Guillaume II de Tancarville, le Chamberlain de Normandie

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GUILLAUME [II] de Tancarville (-[11 Nov 1190/1191]). His parentage is confirmed by the undated charter under which his son "Raoul, Chamberlain de Tancarville, fils de Guillaume, Chamberlain" confirmed the foundation of the priory of Sainte-Barbe by "Rabel le Chambellan son aïeul"[832]. The Red Book of the Exchequer records enfeoffments in the duchy of Normandy in [1172], "camerarius de Tanquarville" with 10 knights and 18 knights in his own service[833]. His parentage is confirmed by the undated charter under which his son "Raoul, Chamberlain de Tancarville, fils de Guillaume, Chamberlain" confirmed the foundation of the priory of Sainte-Barbe by "Rabel le Chambellan son aïeul"[834]. Henry II King of England confirmed the possessions of the priory of Sainte-Barbe-en-Auge, including donations by "Rabelli Camerarii…Willelmus camerarius pater eius…Willelmi Camerarii filii Rabelli", by charter dated to [1185/89][835]. “...Willielmum Chamberlangum de Tancorvile...” subscribed the charter dated [11 Nov] 1190 under which Richard I King of England agreed an alliance with Tancred King of Sicily at Messina[836]. Guillaume [II] presumably died soon afterwards as no further references to him have been found. m ---. The name of Guillaume’s wife is not known. Guillaume [II] & his wife had three children:

a) RAOUL [II] de Tancarville (-before 1204). "Raoul, Chamberlain de Tancarville, fils de Guillaume, Chamberlain" confirmed the foundation of the priory of Sainte-Barbe by "Rabel le Chambellan son aïeul" by undated charter[837]. “Raoul le chambellan” donated “l’église des Etables” to the abbey of Saint-Georges de Bocherville” by undated charter[838]. Raoul [II] must have died before 1204, the date of a charter of his brother Guillaume [III] (see below).

b) GUILLAUME [III] de Tancarville (-after 1214). "Willelmus camerarius de Tancharvilla, filius Rabelli" confirmed the purchase of land at Bretteville from the church of Bayeux, with the consent of "Willelmum filium meum", by charter dated to [1182/1205][839].

c) MARSILIE de Tancarville (-after 1205). Philippe II King of France confirmed the marriage contract between “Guillelmus cambellanus de Tancarvilla...Isabella filia sua” and “Adæ filio...Galterii junioris camerarii nostri” by charter dated 1205, which provided for an increase in the dowry if Guillaume de Tancarville had no male heir “ex Alliz uxore sua” and if “Marsilia sororia ipsius” died[840]

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Biography

William de Tancarville, great chamberlain to the king [Henry II] by tenure, a man noble in worth, a very death to the envious, became suspect to our king*, through accusations of many persons. Still, the king often heard of him as victor in many encounters, heard that he was a father to his knights, and bread to the needy, that he was one who could turn the hearts of all, save only of the envious, to his will, and that he was acceptable and dear to the king of the French, and to others of whom the king stood in awe“ (all quotes from De Nugis Curialium or “Courtiers’ Trifles,” by Walter Map, M.R James, ed. & trans.; C.N. L. Brocke & R.A.B. Mynors, rev.; Oxford University Press, 1983, p. 498).

• Tancarville was just too powerful, held too many castles and had too many men, and was respected by too many other powerful lords.

Charter de Sainte-Barbe-en-Auge

His parentage is confirmed by the undated charter under which his son "Raoul, Chamberlain de Tancarville, fils de Guillaume Chamberlain" confirmed the foundation of the priory of Sainte-Barbe by "Rabel le Chambellan son aïeul".[1]

Monastic tending of the pedigree ... careful cultivation of the heir. ... the following charter c.1140-1157, which comes from the highest ranks of the Anglo-Norman aristocracy, the lords of Tancarville, illuminates it with sharp edged brilliance:

"To all faithful in Christ, William the Chamberlain junior, greetings in the Lord. Be it known to all present and future that I William the Chamberlain junior, on the fifth day after I was belted as a knight, came to St-Georges and there to Abbot Louis and the monks, rejoicing with a great joy, received me in a procession of hounor, and there I offered up my sword on the altar of St-Georges. And then, by the councel and advice of many of the noblemen and companions who had come with me, namely Robert des Ifs, my steward, and Roger de Cailly and John de la Londe and many others, I redeemed my sword by the gift and by the confirmation of many churches, which I conceded to them on that day of my gift and confirmed them just as my grandfather, the founder of that monastery, had given them, namely the churches of Abbetot, Epretot with its tithes, St-Romain with two-thirds of its tithes, and Tibermesnil. I also confirmed the gifts of my knights and friends which they gave on the same day to the abbey in perpetual alms. Roger de Cailly gave 20s. annually, Robert de Mortemer 10s., Robert des Ifs 10s., John de la Londe, my cousin, 10s., Andrew de Bosemuncel 10s. or the tithes of one ploughland of land in Abbetot." ... and so on for another eight donors. [2]

le Château Fort de Tancarville

A first castle was founded for a lord named Tancredi who gave his name to the castle fort built on a spur overlooking the Seine to Raoul de Tancarville, Chamberlain of William the Conqueror in the 11th century, of which there remains the square tower; rebuilt in the 12th century, still for the lords of Tancarville,

Knightly training

about 1160 - le Château Fort de Tancarville Early in the reign of Henry II, William Marshall was sent to his cousin William, the Chamberlain of Tancarville, in Normandy, to be trained in knightly accomplishments. Marshal returns to England in the Autumn of 1167.

The Aristocracy of Norman England, by Judith A. Green At all events the distinctive circumstances in England were apparent to contemporaries. On the continent the juvenes went tourneying to establish their reputation and fulfil the "bachelor's" ideal. England by contrast, as William de Tancarville pointed out to William Marshal, was not a land for tournaments; it was fit only for vavassors and stay-at-homes.[3]

Colonial England, 1066-1215, by J. C. Holt, p. 236

Enfeoffments de Normandie

The Red Book of the Exchequer records enfeoffments in the duchy of Normandy in 1172, "camerarius de Tanquarville" with 10 knights and 18 knights in his own service.[4]

Estone Manor - Aston Cantlow, Warwickshire

In 1086 it appears among the possessions of Osbern Fitz Richard.[5] It was then rated at 5 hides, and the tenants of the manor included 9 Flemings. By 1169 it had passed to William the Chamberlain of Tankervill,[6] who, four years later, was farming it of the King at a rent of £13 6s. 8d. By an undated grant he gave to the Abbey of Winchcombe all the land, in wood and plain, between Alne and his manor of Estone on condition that it should remain uncultivated and that his men should enjoy the same common rights there as they had in the rest of the wood and plain of Alne.[7] He was still holding the manor in 1177[8] and may have been succeeded by Ralph de Tankervill, who is referred to fifty years later as having formerly possessed it.[9]

It ultimately escheated to the Crown[10] and in 1205 John granted it to William de Cantelupe,[11] from whose family the village takes its name.

The Cantelupes held the manor for four generations in direct descent. The first William obtained a confirmation of it in 1227,[12] and again in 1231,[13] until such time as the King should be pleased to restore it to the right heirs of Ralph Tankervill.

Bruton Hundred

By 1212 the hundred comprised the Tancarville fee of Bruton, Honeywick (in Pitcombe), Milton (Clevedon), Pitcombe with Cole, Redlynch, Witham, and Yarlington.[14] In 1225 Discove, Woolston (in North Cadbury), and the vill of West Bruton were named in addition.[15]

Bruton hundred was presumably a Crown possession as part of the royal estate of Bruton in 1066 and 1086.[16] Before 1133 it had passed as part of a fee either to William de Tancarville I (d. 1129) or to his son Rabel (d. 1140), hereditary chamberlains of England and Normandy.[17] William de Tancarville II succeeded his father Rable as lord in Bruton and was still alive in 1177.[18] William was followed by his son Ralph,[19] but thereafter the family ceased to have an interest.

Between 1135 and 1154 Alexander de Cauntelo, a principal tenant on the Tancarville fee, granted the hundred, with the market and other land, to the new priory at Bruton in return for a fee farm of 2 marks.[20] The fee farm was transferred to the Crown on the forfeiture of the Cauntelo interest between 1199 and 1208.[21]

Hereditary Chamberlains

In the eleventh century, it was a stronghold lordship which depended Raoul de Tancarville, guardian of Duke William the Conqueror, future king of England. The fact that Raoul was chamberlain of Normandy, and this function has remained in the family, reinforces a simple corroboration of the hereditary nature of this title. The seal shown here is for Robert de Tancarville le Chamberlain, almost 300 years later.

Marshall is Knighted

about 1167 in Driencourt (Neufchatel-en-Bray) Marshall returns to his cousin, the Chamberlain of Tancarville, who knights him at Driencourt (Neufchatel-en-Bray), and under whom he won distinction in the half-hearted warfare of the Norman barons with the Flemings before Neufchatel in July 1167.

Sources

↑ Calvados (Anisy), Vol. I, Sainte-Barbe (en Auge), 10, p. 94. ↑ Rouen, Archives départementales, Seine Maritime, 13 H 15. 1140 per Robert of Torigny, "William succeeded on the death of his father Rabel", but L. Delisle in Société de l'histoire de Normandie, i, p. 218, says, "But William was still alive in 1191 and may well have been a minor in 1140". Delisle also gives the date, 'antérieur â 1157', the death of Abbot Louis (Gallia Christiana, xi, p. 270) ↑ Histoire de Guillaume le Maréchal, ed. P. Meyer, Société de l'histoire de France (3 vols, 1891-1901), i, lines 1536-43. "stay-at-homes" per F.M. Powicke, The Loss of Normandy (Manchester, 1961), p. 303n. ↑ Red Book Exchequer, Part II, Infeudationes militum…duci Normanniæ…1172, p. 629. ↑ V.C.H. Warw. i, 338. ↑ Pipe R. Soc. xiii, 29. ↑ Landboc de Wincelcumba (ed. Royce), i, 184. ↑ Pipe R. Soc. xxvi, 29. ↑ Pat. R. 1225–32, p. 138. ↑ Cf. Red Bk. Exch. i, 550. ↑ Rot. Litt. Claus. (Rec. Com.), p. 9. ↑ Pat. R. 1225–32, p. 138. ↑ Cal. Chart. R. 1226–57, p. 132. ↑ Book of Fees i. 80. ↑ S.R.S. xi, pp. 52-4. ↑ V.C.H. Som. i. 436. ↑ Complete Peerage, x, app. pp. 48-50. Rabel was displaced as chamberlain in England in 1133. ↑ Cartae Antiquae (P.R.S. N.S. xvii 143; V.C.H. Warws. iii. 36 ↑ S.R.S. viii, p. 5; V.C.H. Warws. iii. 36. ↑ S.R.S. viii, pp. 3, 99-101; Plac. de Quo Warr. (Rec. Com.), 701. ↑ Plac. de Quo Warr. (Rec. Com.), 701; S.R.S. viii, pp. 101-2; Pipe R. 1208 (P.R.S. N.S. xxiii), 111; Red Bk. Exch. (Rolls Ser.), ii. 548. De Nugis Curialium or “Courtiers’ Trifles,” by Walter Map, M.R James, ed. & trans.; C.N. L. Brocke & R.A.B. Mynors, rev.; Oxford University Press, 1983, p. 498 The Aristocracy of Norman England, by Judith A. Green Colonial England, 1066-1215", by J. C. Holt, Patronage and Politics" - p. 228 & 236 Medieval Lands - SEIGNEURS de TANCARVILLE 'Parishes: Aston Cantlow', in A History of the County of Warwick: Volume 3, Barlichway Hundred, ed. Philip Styles (London, 1945), pp. 31-42. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/warks/vol3/pp31-42 [accessed 24 April 2017]. Des Forts, Philippe - Ministère de la Culture France - Tancarville Castle Histoire du château et des sires de Tancarville" by Achille Deville, N. Périaux, 1834 - Histoire de Tancarville Oxford University Press, 1983, p. 498