Noted that mrs. beeton suffered and died from this, as did many others but not so many today. Puerperal fever: Fever that lasts for more than 24 hours within the first 10 days after a woman has had a baby. Puerperal fever is due to an infection, most often of the placental site within the uterus. If the infection involves the bloodstream, it constitutes puerperal sepsis. Modern hygene prevents this in most cases today so if you were unfamiliar this is what it is.