Ervigio, King of the Visigoths

• Ervígio was an usurper of the Visigothic throne of Toledo who, in collusion with other nobles, betrayed King Vamba (672 - 686). Son of Ardabasto Baltes and Goda ; He was crowned and anointed on October 21 , 680 (680 - November 687). He persecuted the Jews having been helped in this by Bishop Julião de Toledo , himself a converted Jew. He married Liuvigoto who had Pedro, Duke of Cantabria.

Project MedLands, VANDALS, SUEVI and VISIGOTHS

ARDABASTO, son of --- . The Chronicle of Alfonso III records that "Ardabastus came from Greece after being expelled from his country by the emperor…arrived in Spain" and was "received…magnificently" by King Chindasvinto who gave him his niece in marriage[356]. His parentage is unknown, although this passage suggests that he must have been a person of importance in Byzantium. Salazar y Castro, in his genealogical table of the Visigothic kings, shows "Atanagildo" as the son of Hermenegildo, as well as his marriage to "Flavia Juliana hija de Pedro Augusto, hermano del Emperador Mauricio", and their sons "Paulo" and "Ardavasto", as well as the latter´s marriage to "prima, hija o hermana del Rey Cindasuindo"[357] (see above). The primary sources on which these statements are based are not specified. The table includes numerous errors and the information should therefore be viewed with caution. The name "Ardabasto" suggests a connection with Armenia, "Artavazd" being one of the names used frequently in the Mamikonian family of Armenia, holders of the hereditary position "sparapet" [supreme general] between the 5th and 8th centuries[358]. There could also be a connection with Artabasdos (-before 772), strategos of the theme of Armenia, who in 717 married Anna, daughter of Emperor Leon III "the Isaurian". married ([642]%29 --- of the Visigoths, niece of CHINDASVINTO King of the Visigoths, daughter of ---. The Chronicle of Alfonso III records the marriage of "Ardabastus…from Greece" and the niece of King Chindasvinto[359]. The marriage must have taken place very early in the reign of King Chindasvinto given the tight possible birth date range of the couple´s granddaughter Cixilo.

Ardabasto and his wife had [two] children:

• 1. ERVIGIO ([643]-Toledo 15 Nov 687). The Chronicle of Alfonso III names "Ervig" as the son of "Ardabastus…from Greece" & his wife[360]. His birth date is estimated from his parents´ assumed marriage date range, working back from the tight birth date range assigned to his daughter Cixilo. He was brought up at the court of King Recesvinto, where he used the title "comes"[361]. After deposing King Wamba in 680, he was elected to succeed as ERVIGIO King of the Visigoths. The Chronica Regum Visigotthorum records that “Ervigius” succeeded “Id Oct 719” and was anointed “XII Kal Nov”[362]. The Continuator of Isidor's Historia Gothorum, Wandalorum, Sueborum records the accession of "Ervigius" and his reign of 7 years[363]. In light of the dubious circumstances of his accession, he married his daughter to his most powerful opponent whom he nominated as his successor, by-passing his own sons[364]. The sons of King Ervigio must have been minors at the time if the chronology of events shown above is correct. In 681, he revised and enlarged the Liber iudiciorum compiled by his predecessor King Recesvinto[365]. The Chronicle of Alfonso III records that Ervigio "died a natural death in Toledo" having ruled six years and four months[366]. The Chronica Regum Visigotthorum records that “Ervigius” reigned for seven years and 25 days, and died “XVII Kal Dec”[367]. married ([662]%29 LIUBIGOTONA, daughter of ---. Her marriage is confirmed by the charter dated to [680/86] which records that "socer noster Ervigius princeps…domina mea Leuvitona regina" granted "filiam suam" as wife of "Egicæ regis"[368]. According to Europäische Stammtafeln[369] she was Liubigotona the Visigoth, daughter of Suíntila King of the Visigoths, but the primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified. If this parentage is correct, she would have been considerably older than her husband, given the death of her supposed father in 633. Salazar y Castro, in his genealogical table of the Visigothic kings, shows "Liubigtobona nieta de Recaredo" as the wife of King Ervigio and mother of his children[370]. The primary source on which this statement is based are not specified. The table includes numerous errors and the information should therefore be viewed with caution. Her husband's successor forced his predecessor's widow to retire to a nunnery[371].

Ervigio & his wife had [three or more] children:

• a) CIXILO ([663/65]-). The Chronicle of Alfonso III records the marriage of "the nobleman Egica, nephew of Wamba" and "Ervig…his daughter Cixilo"[372]. Her birth date range is estimated from (1) the estimated birth and marriage dates of her father, based on the arrival of her grandfather in Spain during the reign of King Chindasvinto, and (2) the birth of her son Witiza before her repudiation. Given this tight birth date range, it is likely that Cixilo was her father's eldest child. Her parentage and marriage are confirmed by the charter dated to [680/86] which records that "socer noster Ervigius princeps…domina mea Leuvitona regina" granted "filiam suam" as wife of "Egicæ regis"[373]. The Chronicle of Alfonso III records her repudiation "when [King Ervigio] ascended the throne"[374]. married ([681/86], repudiated [688]%29 EGICA, nephew of WAMBA ex-King of the Visigoths, son of --- (-[701/02]). He was elected to succeed his father-in-law in 687 as EGICA King of the Visigoths.
  
• b) sons. The primary source which confirms their parentage has not yet been identified, although Falcón records that King Ervigio by-passed his own sons when nominating his son-in-law Egica as his successor[375].
  
• c) [VERMUDO . Salazar y Castro, in his genealogical table of the Visigothic kings, shows "Veremundo Duque de Cantabria" and "Pedro Duque de Cantabria" as the sons of King Ervigio[376]. The primary sources on which these statements are based are not specified. The table includes numerous errors and the information should therefore be viewed with caution.
  
• d) [PEDRO . Salazar y Castro, in his genealogical table of the Visigothic kings, shows "Veremundo Duque de Cantabria" and "Pedro Duque de Cantabria" as the sons of King Ervigio[377]. The primary sources on which these statements are based are not specified. The table includes numerous errors and the information should therefore be viewed with caution. The Chronicle of Alfonso III describes his son, Alfonso I King of Asturias, as "of the royal line" without specifying his ancestry[378]. The Historia Silense names "Petrus ex Recaredi…Gotorum principis progenie"[379], although Pedro's descent from King Recaredo I cannot be established. It is assumed that this alleged family relationship with the Visigoths is another example of an invention by later genealogists wishing to fill the information gaps left by the primary sources. Duque de Cantabria[380].]
  

Biography of Ervigio. Rey visigodo (680-687)

King of the Visigoths in Spain. Origin Greek, his father Artabaces (or Ardebasto) came to Spain expelled from the Byzantine Court. His mother was a Princess of goda, prima Chindasvinto blood. He/She won the favor of Wamba, which acquired great popularity. He/She married a cousin of this so-called Luivigoto. It trades dignity Royal birth was entitled to claim, so impatient to reach the Crown, he/she did give a drink that paralyzed the unfortunate monarch who served as an excuse for tonsorial you and invalidate him as King Wamba, and took advantage of the influence of his friends to be declared King at the expense of Teodofredo, son of Recceswinth.

He was formally elected King on 21 October 680, by the Assembly of nobles and bishops, to happen to Wamba. The episcopate, discontent with Wamba because this had decreed that the clergy were subject to military laws, legitimized the ascension to the throne of Ervig in the twelfth Council of Toledo (year 681) in which, in addition, be renewed anti-Semitic laws. Also held the XIII Congress in the same city in the year 683.Su legislative work focused on meeting the demands of the Church and undo the work of Wamba, who forced the clergy to go to the army if it was required for the defence of the nation; It returned many assets that Wamba had seized and condemned the debts that many nobles and clerics had with the State. Freed also Paulo and other rebels who were sentenced to life imprisonment.It conducted a review of the Liber Iudiciorum (Fuero Juzgo) code with the purpose of facilitating the resolution of cases of difficult interpretation, corrected content laws unclear and added new ones. Notably, influenced by Bishop Julián de Toledo, the hardening of the anti-Jewish legislation, which prohibited, in fact, this religion and yield within a year to convert to Christianity. The code revised with immediate application was published on October 21 of the year 681.Para avoid the rebellion of the supporters of Wamba drew as a successor to Ergica, nephew, who married his daughter Cixilona and made him swear to his coming he/she would respect property of his mother-in-law and also to the other members of the Royal family.In 684 in the fourteenth Council of Toledo, gave the biggest test of zeal for orthodoxy calling for the condemnation of the monotelitas.In the year 687, he/she left the Crown and retired to a monastery until his death on 13 November of the same year. His wife Liuvigoto survived him. He/She was succeeded by his son-in-law Ergica.

Erwig (Latin: Flavius Ervigius; after 642 – 687) was a king of the Visigoths in Hispania (680–687). He was the only Visigothic king to be a complete puppet of the bishops and palatine nobility.
According to the 9th-century Chronicle of Alfonso III, Erwig was the son of Ardabast, who had journeyed from Constantinople to Hispania during the time of Chindasuinth, and married Chindasuinth's niece Goda. Erwig had Visigothic, Hispano-Roman, Frankish, Armenian, Greek, and Roman ancestry.

After his predecessor Wamba had taken the monastic habit while on the verge of death, he was forced to retire from the kingship, even though he recovered, and enter a monastery. He appointed Erwig his successor on and the latter was anointed in Toledo on 31 October 680. Later, 9th-century legends attributed to Erwig the poisoning of the king, who was made a penitent by his supporters while Erwig's supporters raised him to the throne. The bishops of the Twelfth Council of Toledo, which Erwig opened on 9 January 681, confirmed that the documents of abdication and confirmation of Erwig from Wamba were authentic and contained his own signature. Nonetheless, some historians have seen in the rapidity of Erwig's unction after the king had received the penitential sacrament evidence for a pre-planned palace coup.

Erwig began his reign in a climate of uneasiness concerning the way in which he reached the throne. Probably feeling insecure himself, the nobles and bishops took advantage. Erwig restored to favour those who had been out of it in the time of Wamba. After the Twelfth Council, the Thirteenth (683) and Fourteenth (684) followed in quick succession. The councils confirmed Erwig's legitimacy for a second time and wrote many laws to protect the life and rule of the king and his family, including that of his queen, Liuvigoto.

After falling seriously ill, Erwig proclaimed his son-in-law Ergica, the husband of his daughter Cixilo, as his heir on 14 November 687 and retired to a monastery as a penitent the next day, after giving leave to his court to return to Toledo with Egica for the anointing and crowning. Sigo gozando leyendo sobre mi numero 31 bisabuelito Erwig (Latin: Flavius Ervigius)

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Links

• https://pt.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erv%C3%ADgio#
• https://thesignsofthetimes.com.au/31/58038.htm
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erwig

Erwig (Latin: Flavius Ervigius; after 642 – 687) was a king of the Visigoths in Hispania (680–687). He was the only Visigothic king to be a complete puppet of the bishops and palatine nobility. According to the 9th-century Chronicle of Alfonso III, Erwig was the son of Ardabast, who had journeyed from Constantinople to Hispania during the time of Chindasuinth, and married Chindasuinth's niece Goda. Erwig had Visigothic, Hispano-Roman, Frankish, Armenian, Greek, and Roman ancestry.