Johann Adolf Oswald Langer

https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Langer (in Czech) - how is he related to? Norbert Langer

Johann Adolf Oswald Langer (??? - March 25, 1921 Wrocław [1]%29 was an Austrian businessman and politician of German nationality from Moravia; Member of the Moravian Land Assembly and Mayor of Šternberk. From 1912 to 1919 he was mayor of Šternberk. [2] He became mayor in 1912 after Josef Fiedler resigned.

He is listed as a manufacturer. [3] He co-owned Norbert Langer & Söhne. [1] This textile company for linen, cotton and silk goods was founded on October 18, 1821 by Norbert Langer and his sons, Franz and Carl. On June 23, 1853, she was granted the authority for the production of linen and cotton goods by a decree of the district governor's office in Sternberg. The company's founder Norbert Langer died in October 1848. On March 8, 1854, it was transformed into a public trading company. In 1867, Carl and August Langer were deleted from the company's partners due to their deaths. They were replaced by the former silent partner Norbert Langer, a factory owner in Oskava, as well as Carl and Adolf Langer from Šternberk, Otto Langer from Libina and Franz Langer Jr. In 1878, Franz Langer was abolished and replaced by Karl and Wilhelm Langer.

Another change in the Commercial Register took place in 1886, when Norbert Langer (died) and Otto and Franz Langer (left the company) were deleted as partners. From January 5, 1886, the company was run by a collective power of attorney consisting of Heinrich Kunz and Adolf Meissner. Kunz became a public partner of the company in 1893, in 1901 he left the company. Meanwhile, in 1893, Otto Langer, a merchant in Vienna, Johann Langer, a factory owner in Šternberk, and Adolf Langer Jr., a factory owner in Libina, Germany, joined the company. The company gradually grew.

At the end of the 19th century, subsidiary plants were established, first in Vienna (Salvatorgasse 6, founded in 1863), in Nízký Dřevíč (founded in 1895) and in Ústí nad Orlicí (established in 1904). At the beginning of the 20th century, he also became involved in high politics. In the state elections in 1913, the German district of Šternberk was elected to the Moravian Land Assembly, as the city curia. [5] In 1906 he was listed as a German free-spirited candidate (German Progressive Party). [6] After the founding of Czechoslovakia, in early 1919 he was chairman of the executive committee for the elections to the German National Assembly for the political district of Šternberk. [7] These were the structures of the short-lived province of Sudetenland, which intended to join German Austria under the right to self-determination. He died after a short illness in March 1921 in Wroclaw. [1]

Nástin vývoje textilního průmyslu ve Šternberku v letech 1850–1918 - Dubská Pavla: Outline of the Development of the Textile Industry in Šternberk in the Years 1850–1918. For centuries, the town of Šternberk was closely associated with textile production which was an important part of the town’s economy until the middle of the 20th century. There had long been a tradition of producing linen fabrics but since the end of the 18th century, the sales were increasingly threatened by competition from the more practical and cheaper cotton fabrics. In the first decades of the 19th century, most weavers in Šternberk managed to switch to the production of pure cotton or blended fabrics and Šternberk thus relatively quickly became one of the most important centres of the cotton industry in Moravia. The present study attempts to outline the basic development trends of the textile industry in Šternberk from the 1850s until the end of the First World War when the Industrial Revolution took place in most of its production phases. The fates of the most important companies are briefly described and attention is also paid to the production of silk fabrics which was carried out in Šternberk and the surrounding area by Viennese entrepreneurs since the middle of the 19th century.

".. Most important companies in 19th century; Carl Fiedler (zal. 1820), Franz Riedl (1820), Franz Chytil (1827), L. Jahn & Sohn (1830), E. & M. Mittag (1830), Gebrüder Gröger (1832), Franz Langer (1832), Joh. Gromann & Sohn (1833), Carl Augustin (1840), Josef Fiedler (1840), Johann Faukal (1842), Alois Jeuthner & Söhne (1842), Franz Jirgens (1842), Carl Mikulaschek & Sohn (1844), A. Münch (1845).31.

At this time, work was mainly done on simple looms, the first jacquard looms were probably brought to Šternberk by Karl Langer in 1832.32 From 1848, Karl Langer and his brother Franz ran the Norbert Langer & Söhne linen and cotton weaving mill, 33 whose origins were traditionally traced to 1792. At that time, Karl and Franzs father Norbert Langer became a weaving master in Sternberg and started working on his own account. The Langers belonged to the ancient Moravian families, whose oldest trace can be traced back to the 15th century near Svitavy. The family weaving tradition had its beginning with Simon Langer, who received a master's degree in Svitavy in the middle of the 17th century. The family got to the town of Šternberk through the weaver Andreas Langer, who he came here in 1754. A year later he obtained a master's degree and bought a house on suburb No. 25, where he set up his own workshop. His son Norbert, the founder, also learned in it of Norbert Langer & Söhne.34 Initially, Norbert mainly made linen canvas and grads, English canvas and scarves and plain canvas in his workshop.35 From the beginning, he also commissioned wage weavers, around in 1800, twenty states worked for him, two decades later there were already 78.36 of them in the year In 1820 he was granted a simple and a year later a formal provincial factory license for the production of linen and cotton goods, which entitled, among other things, to use the designation c. k. privileged factory. Norbert Langer was probably the first of the Sternberg weavers to receive this authorization. This year, he added his sons to his business Karel and Franz and thus created the public trading company Norbert Langer & Söhne, 37 which he had recorded at the Brno Bill of Exchange Court. The company was registered in the Commercial Register kept at the Regional Court in Olomouc in 1852.38 In the 1920s, the company also operated a sales warehouse in Vienna.39

The good financial development of the company enabled the Langers to buy more in the city at this time building, as well as the so-called monastery garden, where in the 60s they built a residential and commercial House. As mentioned above, Norberts son Karl brought him to Šternberk in 1832 the first jacquard looms, which enabled the Langers to expand their product range with new patterned goods. The company's production grew rapidly and in 1835 150 people worked for it states. At this time, the company also set up its own treatment plant and bleach, when it rebuilt the old one bleaching plant in Oskava (now the district of Šumperk) .40 In 1843, the annual production of the company ranged between 20,000 and 22,000 pieces of pure and mixed cotton goods with a length of 30 elbows and 5,000 to 6,000 pieces of linen goods.41 The quality of Langers products was soon appreciated bronze medal at the economic exhibition held in Vienna in 1845.42 During the 1950s and 1960s, investments were made mainly in the Oskava bleaching and finishing plant, which was closely related to the gradual modernization and mechanization of this part of the production process.43 From 1863, production gradually began to move from Sternberg to Germany. Libiny (today Libina, district Šumperk), in and around which there was quality and yet cheap labor. A hand loom was built here, where the jacquard looms were used made mainly fine and damask goods, damask tablecloths and placemats.44

In 1873, the company presented its products at the World's Fair in Vienna, where it was the representatives managed to establish contacts with overseas traders and thus expand the circle countries to which the goods were exported.45 So far, the goods have been sold mainly through markets in Brno, Pest, Debrecen, Vienna and Graz and exported to the Balkans and Italy.46 In the 1970s, the number of stocks working at Langer's plants was around 300, by 1885 it had risen to 400, a year later to 600. Also a manual cotton weaving mill, until then operated in Šternberk, switched to mechanical conditions when it was moved to Nízký Dřevíč near Hronov in Bohemia in 1895 (today part of Hronov, Náchod district) .47 In 1892, when the company celebrated 100 years of its existence, Langers plants consisted of a bleaching plant, a treatment plant, a residential and commercial building in Oskava, two residential and commercial buildings houses in Šternberk, one residential and commercial building and one factory building in German Libina. In the years 1892–1895, 150 mechanical looms were installed here and another 60 worked for the company in Žabokrce near Hronov. In addition, the Langers outsourced another 500 or so hand weavers.

At the beginning of the 20th century, significant investments were made in the production capacity of the Libina factory and the Oskava bleaching and treatment plant. In 1912, the number of mechanical weavers stocks located in the factory premises in Libina, Germany, increased by another 290 pieces. At the same time, a mechanical weaving mill in Ústí nad Orlicí se was purchased in 1902 100 looms, in 1918 a mechanical cotton weaving mill, a dressing room and a windmill were acquired in Roztoky-Circle (Semily district) with 476 states. After 1918, all management of the large company was transferred from Vienna to German Libina. Here, the operations were further expanded and modernized, since 1925, artificial silk has also been processed here, used mainly for the production of tea and coffee tablecloths. Just to add that in 1930 Langers plants counted four mechanical weaving mills with 1016 looms, two processing plants and one bleaching of yarns and goods, one mechanical sewing workshop and knitting plant, one dyeing plant and printer, one design and painting studio and one factory for the production of packaging materials. In total, the company employed between 2400 and 2800 people. A wide range of linen was produced, cotton and silk goods, such as placemats, hotel linen, swimming pools, sanatoriums, shipping and railway companies, fabrics for the military.48 Definitely was the seat company transferred from Sternberg to German Libina in 1942.49

Norbert Langer & Söhne has employed countless family members. Many of them were also active in public life. In connection with the town of Šternberk, we must not forget Adolf Langers dream in particular, who probably joined the family business in 1865 and became a public partner two years later.50 In 1862 he was involved in the establishment of the Sternberg Gymnastics Association, in the leadership of which he was actively involved another nine years. He was also a longtime member of the municipal committee. From 1868 until his death in 1909, he sat on the committee of the city savings bank, which he headed since 1872. For his public activities he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Order of Francis Joseph.51 On this let us mention Wilhelm Langer, who was a public partner of the company for years 1872–1893. He served as director of the Austro-Hungarian Bank in Vienna.52 However, he was undoubtedly one of the most prominent personalities of the family business the founder of the company Norbert Langer († 1848), his great-grandson and nephew of the above Adolfa sen., Adolf Langer jun., Who became a public partner of the company in 1893 and was until his death in 1934.53 He played a significant role in its development, e.g. when in 1897 he was one of the first in Europe to introduce jacquard for the production of tablecloths and place settings state with a system of endless punch cards, which he kept in the 80s of the 19th century patent Frenchman Jules Verdol. Langer placed great emphasis on the quality of the designs, therefore advocated for the company to employ two academic painters and more than twenty samplers and 40 painters. He was a commercial councilor and chairman of the Šumperk branch of the German Union of Industry in Czechoslovakia (Hauptverband der Deutschen Industrie der Tschechoslowakei) 54 and vice-president of the Leinenweber) .55 From 1918 to 1919 he served as mayor of the German Libina, of which he was an honorary citizen.56..."