Jakob I, margrave of Baden

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob,_Margrave_of_Baden-Baden

Jacob I of Baden (15 March 1407, Hachberg–13 October 1453, Mühlburg), was Margrave of Baden-Baden from 1431 to 1453.

He was the elder son of Bernard I, Margrave of Baden-Baden and Anna von Oettingen. Jacob I was a man of deep religious beliefs, well-known as a founder of churches. He founded the monastery at Fremersberg and was a major benefactor of the Stiftskirche at Baden-Baden.

According his father's precepts, only two of his sons were to be considered heirs of the margravate. Therefore only Karl and Bernhard received a secular education; the other children had a strict religious upbringing. Georg, after making a religious profession in his youth, returned briefly to the world, but in 1454 reverted to holy orders and later became Bishop of Metz.

Jacob I was the opposite of his father; Enea Silvio de Piccolomini (Pope Pius II) characterized him as famous among the Germans for his justice and intelligence.

In his early years he was ruler of the family possessions in Hohenberg, until at the age of 24 he succeeded to the government of Baden. He was described as a pugnacious knight and a frugal father of the state and was popular among the princes as a mediator. Both Emperor Sigismund and Emperor Frederick III, under whom he served, thought highly of him.

When as the result of a miscarriage his sister Agnes fled in the middle of a conflict about inheritance, the Margrave lost his claim to the Duchy of Schleswig. He was so angry that he confined Agnes for the rest of her life in the castle of Alt-Eberstein. (The incident is remembered as the "Double Disaster of Gottorf").

When in 1427 the Treaty of Sponheim came into force, he gained possessions on the Moselle. In 1442 he bought for 30,000 guilders from the descendants of Walter von Geroldseck half the lordship of Lahr and Mahlberg.

[edit]Family and children

He married 25 July 1422 Catherine of Lorraine, daughter of Charles II, Duke of Lorraine and Margaret of the Palatinate. They had the following children:

Charles I, Margrave of Baden-Baden (d. 24 February 1475, Pforzheim).

Bernard II, Margrave of Baden-Baden (later beatified) (1428–12 July 1458, Moncalieri).

Johann (1430–9 February 1503, Ehrenbreitstein), Archbishop of Trier.

George (1433–11 February 1484, Moyen), Bishop of Metz.

Markus (1434–1 September 1478), abbot in Liège.

Margarete (1431–24 October 1457, Ansbach), married 1446 to Albert III, Margrave of Brandenburg.

Matilde (d. 1485), Abbess of Trier.

He also had an illegitimate son, Rudolf of Baden.

Jakob I. (Baden)

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Markgraf Jakob I. von Baden (* 15. März 1407 in Hachberg; † 13. Oktober 1453 in Mühlburg) regierte die Markgrafschaft Baden von 1431 bis 1453.

Jakob I. von Baden ist der erstgeborene Sohn von Markgraf Bernhard I. von Baden und Anna von Oettingen. Er war sehr religiös und als Kirchenstifter bekannt, daher genossen seine Kinder auch eine streng religiöse Erziehung. Er stiftete das Kloster Fremersberg und verhalf der Stiftskirche Baden-Baden zu einer höheren Bedeutung. Jakob I. war das Gegenteil seines Vaters, Enea Silvio de Piccolomini charakterisierte ihn so: "Wegen seiner Gerechtigkeit und Klugheit unter den Deutschen berühmt".

In jungen Jahren war er Verwalter der Besitzungen in Hohenberg, bis er im Alter von 24 Jahren an die Regierung Badens kam. Er war ein streitbarer Ritter, sparsamer Landesvater und als Schlichter unter den Fürsten beliebt. Beide Kaiser – Siegmund und Friedrich III. –, unter dehnen er diente, schätzten ihn.

Als seine Schwester Agnes im Streit um die Erbfolge, aufgrund einer Frühgeburt, flüchtete, verlor der Markgraf Ansprüche in Schleswig. Er ärgerte sich darüber so sehr, das er Agnes in der Folge Zeit ihres Lebens in Ebersteinburg internierte. Der Vorfall ging in die Geschichte als "Der Zwillingssturz von Gottorf" ein.

Als 1437 der Sponheimer Vertrag in Kraft tritt, erhielt er Besitzungen an der Mosel. Für 30.000 Gulden kaufte er 1442, von den Nachkommen Walters von Geroldseck, die Hälfte der Herrschaft Lahr und Mahlberg.