm, and Frank were awarded a Stalin Prize for their discovery, and 1958 Cherenkov, Tamm, and Frank received the Nobel Prize in physics.

In 1944, Frank was appointed professor and became head of a department at the Institute of Physics and of the Nuclear Physics Laboratory (which was later transferred to the Institute of Nuclear Research). Frank's laboratory was involved in the (then secret) study of nuclear reactors. In particular, they studied the diffusion and thermalization of neutrons.

In 1957, Frank also become director of the Laboratory of Neutron Physics at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. The laboratory was based on the neutron fast-pulse reactor (IBR) then under construction at the site. Under Frank's supervision the reactor was used in the development of neutron spectroscopy techniques.

Personal life

Frank married the noted historian, Ella Abramovna Beilikhis, in 1937. Their son, Alexander, was born in the same year, and would continue much of the studies of his father as a physicist...."

SOURCE: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Frank

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Frank

http://berkovich-zametki.com/2009/Zametki/Nomer1/Frank1.php (in Russian) : memoir of Alexander Frank, son of Ilya.

איליה מיכאילוביץ' פרנק

' (ברוסית: Илья́ Миха́йлович Франк; ‏23 באוקטובר 1908 - 22 ביוני 1990) היה פיזיקאי סובייטי ממוצא יהודי שזכה בפרס נובל לפיזיקה בשנת 1958 (ביחד עם פאבל צ'רנקוב ואיגור תם), על גילוי ופירוש קרינת צ'רנקוב.

פרנק נולד בסנקט פטרבורג לאב שהיה פרופסור למתמטיקה. לאחר שסיים את לימודיו באוניברסיטת מוסקבה בשנת 1930, החל לעבוד באוניברסיטת סנקט פטרבורג. בשנת 1934 החל לעבוד במכון לבדב לפיזיקה שבמוסקבה. באותה שנה גילה צ'רנקוב כי אור נפלט מחלקיקים טעונים הנעים במהירויות גבוהות בתוך מים. פרנק ותם סיפקו את ההסבר התאורטי לאפקט, המתרחש כאשר חלקיקים נעים בחומר במהירות הגדולה מהמהירות בה נע האור בתוך חומר זה, כאשר החומר שקוף מספיק כדי לראות את הקרינה הנפלטת ממנו. גילוי זה התאפשר בזכות פיתוחן של שיטות חדשות לאיתור ומדידות של חלקיקים אטומיים הנעים במהיריות גבוהות.

פרנק שיתף פעולה עם צ'רנקוב ותם גם במחקר על קרינת אלקטרונים. הוא התמחה בקרני גמא וקרני נייטרון. בשנת 1944 מונה לראש המחלקה לפיזיקה באוניברסיטת מוסקבה ולחבר באקדמיה המדעית של ברית המועצות בשנת 1946. הוא נשא אישה ב-1937 וכן זכה בפרסים מדעיים נחשבים בברית המועצות כולל 3 פעמים פרס ברית המועצות.

קישורים חיצוניים ויקישיתוף מדיה וקבצים בנושא איליה פרנק בוויקישיתוף פרנק איליה

באתר זוכי פרס נובל איליה פרנק , באתר פרס נובל (באנגלית) איליה פרנק , באתר פרויקט הגנאלוגיה במתמטיקה

https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%A4...

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Wikipedia Biographical Summary:

"...Ilya Mikhailovich Frank (Russian: Илья́ Миха́йлович Франк) (23 October 1908 – 22 June 1990) was a Soviet winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1958 jointly with Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov and Igor Y. Tamm, also of the Soviet Union. He received the award for his work in explaining the phenomenon of Cherenkov radiation. He received the Stalin prize in 1946 and 1953 and the USSR state prize in 1971.

Life and career

Ilya Frank was born on 23 October 1908 in St. Petersburg. His father, Mikhail Lyudvigovich Frank, was a talented mathematician descended from a Jewish family, while his mother Yelizaveta Mikhailovna Gratsianova, was a Russian Orthodox physician. His father participated in the student revolutionary movement, and as a result was expelled from Moscow University. After the October Revolution, he was reinstated and appointed professor. Ilya's uncle, Semen Frank, a noted Russian philosopher, wasn't as fortunate and was expelled from the USSR in 1922 together with 160 other intellectuals. Ilya had one elder brother, Gleb Mikhailovich Frank, who became an eminent biophysicist and member of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R..

Ilya Frank studied mathematics and theoretical physics at Moscow State University. From his second year he worked in the laboratory of Sergey Ivanovich Vavilov, whom he regarded as his mentor. After graduating in 1930, on recommendation of Vavilov, he started working at the State Optical Institute in Leningrad. There he wrote his first publication—about luminescence— with Vavilov. The work he did there would form the basis of his doctoral dissertation in 1935.

In 1934, Frank moved to the Institute of Physics and Mathematics of the USSR Academy of Sciences (which shortly would be moved to Moscow, where it was transformed into the Institute of Physics). Here he started working on nuclear physics, a new field for him. He became interested in the effect discovered by Pavel Cherenkov, that charged particles moving through water at high speeds emit light. Together with Igor Tamm, he developed a theoretical explanation: the effect occurs when charged particles travel through an optically transparent medium at speeds greater than the speed of light in that medium, causing a shock wave in the electromagnetic field. The amount of energy radiated in this process is given by the Frank–Tamm formula.

The discovery and explanation of the effect resulted in the development of new methods for detecting and measuring the velocity of high-speed nuclear particles and became of great importance for research in nuclear physics. Cherenkov radiation is also widely used in biomedical research for detection of radioactive isotopes. In 1946, Cherenkov, Vavilov, Tamm, and Frank were awarded a Stalin Prize for their discovery, and 1958 Cherenkov, Tamm, and Frank received the Nobel Prize in physics.

In 1944, Frank was appointed professor and became head of a department at the Institute of Physics and of the Nuclear Physics Laboratory (which was later transferred to the Institute of Nuclear Research). Frank's laboratory was involved in the (then secret) study of nuclear reactors. In particular, they studied the diffusion and thermalization of neutrons.

In 1957, Frank also become director of the Laboratory of Neutron Physics at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. The laboratory was based on the neutron fast-pulse reactor (IBR) then under construction at the site. Under Frank's supervision the reactor was used in the development of neutron spectroscopy techniques.

Personal life

Frank married the noted historian, Ella Abramovna Beilikhis, in 1937. Their son, Alexander, was born in the same year, and would continue much of the studies of his father as a physicist...."

SOURCE: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Frank

---

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Frank

http://berkovich-zametki.com/2009/Zametki/Nomer1/Frank1.php (in Russian) : memoir of Alexander Frank, son of Ilya.

Илья Михайлович Франк, советский физик, академик АН СССР, Нобелевский лауреат по физике 1958г.

Родился 10 (23 октября) 1908 года в Санкт-Петербурге в семье математика (впоследствии профессора) Михаила Людвиговича Франка и медсестры (впоследствии детского фтизиатра) Елизаветы Михайловны Франк (урожд. Грациановой), незадолго до того переселившихся в Санкт-Петербург из Нижнего Новгорода. Отец будущего физика происходил из известного московского еврейского семейства — его дед, Моисей Миронович Россиянский, в 60-х годах XIX века стал одним из основателей еврейской общины Москвы. Дед Ильи Михайловича, Людвиг Семёнович Франк (1844—1882), выпускник Московского университета (1872), переселился в Москву из Виленской губернии во время Польского восстания 1863 года. В качестве военного врача участвовал в русско-турецкой войне 1877—1878 годов, будучи удостоенным ордена Святого Станислава и дворянства. Брат отца (дядя Ильи Михайловича Франка) — крупный русский философ Семён Людвигович Франк; другой брат — художник, скульптор, сценограф и книжный иллюстратор Леон (Лев Васильевич) Зак (псевдоним Леон Россиянский, 1892—1980), бывший в 1910-х годах одним из идеологов движения эгофутуристов (под поэтическим псевдонимом Хрисанф).