Helen Hull Jacobs

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Hull_Jacobs

Helen Hull Jacobs (August 6, 1908 – June 2, 1997) was a World No. 1 American female tennis player who won ten Grand Slam titles. She was born in Globe, Arizona, United States.

Tennis career

Jacobs had a powerful serve and overhead smash and a sound backhand, but she never learned to hit a flat forehand, despite her friendship, and some coaching, from Bill Tilden. Like both her Wightman Cup coach Hazel Hotchkiss Wightman and her archrival Helen Wills Moody, she grew up in Berkeley, California, learned the game at the Berkeley Tennis Club, pursued her undergraduate degree at the University of California, Berkeley and was inducted into the Cal Sports Hall of Fame.

Jacobs won five Grand Slam singles titles and was an eleven-time Grand Slam singles runner-up. Six of those losses were to Helen Wills Moody. Jacobs's only victory over Moody was in the final of the 1933 U.S. Championships. Moody retired from the match with a back injury while trailing 3–0 in the third set to a chorus of boos from the audience who believed that Moody quit the match merely to deny Jacobs the satisfaction of finishing out her victory. It was reported by many witnesses after the match that Moody still planned to play her doubles match later that afternoon but was advised against it because she was "injured" after all. Years later, Moody confirmed her injury, saying, "My back is kind of funny. The vertebra between the fourth and fifth disk is thin. When the disk slips around it's intolerable. It rained the whole week before that final match. I lay in bed, and that was bad because it stiffened worse. I just couldn't play any longer, but I didn't say anything because it would look like an excuse." Jacobs almost defeated Moody again when she had match point at 6–3, 3–6, 5–4 in the 1935 Wimbledon singles final but lost the match. In the 1938 Wimbledon final against Moody, Jacobs turned her ankle at 4–4 in the first set and hobbled around the court for the remainder of the match, with Moody winning the final eight games and the second set lasting a mere eight minutes. When asked after the match why she did not accept Hazel Wightman's on-court advice to quit the match after the injury, Jacobs said that continuing was the sporting thing to do so that Moody could enjoy the full taste of victory, an obvious allusion to Moody's retirement from the 1933 U.S. final. Moody said, "I was very sorry about Helen's ankle. But it couldn't be helped, could it? I thought there was nothing I could do but get it over as quickly as possible." In total, Jacobs lost 14 of the 15 career singles matches she played against Moody.

Jacobs won four Grand Slam women's doubles titles and one in mixed doubles. She was the runner-up at six Grand Slam women's doubles tournaments and one Grand Slam mixed doubles tournament. She won the singles and women's doubles titles at the Italian Championships in 1934.

According to Wallis Myers and John Olliff of The Daily Telegraph and the Daily Mail, Jacobs was ranked in the world top ten from 1928 through 1939 (no rankings issued from 1940 through 1945), reaching a career high of World No. 1 in those rankings in 1936. With the exceptions of 1930 and 1938, Jacobs was included in the year-end top ten rankings by the United States Tennis Association from 1927 through 1941. She was the top ranked U.S. player from 1932 through 1935.

Jacobs was a member of the U.S. Wightman Cup team from 1927 through 1937 and again in 1939. Her lifetime record was 19–11.

In 1933, Jacobs became the first woman to break with tradition by wearing man-tailored shorts at Wimbledon.

While she was still playing tennis, Jacobs became a writer. Her first books were Modern Tennis (1933) and Improve Your Tennis (1936). She also wrote fictional works, such as Storm Against the Wind (1944). Her autobiography Beyond the Game appeared in 1936.

Jacobs was named Associated Press Female Athlete of the Year in 1933. She was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1962.

World War II and personal life

Jacobs served as a commander in the U.S. Navy intelligence during World War II, one of only five women to achieve that rank in the Navy.

Long known to have been lesbian, her lifelong companion was Virginia Gurnee. Jacobs died of heart failure in East Hampton, New York on June 2, 1997.

Tournament record

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Hull_Jacobs#Grand_Slam_singles_f...

הלן האל ג'ייקובס

' (באנגלית: Helen Hull Jacobs; ‏6 באוגוסט 1908 - 2 ביוני 1997 בגלוב, טריטוריית אריזונה, ארצות הברית) הייתה טניסאית אמריקאית ממוצא יהודי.[1] בשנת 1936 דורגה במקום הראשון בעולם לנשים. היא זכתה ב-9 טורנירי גראנד סלאם מהם 5 ביחידות - 4 זכיות רצופות באליפות ארצות הברית הפתוחה (1932 - 1935) וזכייה אחת באליפות וימבלדון (1936). היא השתתפה ב-16 משחקי גמר, 11 מהם ביחידות (מקום עשירי בכל הזמנים) וב-24 משחקי חצי גמר (מקום תשיעי בכל הזמנים) בטורנירי גראנד סלאם.

ג'ייקובס ניחנה בחבטות הגשה והנחתה חזקות, אבל מעולם לא הצליחה ללמוד להכות חבטת כף יד שטוחה, על אף החברות שלה והאימון בהדרכתו של ביל טילדן.

תוכן עניינים 1 קורות חיים 2 תארים והישגים 3 קישורים חיצוניים 4 הערות שוליים קורות חיים ג'ייקובס נולדה בגלוב שבטריטוריית אריזונה, בתם של רולנד ג'ייקובס, איש עסקים, יולה האל ג'ייקובס. אמה, היא צאצאית ישירה של קרטר ברקסטון, מחותמי וירג'יניה על הכרזת העצמאות של ארצות הברית; אביה הגיע לגלוב מהחוף המזרחי כמשקיע עיקרי בחברת "מיאמי קופר", מכרה נחושת ענקי שהתגלה כמה שנים לפני הולדתו של ג'ייקובס. בשנת 1914 עברה עם משפחתה לסן פרנסיסקו. אביה היה יהודי אך היא זיהתה עצמה לאורך חיה כנוצרית אפיסקופלית. היא התחנכה בברקלי, קליפורניה והתאמנה ביחד עם יריבתה הגדולה ביותר הלן וילס, שאותה ניצחה במשחק גמר אחד בטורניר גראנד סלאם (אליפות ארצות הברית הפתוחה) והפסידה לה ב-6 משחקי גמר בטורנירי גראנד סלאם (4 באליפות וימבלדון, 1 באליפות ארצות הברית הפתוחה ו-1 באליפות צרפת הפתוחה).

ג'ייקובס זכתה בגביע וייטמן 10 פעמים (1927, 1929, 1932 - 1937, 1939).[2]

בשנת 1933 הייתה ג'ייקוב לטניסאית הראשונה ששיחקה טניס במכנסי שורט "גבריים".

ג'ייקובס הייתה ידועה כלסבית. היא הייתה בזוגיות עם הנרייטה בינגהאם (1934 - 1943), בתו של המו"ל ושגריר ארצות הברית בבריטניה, רוברט בינגהאם. מאוחר יותר בחייה, בת הזוג שלה הייתה וירג'יניה גורני. היא פרשה מטניס בשנת 1947.

במלחמת העולם השנייה שרתה ג'ייקובס כקצינה בדרגת קומנדר במודיעין של הצי האמריקאי, אחת מחמש נשים שהגיעו לדרגה זו בחיל הים האמריקאי.

ג'ייקובס הייתה גם סופרת, בסוף שנות העשרים של המאה ה-20 פרסמה סיפורים קצרים, היא פרסמה שני מדריכי טניס וב-1936 פרסמה אוטוביוגרפיה. בהמשך הקריירה שלה פרסמה עוד 15 ספרים, רובם רומנים לבני נוער וחלקם תחת שם העט "H. Braxton Hull". נוסף לכך, עסקה בחקלאות ועיצוב בגדי ספורט.

ג'ייקובס נפטרה מדום לב ב-2 ביוני 1997.

תארים והישגים בשנת 1933 נבחרה ג'ייקובס לאתלטית השנה בעולם על ידי סוכנות הידיעות Associated Press (AP). בשנת 1962 זכתה ג'ייקוב להיכלל בהיכל התהילה הבינלאומי של הטניס.[3] קישורים חיצוניים ויקישיתוף מדיה וקבצים בנושא הלן ג'ייקובס בוויקישיתוף הלן ג'ייקובס , באתר היכל התהילה של הטניס ביוגרפיה

באתר anb.org

https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%9F_%D7%92%27%D7%99%D7...

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Hull_Jacobs

Helen Hull Jacobs (August 6, 1908 – June 2, 1997) was a World No. 1 American female tennis player who won ten Grand Slam titles. She was born in Globe, Arizona, United States.

Tennis career

Jacobs had a powerful serve and overhead smash and a sound backhand, but she never learned to hit a flat forehand, despite her friendship, and some coaching, from Bill Tilden. Like both her Wightman Cup coach Hazel Hotchkiss Wightman and her archrival Helen Wills Moody, she grew up in Berkeley, California, learned the game at the Berkeley Tennis Club, pursued her undergraduate degree at the University of California, Berkeley and was inducted into the Cal Sports Hall of Fame.

Jacobs won five Grand Slam singles titles and was an eleven-time Grand Slam singles runner-up. Six of those losses were to Helen Wills Moody. Jacobs's only victory over Moody was in the final of the 1933 U.S. Championships. Moody retired from the match with a back injury while trailing 3–0 in the third set to a chorus of boos from the audience who believed that Moody quit the match merely to deny Jacobs the satisfaction of finishing out her victory. It was reported by many witnesses after the match that Moody still planned to play her doubles match later that afternoon but was advised against it because she was "injured" after all. Years later, Moody confirmed her injury, saying, "My back is kind of funny. The vertebra between the fourth and fifth disk is thin. When the disk slips around it's intolerable. It rained the whole week before that final match. I lay in bed, and that was bad because it stiffened worse. I just couldn't play any longer, but I didn't say anything because it would look like an excuse." Jacobs almost defeated Moody again when she had match point at 6–3, 3–6, 5–4 in the 1935 Wimbledon singles final but lost the match. In the 1938 Wimbledon final against Moody, Jacobs turned her ankle at 4–4 in the first set and hobbled around the court for the remainder of the match, with Moody winning the final eight games and the second set lasting a mere eight minutes. When asked after the match why she did not accept Hazel Wightman's on-court advice to quit the match after the injury, Jacobs said that continuing was the sporting thing to do so that Moody could enjoy the full taste of victory, an obvious allusion to Moody's retirement from the 1933 U.S. final. Moody said, "I was very sorry about Helen's ankle. But it couldn't be helped, could it? I thought there was nothing I could do but get it over as quickly as possible." In total, Jacobs lost 14 of the 15 career singles matches she played against Moody.

Jacobs won four Grand Slam women's doubles titles and one in mixed doubles. She was the runner-up at six Grand Slam women's doubles tournaments and one Grand Slam mixed doubles tournament. She won the singles and women's doubles titles at the Italian Championships in 1934.

According to Wallis Myers and John Olliff of The Daily Telegraph and the Daily Mail, Jacobs was ranked in the world top ten from 1928 through 1939 (no rankings issued from 1940 through 1945), reaching a career high of World No. 1 in those rankings in 1936. With the exceptions of 1930 and 1938, Jacobs was included in the year-end top ten rankings by the United States Tennis Association from 1927 through 1941. She was the top ranked U.S. player from 1932 through 1935.

Jacobs was a member of the U.S. Wightman Cup team from 1927 through 1937 and again in 1939. Her lifetime record was 19–11.

In 1933, Jacobs became the first woman to break with tradition by wearing man-tailored shorts at Wimbledon.

While she was still playing tennis, Jacobs became a writer. Her first books were Modern Tennis (1933) and Improve Your Tennis (1936). She also wrote fictional works, such as Storm Against the Wind (1944). Her autobiography Beyond the Game appeared in 1936.

Jacobs was named Associated Press Female Athlete of the Year in 1933. She was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1962.

World War II and personal life

Jacobs served as a commander in the U.S. Navy intelligence during World War II, one of only five women to achieve that rank in the Navy.

Long known to have been lesbian, her lifelong companion was Virginia Gurnee. Jacobs died of heart failure in East Hampton, New York on June 2, 1997.

Tournament record

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Hull_Jacobs#Grand_Slam_singles_f...