Guðríður Þorbjarnardóttir

https://bigthink.com/strange-maps/gudrid-far-traveled-viking-woman/...

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gu%C3%B0r%C3%AD%C3%B0r_%C3%9Eorbjarnar...

https://www.historyextra.com/period/viking/gudrid-thorbjarnardottir...

"The Far Traveller" documentary 2020
https://www.cineflixrights.com/our-catalogue/616
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mjATI8Libx4&ab_channel=StockfishFes...

An Taistealaiche/The Far Traveller’, a co-production by Stornoway based MacTV and Profilm Iceland for BBC ALBA, will retell the largely unheard story of Gudridur The Far Traveller, the most adventurous explorer of the Middle Ages. An international version will be distributed by Cineflix.

Gudridur: Most Traveled Woman of the Middle Ages

By D.A. Watson

Called “the greatest female explorer of all time” by the president of Iceland, the story of Gudridur Thorbjarnardottir is amazing. She explored the New World, gave birth there to the first child of European descent, returned to Europe, then walked to Rome to give the Vatican a first-person account of her journeys. And she accomplished all this some 500 years before Columbus made his voyage.

Gudridur Thorbjarnarsdottir, born at Laugarbrekka at Hellnar during the last quarter of the 10th century, was the daughter of Thorbjarnar Vífilsson and Hallveig Einarsdóttir. Vífill, Gudridur’s paternal grandfather, had come to Iceland with “Aud the Deep-Minded” as her slave, but later he gained his freedom.

Gudridur was also the foster-daughter of Orm and Halldís of Arnastapi, Iceland. While staying with her foster parents, Gudridur became enamored of a young man. He was a slave’s son, but had been very successful in his own life. He wanted to marry Gudridur, but Thorbjarnar would not allow his daughter to marry a slave’s son. Rather ironic, given that Gudridur’s own family history.

Instead, Gudridur’s father decided to take his family to Greenland. This was about ten years after Erik the Red, a friend of Thorbjarnar, had led a settlement group to the same area. Gudridur’s foster-parents and many others went with them on the voyage. It was a difficult journey with terrible weather and many deaths, including Gudridur’s foster parents.

Erik presented Thorbjarnar some land near his own, and Gudridur eventually met and married Erik’s son Thorsteinn, considered one of the most promising men in Greenland at that time. Thorsteinn and Gudridur went to Vinland after Thorsteinn’s brother Thorvaldur had been killed there by the natives. It was another difficult journey, taking an entire summer, many died of disease, including Thorsteinn. Gudridur was now a widow.

Life went on, however, and Gudridur met and married Thorfinnur Karlsefni, a wealthy merchant of royal descent who came to Greenland from Iceland. Following their marriage, the couple set out to lead an expedition to explore and settle in Vinland. According to the ‘Saga of Greenlanders,’ there were sixty men and five women on Thorfinnur’s ship, including Gudridur. The settlers took all sorts of livestock with them, as well.

Thorfinnur got Leif’s permission to use the houses Leif had built in Vinland during his expedition there. In the year 1004, during the first autumn in Leif’s house in Vinland, Snorri, the son of Thorfinnur and Gudridur was born. He is the first European recorded in history as being born on the American continent.

After three years in Vinland, during which time scholars believe the group traveled as far south as Manhattan if not further, relations with the native populations had become untenable, and the group made plans to return to Greenland.

Tragedy struck Gudridur once again, as the “Skaelings” (as the natives were called) killed Thorfinnur. Heartbroken, Gudridur returned to her native home of Iceland. It was during this time that the pagan religions were slowly, but steadily, being replaced by Christianity. Gudridur became a convert to Christianity. She fully immersed herself in this new religion, eventually becoming a nun.

At a time when women did not travel alone, Gudridur undertook a pilgrimage to visit the Pope in Rome. She crossed Europe by foot, met with Pope and provided him with a report on Christian life in both Iceland and in Greenland.

A true explorer and pre-eminent female adventurer of her time, Gudridur’s saga is in every way more intriguing than that of even Leif Eiriksson!

Tributes to Gudridur

On June 25, 200, a statue in the memory of Gudridur was unveiled at Laugarbrekka, Iceland, by Iceland's president Mr. Grimsson.

Icelandic author and instructor Brynja Benediktsdóttir was inspired to write the play "The Saga of Gudridur". The play had its first performance in 1998, and has since been played in several countries.

Verold vid, published in 1998, is an historical novel about the life of Gudridur Thorbjarnardottir, described in the subtitle as the "most traveled woman of the Middle Ages".

http://www.femexplorers.com/full_article.php?article_id=9

• The book "God's Daughter" is a fictional, yet historically consistent, novel of Gudridur's travel to North America -- by Heather Day Gilbert, copyright 2013, ASIN B00GAJKV8G.

Guðríðr Þorbjarnardóttir

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The title of this article contains the following characters: ð, í, þ and ó. Where they are unavailable or not desired, the name may be represented as Gudridr Thorbjarnardottir.

The title of this article is an Icelandic name; the last name is a patronymic, not a family name; this person is properly referred to by the given name Gudrid, Gudridr, Guðríðr or Guðríður.

Casting by Ásmundur Sveinsson of a statue of Guðríðr Þorbjarnardóttir and her son in Laugarbrekka, IcelandGuðríðr Þorbjarnardóttir (or Eiríksdóttir) (Icelandic: Guðríður Þorbjarnardóttir) was a discoverer born, loosely around the year 980 in Laugarbrekka, Iceland. She lived in various places in the Norse known world, and pushed it's boundaries on her journeys.

Her unusual voyages began when she expressed her desire to marry a slave's son. Her father refused permission and so she began to look for escape. She left Iceland with her father to accompany Erik the Red, whose son Þorsteinn she wed, making him her second husband; Guðríðr's first husband, Þórir, died at sea. Guðríðr and her new husband Þorsteinn undertook an unsuccessful voyage to a territory they called Vínland, which may have been what is now L'Anse aux Meadows, in Newfoundland, Canada. Her husband's brother, Leifr Eiríksson, established a short-lived settlement in Vínland some years before, and is currently regarded as the first European to land in North America (excluding Greenland).

Þorsteinn died of epidemic on their return journey to Greenland. She stayed on their home island but moved to Brattahlíð, where she married a merchant named Þorfinnr Karlsefni. They, circa 1010 AD, led an attempt to settle Vínland with three ships and 160 settlers. Among the settlers was Freydís Eiríksdóttir, according to Grœnlendinga saga and Eiríks saga rauða, sister or half-sister of the before-mentioned Leifr Eiríksson respectively. Whilst in Vínland, Guðríðr and her new husband, Þorfinnr, had a son named Snorri Þorfinnsson, who is the first European known to have been born in the New World. Shortly after Snorri was born, the small family traveled back to Greenland. After a while her husband died and his farm was inherited by Snorri.

The Christianisation of Iceland at this period meant that religious conversions were common. Guðríðr became Christian and, when her son married, went on a pilgrimage to Rome. She visited the Vatican and spoke to the pope about religion and what she had seen. While she was away, Snorri built a church near the estate. When she came back from Rome, she became a nun and lived in the church as a hermit.

Her tale is told in the 2000 novel The Sea Road by Scottish writer Margaret Elphinstone.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gu%C3%B0r%C3%AD%C3%B0r_%C3%9Eorbjarnar...

Gudrid Torbjørnsdatter

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Gudrid Torbjørnsdatter var trolig den første hvite amerikanske mor. Hun var trolig født omkring 980 på Island. Gudrid ble Leiv Eriksson sin svigerinne og ble med på den andre ferden til Vinland, hvor hun fikk sin sønn Snorre Torfinnsson.

Innhold [skjul]

1 På Island

2 Til Grønland

3 Til Vinland

4 Gudrids liv etter hjemkomsten

5 Kilder

6 Eksterne lenker

På Island [rediger]

Gudrid Torbjørnsdatter - Guðríður Þorbjarnardóttir - ble født ca. 980 på Hellnar, Snefelsnes, Island.

Gudrid var datter av Torbjørn Vivilsson og Halveig Einarson. Etter Eirik Raude Saga var Gudrid en ".. svært vakker kvinne, myndig og ferm i all sin ferd."

Torbjørn var en stolt mann, men økonomisk gikk det nedover med han. Det fortelles at Einar Torgeirson, en svært velstående sønn av en frigitt trell, spurte om å få gifte seg med Gudrid, men dette giftemålet satte han seg imot for det var under hans stand.

Til Grønland [rediger]

Torbjørn solgte gården sin på Island og flyttet med familien til Grønland hvor han fikk en gård av Eirik Raude.

Torstein Eiriksson, bror til Leiv Eriksson, frir til Gudrid og både hun og faren hennes svarte ja og de ble gift på Brattalid - Eirik Raude sin gård på Grønland.

Etter kort tid, om vinteren, dør Torstein på sin gård, og Gudrid blir Enke.

Leiv Eriksson var nå kommet tilbake fra sin Vinlandsferd hvor han oppdaget Nord Amerika.

Torfinn Karlsevne var en velstående handelsmann som kom til Grønland med en besetning på 40 mann.

Karlsevne spør Eirik Raude, som nå er hennes verge, om å få Gudrid, han får henne og de gifter seg på Grønland.

Til Vinland [rediger]

Det er mye snakk om "Vinland det gode" etter at Leiv Eriksson er kommet tilbake og Karlsevne og Gudrid drar sammen til Vinland. Karlsevne og hans mannskap drar sammen med et annet skip - tilsammen er de over 100 personer. De kommer først til Helleland (Baffin Island), deretter til Markland (Labrador) og til slutt til Vinland (Newfoudland). I Vinland bor de i Leiv Erikssons hus på en plass som Helge Ingstad mener å ha identifisert som L'Anse aux Meadows.

De er borte i 3 år og i 1004 får Gudrid en sønn ved navn Snorre mens de er i Vinland.

Gudrids liv etter hjemkomsten [rediger]

Etter hjemkomsten til Grønland drog Torfinn og Gudrid til Norge og solgte varene sine og var der en vinter. Om våren reiste de til Island og kjøpte en gård som hette Glaumbø og bodde der resten av livet.

I ca. 1025 får Gudrid sin andre sønn, Torbjørn Torfinnsson også kalt Bjørn Karlsefnisson.

I "Ingolfr Arnason" sies det at hun etter at Torfinn døde drog på pilgrimsferd til Roma og ble værende igjen som nonne i et kloster hun passerte på veien hjem. Dette stemmer ikke overens med Eirik Saga som sier at "..Og da Snorre giftet seg, reiste Gudrid ut og gikk sørpå og kom hjem igjen til gården til Snorre, sønnen sin. Siden ble Gudrid nonne og ensetekone og bodde der så lenge hun levde."

Det er satt opp en statue av henne på Snæfellsnes, Island.

http://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gudrid_Torbj%C3%B8rnsdatter

https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gudrid_Thorbj%C3%B6rnsdotter