http://www.celtic-casimir.com/webtree/12/70888.htm

Oda VON BABENBERG

Wuchs im Kloster Ringelheim bei Goslar auf, wurde von ihrer Mutter frei gekauft und an den russischen Fürsten Svjatoslav von Kiew verheiratet. Nach seinem Tod zog sie zurück in die Heimat, scheint eher eine Flucht als eine Reise gewesen zu sein. Sie hatte vorher Geld vergraben lassen und tötete alle die davon wussten damit es keiner fände. Der Sohn Warteslav, den sie mit genommen hatte, ging nach Kiew zurück um den Platz seines Vaters einzunehmen. Er grub auch die Schätze wieder aus und verwendete sie für sich.

Info:
Zajac_Natalia_A_201711_PhD_thesis.pdf

11. Sviatoslav Yaroslavich and Oda of Stade in 1070 (or before 1073) 457 Father of bride: Liupold of Stade (d. 1043) or Liupold Babenberg (d. 1043)137 Mother of bride: Ida of Elstorpe (d. after 1085) Father of groom: Yaroslav the Wise (d. 1054) Mother of groom: Ingigerd Olofsdotter of Sweden (d. 1050) Children: Yaroslav Sviatoslavich of Murom (d. 1129) and possibly a daughter, perhaps the maternal grandmother of the Seljuq sultan of Rûm, Kilij Arslan II (r. 1156-11898/1192). Comments: The main information about the marriage between Oda of Stade and Sviatoslav Yaroslavich (d. 1076) comes from the thirteenth-century Annales Stadenses by Albert of Stade. 138 This chronicle provides the information that Oda was the daughter of the German noblewoman Ida of Elstorpe and that Oda was originally intended to be a nun in the monastery of “Riteln” (probably Ringelheim near Goslar), but that instead she married a “the King of Rus’, to whom she born a son, “Warteslaw.”139 A key clue to the former’s identity is provided by the further statement of the Annales Stadenses that, “Ida’s son was also Burchard, the maior provost of Trier.”140 A. V. 137 The older assumption that Oda’s father was Count Liupold of Stade has also been challenged by genealogists, who have identified him instead as Liupold Babenberg (d. 1043), margrave of the Hungarian march, Nazarenko, Drevniaia Rus’, 512-514 and genealogical table 2, 513. 138 Annales Stadenses, ed. Lappenberg, sub anno 1112, 319. 139 “Iste namque Ida, nobilis femina de Suevia nata, in villa Elsthorpe manens, hereditatem habuit, que adhuc hereditas Ide dicitur. Hec fuit filia fratris imperatoris Heinrici III, filia quoque sororis Leonis pape, qui et Bruno. Hec nupsit Lippoldo, filio domine Glismodis, et peperit Odam sanctimonialem de Rinthelen, quam postea claustro absolvit, recompensans villam Stedethorp prope Heslinge pro filia, et tradidit regi Ruzie, cui peperit filium Warteslaw,” Ibid., 319. The monastery of “Riteln” was only founded in 1227, and so according to Richard G. Hucke, Oda was probably given instead to the monastery of Ringelheim, Die Grafen von Stade: 900 - 1144; Genealogie; politische Stellung, Comitat und Allodialbesitz der sächsischen Udonen (Stade: Selbstverlag des Stader Geschichts- und Heimatvereins, 1956), 68-69. 140 “Item Idae filius fuit Burchardus, Treverensis maior praepositus [%E2%80%A6]”, Annales Stadenses, ed. Lappenberg, 320. Buchard-Poppo was the provost of the collegiate church of Saint-Simeon in Trier, not of Trier cathedral. Heyen, “Simeon und Buchard-Poppo,” 200-205 and Nazarenko, Drevniaia Rus’, 507-508 (who notes, however, that Heyer gives an incorrect genealogy for Oda).

Nazarenko also draws attention to a newly-discovered source on the marriage extant in one copy of Herman of Reichenau’s continuation of the chronicle of Saint-Gall, which gives the following report under the year 1072: “The King of the Rus’ married the daughter of Count Liupold and Lady Ida of Elstorpe at this time through the mediation of King Henry [IV].”141 The identity of “Warteslaw” in the Annales Stadenses and the Rus’ prince whom Oda married had previously been a subject of scholarly debate. 142 Nicholas de Baumgarten claimed Oda as the wife of Sviatoslav Yaroslavich’s eldest brother, Vladimir (d. 1052) and interpreted “Warteslaw” as “Rostislav.”143 This erroneous identification of Oda’s Rus’ husband has been subsequently disputed by a number of scholars, for instance (recently) Alexandr Nazarenko, who provides a detailed discussion and summary of previous genealogical studies. 144 The fact that the “king of the Rus’” mentioned by the Annales Stadenses can be identified as Sviatoslav Yaroslavich is confirmed by a comparative reading of the Annales Stadenses with the eleventh- century contemporary chronicle of Lampert of Hersefeld, which mentions that Burchard was sent on embassy to Rus’ in 1075 to Sviatoslav, whose wife was Burchard’s sister. 145 141 “Rex Rittulorum filiam Luvpaldi comitis et domine Ite de Oterisburc his temporibus rege Heinrico mediante uxorem ducit,” as cited in Ibid., 515 citing an early modern copy of Hermann of Reichenau (Herman the Lame’s) chronicle, Hermanni Augiensis Continuatio Sangallensis (no shelf mark or further details given), folia 17r-17v, as printed in an forthcoming edition of Alois Schütz, “whose publication now has been delayed indefinently”! (“…nyne otlozheno na neopredelennnyi srok”). Nazarenko identifies “Rutili” as an ethnonym referring to the Rus’. Thanks to Dr. Horst Zimmerhackl at the Monumenta Germaniae Historica (Personal Correspondance, May 19 2015), I have been able to ascertain that the manuscript in question is Augsburg 2o Codex 254. A full manuscript description may be found at: Wolf Gehrt, Die Handschriften der Staats- und Stadtbibliothek Augsburg 2o Cod 251400e. Vol. 4: Handschriftenkataloge der Staats- und Stadtbibliothek Augsburg, (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1989), digitized by Manuscripta Mediaevalia, last accessed May 19 2015, <http://www.manuscriptamediaevalia.de/hs/kataloge/HSK0206.htm>. See also < http://www.mgh-bibliothek.de/archiv/k/K_00058.htm > for the future plans to published an edition of this manuscript. 142 Bloch, “Beziehungen,” 189-191, Nazarenko, Drevniaia Rus’, 506-512 143 Baumgarten, “Généalogies et mariages occidentaux,” table 1, no. 22 and no. 22, 8-9. 144 Nazarenko, Drevniaia Rus’, 506-512. Prior to Baumgarten, other scholars beginning with N. M. Karamzin identified the “king of the Rus’” of the Annales Standenses with Viacheslav Yaroslavich (d. 1057), a young son of Yaroslav the Wise, Ibid., 508 with extensive further bibliography. 145 Burchard’s embassy to Trier took place after Iziaslav Yaroslavich complained to Emepror Heinrich IV at Mainz of being exiled by his brother, Sviatoslav: Lamperti Monachi Hersfeldensis Opera, ed. Holder-Egger, 202. The arrival of German envoys in Kyiv is also described in PVL, ed. Ostrowski, vol. 10.3, 1599-1602.

A further piece of genealogical information concerning Oda’s and Sviatoslav’s marriage comes from the frontpiece miniature of Sviatoslav Yaroslavich’s Izbornik (miscellany) of 1073 (Moscow, GIM, Ms. Synod. 31-d, fol. 1v). 146 Sviatoslav Yaroslavich stands to the very right of the image, holding a red codex, and offering it to Christ. To his left stands a woman labelled as “the princess” (“knęgyni”), with her arms around a little boy standing in front of her. Behind Sviatoslav are his four tall sons: three are visible while only the rounded fur cap of the fourth, standing behind the princess, can be seen. Each of them is carefully labelled: Gleb, Oleg, David, Roman. 147 The miniature suggests that Sviatoslav Yaroslavich was twice married since it clearly distinguishes between the adult sons and the little boy standing by his second wife. 148 According to this widely-accepted theory, Sviatoslav would have been twice married and Oda would have been his second wife. The name of Sviatoslav’s first wife Kilikiia (“Cecilia”) is known its listing in a seventeenthcentury necrology originating from the monastery of Saint Anthony in Liubech (near Chernihiv in present-day Ukraine), which is believed to be based on earlier sources. 149 Kilikiia’s origins are debated and can only be guessed on her name. Martin Dimnik considers her to be a Greek woman, believing that her name to refer to the Byzantine province of Cilicia. 150 The little boy in the miniature, Oda of Stade’s son, can be identified with Yaroslav Sviatoslavich (d. 1129), who is mentioned in the Rus’ chronicles as Sviatoslav’s youngest son, and with 146 Izbornik Sviatoslava 1073 goda, fol. 1v. 147 Gleb Sviatoslavich, the oldest son, was killed in 1078. Roman Sviatoslavich was killed the next year, in 1079. Oleg Sviatoslavich died in 1115, and David Sviatoslavich died in 1123; Bloch, “Beziehungen,” 191. 148 Ibid., 190-192; Hellmann, “Die Heiratspolitik,” 21; Pashuto, Vneshniaia politika, n. 28, 326; Dimnik, Chernigov, 1054-1146, 36-37; Nazarenko, Drevniaia Rus’, 516-519. 149 R. V Zotov, ed. and commentary, O Chernigovskikh kniaziakh po Liubetskomu sinodiku i o chernigovskom kniazhestvĕ v Tatarskoe vremia (Saint Petersburg: Izdanie Arkheograficheskoi komissii, 1892), 24; Bloch, “Beziehungen,” 190; Dimnik, Chernigov 1054-1146, xv and 37; Nazarenko, Drenviaia Rus’, 517. Although Narazenko has argued that“Kilikiia” was Oda’s Orthodox baptismal name (Ibid., 517) this seems unlikely because the Liubetskii sinodik makes no mention of Oda’s son Yaroslav while it does mention his sons from his first wife. The necrology therefore seems to have been made before Sviatoslav’s second marriage took place, Dimnik, Chernigov 1054-1146, 37. 150 Dimnik, Chernigov, 1054-1146, 37. The historiography on Kilikiia/Celicia is summarized and discussed in Raffensperger, Ties of Kinship, 46.

“Warteslaw”, who according to the Annales Stadenses was Oda’s only son by the Rus’ 460 “king.”151 An unclear reference in the chronicle of Arnold of Lübeck (d. 1211/1214) has led A. V. Nazarenko to hypothesize that Oda and Sviatoslav also had a daughter.152 After Sviatoslav Yaroslavich’s death in 1076 Oda returned to her Saxon family along with her son Yaroslav.153 Oda’s Rus’ connections were not forgotten, however, since her son Yaroslav Sviatoslavich returned to Rus’ around 1096, supposedly recovering the treasure that his mother had left for him, and going on to rule the cities of Murom and, briefly, Chernihiv (Chernigov).154 After Sviatoslav’s death, Oda remarried in Saxony and had a daughter called Aliarina by her second (unknown) husband. 155 Oda’s death is recorded in the necrology of Hildersheim under July 2nd. 156 151 Dimnik, Chernigov 1054-1146, 36-37. According to the pilgrimage itinerary (Khozhdeniia) of Abbot Daniil, Yaroslav had a second Orthodox saint’s name, Pankraty, Ibid, 266; Nazarenko, Drevniaia Rus’, 517, and idem, “Mezhkonfessionalnye braki,” 283. 152 According to Arnold of Lübeck’s late twelfth/early thirteenth-century Chronicles of the Slavs, when the Saxon Duke Heinrich the Lion (1142-1180) came to Tarsus in 1172 on his return from a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, he was surprised to be welcomed as a kinsman by the Seljuq sultan Kilij Arslan II (r. 1156-11898/1192). Arslan kissed and embraced him, and told the Saxon duke that, “A certain noble matron from the land of the Germans married the king of the Rus’, who fathered from her a daughter, whose daughter came into our land, from whom I descended,”: “Dux autem illuc perveniens magnifice susceptus est a Turcis et inde deductus est Axarat, ubi occurit ei soldanus letissimus, amplexans et deosculans eum, dicens, eum consanguineum suum esse. Cumque dux perquireret affinitatem consanguinitatis, ille respondit: ‘Quedam nobilis matrona de terra Theutonicorum nupsit regi Ruthenorum, qui genuit ex ea filiam, cuius filia devenit in terram nostram, de qua ego descendi,’” Arnoldi Chronica Slavorum, ed. Lappenberg 24, discussed in Nazarenko, Drevniaia Rus’, 643. According to Nazarenko’s hypothesis, Kilij Arslan and Henry the Lion would be related through Oda’s mother, Ida of Elsdorf: See the genealogical table in Nazarenko, Ibid., 646. 153 “Sed rege mortuo, Oda infinitam pecuniam in oportunis locis sepeliri fecit, et in Saxoniam rediit cum filio et parte pecunie, et sepultores occidi fecit, ne proderent,” Annales Stadenses, ed. Lappenberg, sub anno 1112, 319. 154 “Warteslaw autem revocatus in Ruziam pro patre regnavit,” Ibid., sub anno 1112, 319. Yaroslav Sviatoslavich later (1097) ruled as prince of Murom and Riazan, becoming the founder of the ruling line of that region, but the identity of his wife (with whom he had three sons) is unknown. In 1123 he ruled in Chernihiv (Chernigov) but was driven out of the city by his nephew Vsevolod Olgevich in 1127 and was unable to regain it. From 1127 to his death in 1129, Yaroslav returned to Murom. His career as a Rus’ prince and the domains that he ruled are discussed in Dimnik, Dynasty of Chernigov 1054-1146, 188-189, 199, 202-203, 208, 212, 221, 238-239, 245, 265-267, 301, 303305, 307-308, 311-312, 314-315, 319-321. 155 “ [%E2%80%A6] Oda in Saxoniam rediit [%E2%80%A6] Et cuidam nubens, peperit filiam Aliarinam, matrem comitis Burchardi de Lucken [%E2%80%A6]”, Annales Stadenses, ed. Lappenberg, sub anno 1112, 319, Hucke, Die Grafen von Stade, 69. 156 Ibid., 69.