Count Werigand of Istria-Friuli

Weriand / Werihen lll

• Graf Werigand of Istria-Friaul / Count Werigand of Istria-Friuli
• von Istrien / del Friuli
• Name variants: Werigandus, Werigant, Weriant, Wergant, Werichen, Werihent, Werinhent, Varient, Warientus, Wezzelin
• Count of Friuli and Istria; Vogt (bailiff) of the Duke of Carinthia and of St. Peter in Salzburg

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Biography

Margraves (Marchesi) of Istria retrieved 1 April 2022

Weriand was made Count of Friuli and Istria (large estates that were then part of the Carinthian duchy) from the hands of Emperor Otto III. He married Willibirg of Sieghardinger (b. after 1040) who was the daughter of Ulrich, Count of Carniola (Sieghardinger), and Richgardis of Viebach (Eppensteiner), and sister of Eberhard Marchese di Carniola and Graf von Ebersberg, who died without surviving issue.

German Wikipedia retrieved 31 March 2022

Werigand (around 970; † around 1051) was Count of Friuli and Istria as well as bailiff of the Duke of Carinthia and Vogt of St. Peter in Salzburg.

Werigand was probably a son of Azzo (Adalbert), who was the bailiff of Patriarch Rodoald of Aquileia in Istria in 965. He managed important church fiefdoms of Aquileia.

In 1001, King Otto III donated half of Silikano Castle and Gorizia Court and the associated land between Isonzo and Wippach and mountains to the Count. The recipient of the other half, Patriarch Johann, fought the donation, but was rejected at the court day of Verona in the same year; the document refers to Werigand as the count of the county of Friuli.

At the court day on the 19th May 1027 in Verona, which King Konrad II held to decide on the dispute between Patriarch Poppo of Aquileia and Duke Adalbero of Carinthia, Count Werigand appears under the name Wezzelin as the bailiff of the Duke and as an commandment of violence.[ 1]

In a document of a Wildbann award to Patriarch Poppo in 1028, Werigand appears as Count Warientus in Gau Friuli.[ 2]

Around 1051, several donations from Countess Willibirg, his widow, were notarized in favor of Geisenfeld in memory of her husband Werigand.

A Ludwig, who can be found in 1056 and 1060 as Count of Friuli, could have been Werigand's son or grandson.

Family

Fontes Istrie Medievalis

• Werihen III, comes Foriiulii, comes Istriae († c. 1028)
• pater Azzonis
• maritus Williburge II, de Sempt-Ebersberg, comitisse
• pater Hademoudis II, comitisse
• pater Gerbrigis, abbatisse monasterii Geisenfeldensis
• pater Liutcardis

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German Wikipedia retrieved 31 March 2022

Werigand was married to Willibirg, hereditary daughter of Ebersberg († after 1056), daughter of Margrave Ulrich; her descendants were:

1. Azzo (Adalbert) (1028)
2. ? Ludwig (1056 and 1060 Count of Friuli)
3. Hadamut (Azzika), heiress of Istria, oo Poppo I of Weimar, Margrave of Istria
4. Liutgard, oo Engelbert IV., Count in the Puster Valley, Nori and Lavant Valley, Domvogt of Salzburg [disputed marriage]
5. Gerbirg, abbess in Geisenfeld

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Genealogy

B. COUNTS in ISTRIA and FRIULIA -https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/CARINTHIA.htm#WeriandMWillibirg

1. WERIAND [Wecellin?], son of --- (-1051). Conte in Istria and Friulia. A charter dated 3 Nov 1001 records a judgment relating to a grant by Emperor Otto III to "Uverihen comes" in a session at which "Fulco comes, Egelre comes, Lanfrancus comes, comites Vicentino atque Patavino Uualferam et Ceisulf comitibus…" were present[249].

m WILLIBIRG von Ebersberg, daughter of UDALRICH Graf von Ebersberg [Sieghardinger] & his wife Richardis von Viehbach [Eppensteiner] (-25 Nov after 1056). The Chronico Eberspergensi Posteriore names "Adalperonem et Eberhardum et Willibirgam et alias tres filias" as the children of "Udalricus" & his wife, recording in a later passage that Willibirg was "in eodem monasterio"[250]. Her marriage is deduced from the Chronico Eberspergense which names "Hadamuoden neptem suam [Oudalrici Eberspergensi] de filia Willibirga", specifying that her maternal grandfather granted her properties in "Sevun, Otacheresperc…Niuunchirchen …Huntilpach" as his sons had no surviving children[251]. She was the sister of Eberhard Marchese di Carniola and Graf von Ebersberg (see Part A. above), who died without surviving issue. It is not known whether she inherited Carniola from her brother and passed it to her husband. "Comitissa Willibirch" donated property to Geisenfeld monastery, at the request of "filie sue Liutkarde", in memory of "defunctique mariti Werigandi"[252]. "Domina Wilpurga mater Histriensium totius nobilitatis compos, quondam comitis et comitissa procreata" donated property to San Michele de Leme, with the consent of "domini Wecellini et…domini Woldorici et…filiorum et filiarum suarum…domni Joannis fratrumque suorum…domine Azciche filie sue", by charter dated 12 Jul 1040[253]. The necrology of Ebersberg records the death "VII Kal Dec" of "Willipirc com filia O"[254].

Weriand & his wife had two children:

• a) LIUTGARD . "Comitissa Willibirch" donated property to Geisenfeld monastery, at the request of "filie sue Liutkarde", in memory of "defunctique mariti Werigandi"[255].
• b) HADAMUT [Azica] (-after 1040). .. ... .... m POPPO von Weimar, son of WILHELM II "der Große" Graf im Visichgau [Weimar] & his wife --- (-13 Jul before 1044). He succeeded in 1012 as POPPO I Marchese di Carniola e Istria.

Additionally, primary sources show their daughter Gerberga, who became abbess of Geisenfeld.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_of_Istria

When after the deposition of the last Friulian duke Baldric, Emperor Louis the Pious at the 829 Reichstag in Worms divided his vast duchy into four marches. Istria with the March of Friuli was ruled from Aquileia by Margrave Eberhard and his Unruoching descendants. It became part of Middle Francia after the 843 Treaty of Verdun, and was allotted to Emperor Louis II's Italian kingdom in 855. The Unruoching margrave Berengar of Friuli even succeeded Charles the Fat as King of Italy in 888.

Imperial march After the German king Otto I had campaigned northern Italy under Berengar's grandson King Berengar II, in 952 he merged Friuli into the vast March of Verona, which he granted it to his brother Duke Henry I of Bavaria, who already controlled the adjacent Carinthian and Carniolan marches. After the deposition of Henry's son and successor Duke Henry the Wrangler in 976, Emperor Otto II separated Carinthia from the Bavaria as a duchy in its own right, ruled by Duke Henry the Younger who was also given suzerainty over the southeastern Bavarian marches, including Verona, Istria, Carniola and Styria.

There appear counts of Istria late in the 10th century, but Istria together with the March of Carniola was separated from the Carinthian duchy in 1040, when both were bestowed on the Thuringian Count Poppo of Weimar, heir by marriage to the last known Friulian margrave Weriand.

Disambiguation

Updated April 2022

Do not confuse Liutold & Willibirg with Weriand & Willibirg:

https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/BAVARIAN%20NOBILITY.htm#WilliburgE...

1. WERIAND [Wecellin?], son of --- (-1051). Conte in Istria and Friulia. A charter dated 3 Nov 1001 records a judgment relating to a grant by Emperor Otto III to "Uverihen comes" in a session at which "Fulco comes, Egelre comes, Lanfrancus comes, comites Vicentino atque Patavino Uualferam et Ceisulf comitibus…" were present[249].

m WILLIBIRG von Ebersberg, daughter of UDALRICH Graf von Ebersberg [Sieghardinger] & his wife Richardis von Viehbach [Eppensteiner] (-25 Nov after 1056).

Medlands quotes “Europäische Stammtafeln” and places Hadamot, Gerberga and Luitgard as daughters of Liutold, Comte de Montbéliard and his wife Williberga, Countess of Montbéliard in error. Primary sources about the Geisenfeld monastery show they are, in fact, children of Count Werigand of Istria-Friuli and his wife Williburga II, de Semta et Ebersberg, comitissa.

http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ALSACE.htm#_Toc508299223

Liutold & his wife Williberga had seven children: [not these three] -

a) HADAMOT . She is named as daughter of Liutold and Willibirg in Europäische Stammtafeln[216] but the primary source on which this is based has not been identified.

b) GERBERGA (-1061). She is named as daughter of Liutold and Willibirg in Europäische Stammtafeln[217] but the primary source on which this is based has not been identified. Abbess of Geisenfeld.

c) LIUTGARD . She is named as daughter of Liutold and Willibirg, with her husband, in Europäische Stammtafeln[218] but the primary source on which this is based has not been identified. m WERINGAND, son of --- (-1037/[1052]).

Disputed Identity

http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ALSACE.htm#LiutoldMWillibirg

c) LIUTGARD . She is named as daughter of Liutold and Willibirg, with her husband, in Europäische Stammtafeln[218] but the primary source on which this is based has not been identified. m WERINGAND, son of --- (-1037/[1052])

It appears the source has also “married” the daughter to her father.

In records

RI III,1 n. 95, in: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1027-05-19_1_0_3_1_0_181_95 (accessed on April 2, 2022).

1027 May 19, S. Zeno near Verona URI Notice

In the royal court under the presidency of Conrad and his son Heinrich (assessor Archbishop Poppo of Trier, the bishops Werner of Strasbourg, Bruno of Augsburg, Meinwerk (Megnardus) of Paderborn, Warmund of Constance, Udalrich of Trento, Rother of Treviso, Albuin of Belluno, Rigizo von Feltre and Helmenger von Ceneda, Margrave Hugo, the Counts Agizardus, Popo, Arduinus, Megenardus, Orekcerio (!), Ioannes, Magifredus and Regimbaldus, furthermore eleven named iudices sacri palatii, sixteen others named and others) appear the Patriarch Poppo von Aquileja] with his bailiff Walpert and
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adalbero,_Duke_of_Carinthia Duke Adalbero of Carinthia with Count Wecellin, his bailiff, qui et walpoto vocatur. The entitlement that the duke, by virtue of his ducal office, has to the fodrum and other taxes or public services, namely bread, wine, meat, grain and other taxes and public services towards the courts, castles, estates and the bonded and free occupants of the Church of Aquileia, is rejected on the basis of the testimony of the patriarch and his bailiff and after the latter has taken the oath with four accomplices, the knights of the church of Aquileia Varientus, Vbertus, Tubertus and Cono, after the duke has expressly renounced and in the event of infringement vowed a fine of 100 pounds of gold for himself and his followers. ‒ Arnoldus notarius et iudex sacri palatii; written according to the Lombard form. "Dum in Verona comitatu."

Original dating: (XIIII. cal. iunii, in Veronense comitatu in laubia sancti Zenonis)

References

• https://de.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werigand_(Friaul) cites:
  • GenMa
  • Karlmann Tangl: Die Grafen, Markgrafen und Herzöge aus dem Haus Eppenstein in AÖG 11 1853, books.google.at
• https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werigand_del_Friuli
• Josip Banic (ed.), Fontes Istrie medievalis, vol. 2: A 804 usque ad 1077, doc. 1045_HD, fontesistrie.eu/1045_HD (retrieved 31 March 2022) “Notices from the cartularies of the Ebersberg and Geisenfeld monasteries regarding the heirs of the house Sempt-Ebersberg: Williburga II, her daughter Hademoud II, and her grandson Ulrich I.” < link >
• https://www.alumni.cam.ac.uk/travel/istria-and-friuli “ The history of both Istria and Friuli is so rich and intricate that it is no wonder these two provinces command a special status within their own 'mother countries'. For millennia, people from all corners of Europe have lived, traded and fought along this coveted trade route between the Alps and the Adriatic. Today the region boasts a host of natural and cultural wonders from amazing karst geology to Roman, Byzantine, Venetian and Hapsburg monuments. …”
• RI III,1 n. 95, in: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1027-05-19_1_0_3_1_0_181_95 (accessed on April 2, 2022).
• RI III,1 n. 135, in: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1028-10-09_1_0_3_1_0_239_135 (accessed on April 2, 2022).
• Archive for Austrian History, Volumes 11-12. < GoogleBooks >
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adalbero,_Duke_of_Carinthia Adalbero of Eppenstein (c. 980 – 28 November 1039[1]) was Duke of Carinthia and Margrave of Verona from 1011 or 1012 until 1035.
• https://www.istrianet.org/istria/history/1000-1799AD/0799-1248_marg...
• Conrad II, 990-1039: Emperor of Three Kingdoms. By Herwig Wolfram. Page lll. < GoogleBooks >

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