Manor of Alverton, Cornwall, Engalnd

The Manor of Alverton was a former manorial estate located in the hundred of Penwith, west Cornwall, England, UK.

History

The first historical details of the manor were recorded in the Domesday book which stated that before the Norman conquest the manor was owned by a Saxon lord known as Alward.[1] There were 3 hides of land but Alward had paid tax only for 2 hides. There was land for 16 ploughs of which 5 were owned by the lord who had 7 serfs. 15 villeins and 25 smallholders held the rest of the land and had 8 ploughs. There was 60 acres (240,000 m2) of woodland and 300 acres (1.2 km2) of pasture. The livestock was 4 wild mares, 10 cattle and 180 sheep. The annual value was £20 but it had formerly paid £8.[2] Following the conquest lordship of the manor passed to Robert, Count of Mortain, the half brother of William the Conqueror. In 1230 the manor was granted by Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall (younger brother of King Henry III) to Henry le Tyes. The manor remained the property of the Le Tyes family until 1322 when Henry Lord Tyes took part in the revolt against King Edward II and was executed, his estate passing to his sister Alice Lisle.

Between this date and 1563 the manor passed between a number of members of the Lisle family and the crown. In 1611 the manor was sold to George and Thomas Whitmore who in turn sold it to Richard Daniell (his stepfather), a Truro merchant.[3] For a complete list of known Lords of the Manor of Alverton see below.[4]

The manor estate itself was located largely within, and near to, the current civil parish of Penzance and included much of the settlements of Newlyn, Mousehole and Madron.[5]

Relationship with Penzance

The manor of Alverton was influential in the history and development of Penzance; the lords of the manor secured its first charters and maintained its early harbour and market before the town received borough status in 1614. The manor of Alverton was also the owner of the site of the Penzance market house[6] for which its titular lord continued to receive rent until 1936. The early period of Penzance's history was also defined by ongoing disputes between Penzance Town Council and the manor of Alverton including a dispute over the right to dry nets on the 'Western Green' (now Penzance promenade) and the right to grind grain within the borough boundaries.

Lords of the Manor of Alverton

Below is a partial list of the holders of the title Lord of the Manor of Alverton. The dates are taken from mention in historical documents formerly held by Penzance Borough Council and do not reflect length of ownership.

• Until 1066 Alward (a Saxon lord)
• From 1066 to 1095 Robert, Count of Mortain
• Between 1095 and 1230 vested in the ownership of the Earl of Cornwall
• After 1230 Henry Le Tyes
• Held by the Le Tyes family until 1322
• 1327 Alice De Lisle
• 1379 to 1399 Robert, Lord Lisle[7]
• Before 1611 James I
• 1611 – 1614 George Whitmore
• 1614 Richard Daniell
• 1635 Alexander Daniell
• 1649 Richard Daniell
• 1663 William Keigwin
• Held by the Keigwin family until 1726
• 1726 George Veale
• c. 1780 Mr. Hitchens/Capt. Cuthbert Baines/Mr. Jenkin
• c. 1815 James Halse
• Later held by Uriah Tonkin
• Held by the Tonkin family until 1936
• 1936 Richard Edmund Tonkin

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References

Jump up ^ Taylor, Thomas & Salzman, L. F., eds. (1924) A History of the county of Cornwall; Part 8: The Domesday Survey for Cornwall; introduction by L. F. Salzman; translation of the text by Thomas Taylor Jump up ^ Thorn, C., et al., eds. (1979) Cornwall. Chichester: Phillimore; entry 5,1,11 Jump up ^ Pool, P. A. S. (1974) History of the Borough and Town of Penzance. Penzance Town Council Jump up ^ Pool (1974); pp. 11, 12, 16, 18, 21, 23–24 33, 35–37, 66–69, 210 Jump up ^ Extent of the Property of Henry Tyes in the Manor of Alverton 25 June 1322 Jump up ^ Conveyance by Richard Daniell to Penzance Corporation of the site of the Penzance Market House 11 January 1615 Jump up ^ Pool P. A. S. (1974) History of the Borough and Town of Penzance p. 16. Penzance: Corporation of Penzance http://west-penwith.org.uk/madron4.htm Lake’s Parochial History, 1868: Madron (includes a paragraph on the manor)

External links

'Alverton: West of Penzance' by Paul Mason