Ba-Vi-Ne 'Guy' Crow Neck

Guy was a Southern Cheyenne man

Cheyenne/Arapaho Camp Near Fort Reno, Oklahoma

Blaine County was one of several counties created by the Land Run of 1892. It was designated as county "C" beginning in 1890 before the land run. The area was settled by Creek and Seminole, whom the federal government relocated to the area in the 1820s and 1830s. The Cheyenne and Arapaho tribes were relocated to the area from Colorado in 1869 after the Reconstruction Treaties of 1866 had taken the land back from the Creek and Seminole.

Oklahoma Territory. (2024, January 20). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oklahoma_Territory

The Cheyenne and Arapaho were forced into Indian Territory by the Medicine Lodge Treaty in 1867. The original Arapahoe homeland is in the northeast/central region of Colorado, Wyoming, Minnesota, Nebraska, and Kansas. The Cheyenne territory stretched from Montana to Texas and included the Oklahoma Panhandle and the areas around the Cimarron and Washita Rivers.

The Cheyennes and Arapahos are two distinct tribes with distinct histories. The Cheyenne and Arapaho allied in the 18th and 19th centuries. Together they were a formidable military force, successful hunters, and active traders with other tribes. At the height of their alliance, their combined hunting territories spanned from Montana to Texas.

The Arapaho signed the Fort Laramie Treaty with the U.S. in 1851. It recognized and guaranteed their rights to traditional lands in portions of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, and Wyoming. The U.S. could not enforce the treaty, however, and European-American trespassers overran Indian lands. There were repeated conflicts between settlers and members of the tribes.

The U.S. government brought the tribes to council again in 1867 to achieve peace under the Medicine Lodge Treaty. It promised the Arapaho a reservation in Kansas, but they disliked the location. They accepted a reservation with the Cheyenne in Indian Territory, so both tribes were forced to remove south near Fort Reno at the Darlington Agency in present-day Oklahoma.

The Dawes Act broke up the Cheyenne-Arapaho land base. All land not allotted to individual Indians was opened to settlement in the Land Run of 1892. The Curtis Act of 1898 dismantled the tribal governments in an attempt to have the tribal members assimilate to United States conventions and culture.

The Cheyenne (Tsitsistas/ The People) were once agrarian, or agricultural, people located near the Great Lakes in present-day Minnesota. Grinnell notes the Cheyenne language is a unique branch of the Algonquian language family and, The Nation itself, is descended from two related tribes, the Tsitsistas and the Suh' Tai. The latter is believed to have joined the Tsitsistas in the early 18th century (1: 1–2). The Tsitsistas and the Suh' Tai are characterized, and represented by two cultural heroes who received divine articles which shaped the time-honored belief systems of the Southern and Northern families of the Cheyenne Nation. It is the Southern Cheyenne who inhabit the Oklahoma Territories.

The Dawes Act broke up the Cheyenne-Arapaho land base. All land not allotted to individual Indians was opened to settlement in the Land Run of 1892. The Curtis Act of 1898 dismantled the tribal governments in an attempt to have the tribal members assimilate into United States conventions and culture. After the Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act was passed in 1936, the Cheyenne and Arapaho organized a single tribal government in 1937.

Casteel, Chris. “Court Says Cheyenne-Arapaho Reservation No Longer Exists.” The Oklahoman, 9 Dec. 2022.

The Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals on Thursday rejected a claim that the state has no criminal jurisdiction within the historical boundaries of the Cheyenne and Arapaho reservation, saying Congress and the tribes agreed to disestablish the reservation years before Oklahoma became a state.

The court, ruling unanimously, pointed to prior cases “holding that Congress disestablished the Cheyenne-Arapaho Reservation when it ratified the Allotment and Cession Agreement with the Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes in the Act of March 3, 1891.”

The former reservation is no longer Indian Country within the meaning of federal law, the court said.

Biography:

Ba-Vi-Ne 'Guy" Crow Neck was born probably on the Cheyenne Arapahoe Reservation, Indian Territory, c. 1901 to parents Crow Neck and his wife Ah-No-Va-A "Grief' Crow Neck

Guy died in the Canton Asylum on July 26, 1920, due to epileptic convulsions.

According to the letter dated February 23, 1934, by Dr. L.L. Culp to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, Guy was buried in the Canton Hiawatha Cemetery tier 1 plot 73 and confirms his date of death as 7-26-20.

His profile is part of the The Canton Asylum One Place Study.

Research Notes:
-The death date is incorrect at Find a Grave, Carla Joinson established a date of death as July 26, 1920, based on documents at the Asylum, and this is confirmed by Dr. L.L. Culp's letter of February 23, 1934.
-The document 1921 May 29 - "Oklahoma, School Records, 1895-1968", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QLB6-F7R8 : Wed Nov 01 03:28:07 UTC 2023), Entry for Guy Crow Neck and Crow Neck, 1921, pg. 797/862, Enrollment card, Canton, Blaine, Oklahoma, United States for Guy who is now 20 (his sister had married) (Curator Note: the adjacent card is annotated "Not Here" so why is this card here when Guy was admitted to Canton on April 15, 1919, and in Canton by census Jan 30, 1920)

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Sources:

1901 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:6N19-6WDK : Thu Oct 05 16:37:43 UTC 2023), Entry for Guy Crow Neck, 1901, pg. 521/731, line 344, census of the Cheyenne and Arapahoe Indians, Cheyenne Arapahoe Agency, Oklahoma Territory

1902 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:6NBG-BYXB : Thu Oct 05 14:35:35 UTC 2023), Entry for Guy Crow Neck, 1902, pg. 598/731, line 572, census of the Cheyenne Indians, Cheyenne and Arapahoe Agency, Okla

1906 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:6N8P-CXTF : Wed Oct 04 20:59:52 UTC 2023), Entry for Guy Crow Neck, 1906, pg. 136/569, line 157, census of the Cheyenne Indians, Cantonment Agency, Oklahoma

1909 Jan 15 - "Oklahoma, School Records, 1895-1968", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q2LV-K5NY : Tue Oct 31 16:05:11 UTC 2023), Entry for Guy Crow Neck, 1909, pg. 1323/1326, Enumeration Report (all persons between 6 and 21...), line 5 column 2, Blaine County, Oklahoma

1910 May 26 - "United States Census, 1910", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:ML7T-4DG : Wed Oct 04 12:03:14 UTC 2023), Entry for Grief and Irene Crow Neck, 1910, pg. 643/1156, line 4, census of the Canton, Cantonment Agency, Cantonment Township, Blaine County, Oklahoma

1910 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:6NDM-7GQS : Wed Oct 04 05:44:02 UTC 2023), Entry for Guy Crow Neck, 1910, pg. 268/569, line 151, census of the Cheyenne Indians, Cantonment Agency, Oklahoma

1911 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:6N85-JJY3 : Wed Oct 04 07:46:27 UTC 2023), Entry for Guy Crow Neck, 1911, pg. 310/569, line 155, census of the Cheyenne Indians, Cantonment Agency, Oklahoma

1912 - "Oklahoma, School Records, 1895-1968", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QGLJ-7YJ9 : Tue Oct 31 23:29:58 UTC 2023), Entry for Guy Crow Neck and Grief, 1912, pg. 1171/1336, enrollment with this sister by mother Grief, School District 70, Blaine County, Oklahoma

1914 Feb 2 - "Oklahoma, School Records, 1895-1968", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q2L2-S976 : Wed Nov 01 03:26:12 UTC 2023), Entry for Guy Crow Neck and Crow Neck, 1914, pg. 1386/1649, Blaine County School Records, Cantonment Township, Blaine, Oklahoma, United States (enrolled with his sister at age 13)

1914 Jun 30 - "United States, Native American, Census Rolls, 1885-1940", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:6N87-PQ3H : Wed Oct 04 03:15:09 UTC 2023), Entry for Guy Crow Neck, pg. 436/569, line 415, census of the Cheyenne and Arapahoes, Cantonment Agency, Okla

1920 Jan 30 - "United States Census, 1920", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M6J7-FX1 : Fri Dec 22 21:28:52 UTC 2023), Entry for Guy Crow Neck, 1920, pg. 651/1130, line 32, census of Asylum for Indians Canton SD, Canton Township, Lincoln County, South Dakota

1920 Jul 26 - "South Dakota, Grave Registration Records, 1940-1941", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:CYZL-TMMM : Fri Dec 15 09:11:45 UTC 2023), Entry for Guy Crow-Neck, no image
Name Guy Crow-Neck
Sex Male
Age 19
Birth Year (Estimated) 1901
Death Date 26 Jul 1920
Event Type Burial
Event Place South Dakota, United States
Event Place (Original)
Indian Asylum Cemetery Indian Asylum

1920 Jul 26 - Joinson, Carla. Vanished in Hiawatha: The Story of the Canton Asylum for Insane Indians. University of Nebraska Press, 2016, pg. 295, date of death is July 26,1920, age nineteen.

1920 Jul 29 - Hilton, M. (Ed.). (2023, July 10). Hiawatha Asylum for Insane Indians Historical Marker. Historical Marker. https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=183486 Photo by Ruth VanSteenwyk, July 10, 2023, courtesy of HMdb.org (Date reflects date of burial, not death date)

Omudis 6-5-20 · Guy Crow Neck 7-29-20 · John Big 8-25-20

1921 May 29 - "Oklahoma, School Records, 1895-1968", , FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QLB6-F7R8 : Wed Nov 01 03:28:07 UTC 2023), Entry for Guy Crow Neck and Crow Neck, 1921, pg. 797/862, Enrollment card, Canton, Blaine, Oklahoma, United States for Guy who is now 20 (his sister had married) (Curator Note: the adjacent card is annotated "Not Here" so why is this card here when Guy was admitted to Canton on April 15, 1919, and in Canton by census Jan 30, 1920)

1927 Sep 6 - Find a Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/14494278/guy-crow_neck: accessed 04 February 2024), memorial page for Guy Crow Neck (unknown–6 Sep 1927), Find a Grave Memorial ID 14494278, citing Hiawatha Asylum Cemetery, Canton, Lincoln County, South Dakota, USA; Maintained by Graveaddiction (contributor 46528400).
(Curator Note: This death date is incorrect, Carla Joinson established a date of death as July 26, 1920, based on documents at the Asylum, and this is confirmed by Dr. L.L. Culp's letter of February 23, 1934. )