Inggûldai 英俄爾岱

INGGÛLDAI 英俄爾岱, 1596–1648, Feb., belonged to the Tatara clan living at Jakûmu. As a young boy he was taken by his grandfather, Daitukû hari 岱圖庫哈理, to join the forces of Nurhaci. He first won distinction in 1619 at the attack on K'ai-yüan when he killed a Mongol warrior named Abur who was fighting on the Chinese side. After further exploits he was promoted in 1621 to a place as lieutenant-colonel in the Plain White Banner. During Abahai's campaign into north China in 1629 Inggûldai and Fan Wên-ch'êng, were put in charge of the captured city of Tsun-hua while the main force moved on towards Peking. He again showed his bravery by repulsing a Ming army that was attempting to retake the surrounding territory. Two years later, when the six ministries were established, Inggûldai became a director in the Board of Revenue. During the next two years he collected food and other supplies for the Manchu armies. As the best source for these was Korea he went twice on missions into that country in 1633 to arrange for levies of grain. In 1636, when again in Korea to announce the assumption by Abahai of the imperial title of T'ai-tsung, his life was endangered and he was forced to make a hasty and dramatic escape back across the border. The hostile attitude of Korea led T'ai-tsung to make war on her in the same year. By 1637 the Korean king had been driven into hiding and Inggûldai and another general were sent as commissioners to arrange terms of peace. Supplies continued to be brought from Korea under the direction of Inggûldai who discharged the duties of his office with distinction. Although accused of various offenses he was consistently pardoned by T'ai-tsung who appreciated his organizing ability. In 1644 he became president of the Board of Revenue, and at the review of his service three years later he was granted the rank of duke of the second class. After his death in 1648 the title passed to his son, Itu, but was lowered by Emperor Shih-tsu in the reaction following the death of Dorgon in 1650. During the Ch'ien-lung period the hereditary rank was fixed as that of viscount of the third class.

[1/234/6b; 3/41/4a; 11/4/1a; 34/156/15b.]

George A. Kennedy

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英俄爾岱，他塔喇氏，世居扎庫木。太祖時，從其祖岱圖庫哈理來歸，授牛彔額真，隸滿洲正白旗。天命四年，從攻開原。有蒙古巴圖魯阿布爾者，素以驍勇名，降明為邊將，出戰，英俄爾岱馳斬之。六年，從克瀋陽，授游擊。從克遼陽，授二等參將。天聰三年，從伐明，克遵化，太宗督諸軍向明都，而令英俄爾岱及李思忠、范文程以兵八百守遵化。師既行，所下諸城堡石門驛、馬蘭峪、三屯營，大安口、羅文峪、漢兒莊、郭家峪、洪山口、潘家口、灤陽營皆復為明守。明兵夜薄遵化，英俄爾岱率兵擊卻之。平旦，明將以騎兵列陣待，英俄爾岱出戰，明兵驟至，英俄爾岱麾其眾悉銳奮擊，明兵退，斬殿者五人，俘材官一，明兵宵奔。英俄爾岱以師從之，復殲騎卒百、步卒千餘，以書諭諸城，羅文峪、三屯營、洪山口、漢兒莊、灤陽營五城復降。五年七月，定官制，始設六部，以英俄爾岱為戶部承政。七年，明故毛文龍部將孔有德、耿仲明自登州來降，使英俄爾岱及游擊羅奇齎書徵糧於朝鮮，朝鮮國王李倧使其臣朴祿報聘，言毛氏舊為敵，不願輸糧。太宗復以書諭，略言：「毛氏將今歸我國，以兵守其舟，當就便輸以糧。」遣英俄爾岱及備禦代松阿齎書復往，朝鮮乃輸糧如指。八年五月，改進一等甲喇章京。

太宗自將伐察哈爾，察哈爾林丹汗走圖白特，所部潰散。或得俘，言同行凡千餘戶，方苦無所歸，上命英俄爾岱及梅勒額真覺羅布爾吉將二千人往跡之。英俄爾岱等行遇蒙古頭人侯痕巴圖魯率千戶將來歸，遣使謁上；復遇台吉布顏圖，縱兵擊殺之，斬二百餘，俘四十以還。上以駝馬及所俘，賚英俄爾岱及諸將士。既，布顏圖部眾奔愬於上，言：「我曹自察哈爾來歸，遇大軍，乞降不見允，橫被屠戮。」上怒，命盡奪所賚。英俄爾岱尋以考滿進三等梅勒章京。

十年春，諸貝勒及蒙古諸部以太宗功德日隆，議上尊號，令英俄爾岱齎書使朝鮮喻意。既至，倧謝不延納，令英俄爾岱詣所置議政府陳說，設兵晝夜環守使邸。英俄爾岱率諸從者奪民間馬，突門而出。朝鮮王遣騎持報書追付英俄爾岱而別，以書誡其邊臣令守界，英俄爾岱并奪之以聞。又遇明皮島兵遮歸路，擊走之。

崇德改元，討朝鮮，師克王都，倧出奔南漢城。二年春，上使英俄爾岱及馬福塔齎敕詰責，朝鮮以書謝。師益進，薄南漢城，復使英俄爾岱、馬福塔招倧出城相見，倧答書始稱臣，然猶逡巡不敢出。上詗知倧寄孥江華島，命睿親王多爾袞以偏師下之，獲其妃及諸子。倧乃出降，上留其二子為質，命英俄爾岱、馬福塔送其妃及諸戚屬還王都。二月，班師，倧出送，命英俄爾岱、馬福塔宣諭，仍送之還。旋授議政大臣。十月，復命英俄爾岱、馬福塔齎敕印使朝鮮，封倧仍為朝鮮國王。四年，授固山額真。五年，上以倧繕城郭，積芻糧，欺罔巧飾，使英俄爾岱及鄂莫克圖齎敕詰責，倧上表謝罪。

六年六月，睿親王多爾袞復攻錦州，九月，貝勒多鐸等圍松山，英俄爾岱皆在行間。七年，復使朝鮮鞫獄，還奏稱旨。八年，考滿，進三等精奇尼哈番。順治元年，從睿親王多爾袞入關。是年，改承政為尚書，英俄爾岱仍任戶部。二年，敘功，封三等公。三年，奏請禁民間私售馬騾、軍械、火器，以杜盜源，從之。四年，考滿，進二等公。五年二月，卒。

英俄爾岱娶饒餘郡王阿巴泰女，授多羅額駙。領戶部十餘年，既領固山，仍綜部政。屢坐事論罰，而恩顧不稍衰。太宗嘗諭群臣曰：「英俄爾岱性素執拗，其於本旗人亦偶有徇庇。朕思人鮮有令德，英俄爾岱能殫心部政，治事明決，朕甚嘉之。視諸部大臣不如英俄爾岱者多矣！」及睿親王薨，得罪，奪英俄爾岱公爵，降精奇尼哈番。康熙間，輔臣鰲拜專政，陷大學士蘇納海等於死，以英俄爾岱與蘇納海同族，追論初授地不平、附睿親王諸罪狀，奪官。子宜圖，官至內大臣，襲爵降三等精奇尼哈番。乾隆初，定封三等子。