Touman (Tóu màn chán yú)

Touman (Turkish: Teoman, Tuman) was the earliest known Hiungnu (Xiongnu) chanyu, reigning from 220 BC to 209 BC.

He reformed the Hunnic nomad military system, formed the army unit of 10000 men: Tumen. This later became the base unit of the armies of steppe tribes. During his reign, he united the nomadic tribes living in Mongolia and invaded Northern China.

With this new military, his son Mao-Tun (Mete Han) could establish the Asian Hun Empire.

Many Turkish historians consider Teoman to be the founder of the first proto-Turkic state preceding the division of the Huns, the Turks, the Mongols, and other Altaic and Uralic peoples.

His name's meaning is straight, raw, packed and hard smoke in old Hunnic

Chanyu (Chinese: 單于; Chinese: 单于; pinyin: Chányú; short form for Chengli Gutu Chanyu (Chinese: 撐犁孤塗單于; pinyin: Chēnglí Gūtu Chányú)) was the title used by the nomadic supreme rulers of Inner Asia for eight centuries and was superseded by the title "Khagan" in 402 CE.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TouMen

http://www.angelfire.com/ego/et_deo/asia2europe.wps.htm

http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Hunnish

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanyu

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiongnu

http://fabpedigree.com/s004/f355927.htm