Davyd Vseslavich of Polotsk

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prince Davyd Vseslavich of Polotsk

Russian: князь Давыд Всеславич Всеславич
Also Known As: "David"
Birthdate:
Birthplace: Polotsk, Ruthenia, Duchy of Polotsk
Death: after circa 1129
Constantinople / Константинополь, Византийская Империя, Byzantine Empire (Умер в изгнании )
Immediate Family:

Son of Vseslav of Polotsk
Father of Bryachislav Davydovich of Izyaslavl and Volodsha Davydovich
Brother of Rogvolod (Boris) of Polotsk; Gleb Vseslavich of Minsk; Sviatoslav of Vitebsk; Vseslavna of Polozki, kunigaikštytė and Roman Всеславич Polozki

Managed by: Private User
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About Davyd Vseslavich of Polotsk

Davyd (David) Vseslavich (between 1047 and 1057 - after 1129), Prince of Polotsk 1101-1127, 1128-1129, son of Vseslav Bryachislavich.

Biography

Davyd was born between 1047-1057, since in 1067 his father took with him two sons, most likely the eldest, for negotiations with the Kyiv prince. Davyd died after 1129 in exile in Byzantium.

The seniority of the sons of Vseslav is debatable. According to V. Picheta, during the division of the Principality of Polotsk into destinies, Davyd was deprived and did not receive possessions at all. Rapov considered him the third son of Vseslav. But the version of V. Danilevich, N. Baumgarten and L. Alekseev (318, p. 56), who considered Davyd the elder, is more probable. He probably inherited his father's throne in 1101 and was the prince of Polotsk by 1127, when he was driven out by the Polotsk' veche (summit). Also, the marriage of Davyd's son with the daughter of Mstislav the Great notes the eldest of the Polotsk princes. The son of a landless outcast could not have such opportunities. In addition, it was Davyd Vseslavich who led the Polotsk army in a campaign against the Polovtsy in 1103.

According to L. Voitovich, Davyd Vseslavich was the prince of Polotsk in 1101-1127, 1128-1129, but there are other versions.

In 1103, together with Vladimir Monomakh, he took part in the victory over the Polovtsians near the tract Suten, and in 1104, together with the Monomashichs, he unsuccessfully besieged his brother Gleb in Minsk. According to Rapov, the campaign against Gleb could have been aimed at protecting Davyd's property rights. In 1106 Davyd went to the Semigallians together with his brothers.

In 1127, the Polotsk people decided to expel Davyd from themselves. Upon learning of this, he summoned his son Bryachislav from Izyaslavl. But this did not help: the Polotsk people expelled Davyd from Polotsk, taking the young Rogvolod-Vasily as prince. Probably, then the civil strife of the latter with Davyd began, in which the Grand Duke Mstislav Vladimirovich the Great intervened, moving great forces against the Polotsk princes. Polochans took Rogvolod-Vasily to Mstislav and persuaded him to approve him on the throne of Polotsk, contrary to the right of seniority. Davyd was forced to leave for Izyaslavl. Probably, Rogvolod-Vasily recognized the supreme power of Kyiv.

Obviously, Davyd did not accept the loss of Polotsk. In 1129 Mstislav went on a campaign against the Polovtsy and called for the participation of the Polotsk princes. Davyd and the others mockingly refused. Moreover, probably, when Mstislav fought with the Polovtsy, Davyd again began civil strife with Rogvolod-Vasily. Returning from the campaign, Mstislav sent his commanders to the Polotsk land; they captured almost all the Polotsk princes, incl. David and his son, and brought them to Kyiv. In 1130, the “trial of the Russian princes” took place over the Polotsk princes, according to which they were sent to Byzantium together with their families.

Davyd did not return from exile; he probably died in Byzantium.

Marriage and children

The wife's name is unknown.

Children:

  • Bryachislav
  • Volodsha Davydovich

О Давыде Всеславиче, князе Полоцком (русский)

Давы́д Всесла́вич (между 1047 и 1057 — после 1129), князь Полоцкий 1101 — 1127, 1128 — 1129, сын Всеслава Брячиславича. Князь Полоцкий, от Рюрика VIII колено, был женат на дочери Киевского Князя Мстислава Владимировича, умер в изгнании

Биография

Родился между 1047—1057 гг., так как в 1067 г. на переговоры с киевским князем его отец взял с собой двух сыновей, обычно старших, которым не могло быть меньше 10 лет, а скорее они были уже зрелыми мужьями под 20 лет. Умер после 1129 г. в изгнании в Византии.

Старшинство сыновей Всеслава дискуссионно. По мнению В. Пичеты Давыд при разделе Полоцкого княжества на уделы был обделен и совсем не получил владений. Рапов считал его третьим сыном Всеслава. Но более вероятна версия В. Даниловича, Н. Баумгартена и Л. Алексеева (318, с.56), которые считали Давыда старшим. Наверное он унаследовал отцовский стол в 1101 г. и был полоцким князем к 1127 г., когда его прогнало полоцкое вече. Да и брак сына Давыда с дочерью Мстислава Великого указывает на старшего из полоцких князей. Сын безземельного изгоя таких возможностей не мог иметь. Кроме того именно Давыд Всеславич возглавлял полоцкое войско в походе на половцев в 1103 г.

В 1103 г. вместе с Владимиром Мономахом участвовал в поражении половцев близ урочища Сутень, а в 1104 г. с Мономашичами осаждал брата своего Глеба в Минске. В 1106 г. Давыд вместе с братьями ходил на Зимеголу (Семигалию). В 1127 г. великий князь Мстислав I Владимирович двинул на полоцких князей большие силы; полочане сами выгнали от себя Давыда, которого Мстислав отправил через два года в заточение в Константинополь; после того летописи ничего о нём не говорят.

По мнению Л. Войтовича Давыд Всеславич был полоцким князем в 1101—1127, 1128—1129 годах, но встречаются и другие версии. Так на сайте Obsidian’s Lair Давыд показан князем Изяславским в 1101—1116, 1127—1128.

Брак и дети

Имя жены неизвестно.

Дети:

  • Брячислав
  • Володша Давыдович

Ссылки

  • Давид Всеславич // Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона : в 86 т. (82 т. и 4 доп.). — СПб., 1890—1907.
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Davyd Vseslavich of Polotsk's Timeline

1047
1047
Polotsk, Ruthenia, Duchy of Polotsk
1090
1090
Полоцк, Полоцкое Княжество
1100
1100
1129
1129
Age 82
Constantinople / Константинополь, Византийская Империя, Byzantine Empire