James Cameron

The top-tiered action director of his generation, James Cameron reshaped 1980s and '90s Hollywood with a string of lucrative multimillion-dollar films remarkable for their marriage of technical wizardry and human sentiment. Cameron's 1997 blockbuster Titanic exemplified this union of elements, as one of the highest grossing motion pictures in the history of the medium until he made movie history again with 2009's Avatar. Not only has Avatar broken previous records set by Cameron's Titantic, his 3D sci-fi spectacular has spurred the advancement of visual effects.

James Francis Cameron is a Canadian-born American film director noted for his action/science fiction films, which are often completed behind schedule and over budget but compensate by being extremely successful financially. Thematically, James Cameron's films generally explore the relationship between man and technology.

A science fiction fan as a child, James Cameron grew up to become one of the most visionary filmmakers in Hollywood. He initially pursued physics as a student at California State University at Fullerton, but he left to follow his cinematic dreams. Working as a truck driver, Cameron would pull off the road to work on screenplays.

In 1978, Cameron made his first film, a science fiction short called Xenogenesis. The film helped him get a job with New World Pictures, a company run by famed B-movie director Roger Corman. At New World, Cameron worked in number of different roles, from art director on Battle Beyond the Stars (1980) to director on Piranha II: The Spawning (1981).

Cameron's fortunes changed in 1984, when he wrote and directed the film The Terminator (1984). The movie told the gripping science fiction tale of a robot from the future (played by Arnold Schwarzenegger) who travels to the present day to hunt down the leader of the resistance in a yet-to-occur battle between humans and machines. The film became a critical and commercial hit, and helped Cameron land his next project, the sequel to Ridley Scott's Alien (1979), which featured Sigourney Weaver as a female action hero in space. Aliens (1986) received several Academy Award nominations, including one for Weaver as Best Actress.

With The Abyss (1989), however, Cameron experienced a number of disappointments. The shoot for the film was grueling. Much of it was filmed in a huge underwater set, which took its toll on the cast and crew. After its release, critics and move-goers were not impressed with the story of scuba divers who encounter aliens while recovering a U.S. Navy submarine. The film's visual effects, however, were stunning and earned an Academy Award.

Working with his third wife, Kathryn Bigelow, Cameron helped produce her 1991 action flick, Point Break (1991). The couple's two-year relationship ended around this same time. Cameron returned to form that same year with another box-office hit, Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991). The film earned more than $200 million, and broke new ground with its impressive visual effects. He later married one of the film's stars, Linda Hamilton.

Mixing martial issues with undercover spies, Cameron wrote and directed True Lies (1994), starring Jamie Lee Curtis and Arnold Schwarzenegger. The film made it to No. 1 at the box office, grossed more than $378 million worldwide, and received an Oscar nod for its visual effects. Cameron then began a massive undertaking with his story Titanic, a movie about star-crossed lovers (played by Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet) trapped aboard the doomed Titanic ocean liner. To recreate one of the greatest disasters at sea, Cameron had a special studio built in Mexico, which featured a 17-million-gallon water tank and 775-foot replica of the Titanic.

The film cost nearly $200 million to make, and was plagued with problems and delays. Many in the industry expected the film to tank just like its namesake, but Cameron proved the skeptics wrong. Opening in December 1997, the film received critical raves and strong ticket sales. Titanic became the first film to earn more than $1 billion and landed 14 Academy Award nominations. For his work on the film, Cameron took home three Oscars—for Best Director, Best Best Film Editing, and Best Picture. In 1999, he divorced Linda Hamilton and married actress Suzy Amis, who appeared in Titanic, in 2000.

Continuing to be fascinated by the Titanic story, Cameron worked with his brother, Mike, to create new technology to film the undersea wreck of the infamous vessel. The result was the 3-D IMAX documentary Ghosts of the Abyss (2003). Two more documentaries followed in 2005: Volcanoes of the Deep and Aliens of the Deep.

Again revolutionizing the world of special effects, Cameron returned to making feature films with Avatar (2009). The film explores the conflict between American forces and the native population on another planet. Sam Worthington played an American soldier who switches sides to help the Na'vi people, and falls in love with one of them (played by Zoe Saldana).

Avatar quickly surpassed Titanic at the box office. It has also earned Cameron a number of accolades, including Golden Globe wins for Best Director and Best Motion Picture - Drama. For the Academy Awards, Avatar was nominated in nine categories, including Best Picture and Best Director. Cameron faced some stiff competition from his ex-wife Kathryn Bigelow who was nominated for her work on The Hurt Locker.

James Francis Cameron[2] (born August 16, 1954) is a Canadian film director, film producer, deep-sea explorer, screenwriter, and editor.[3][4][5][6] He first found success with the science-fiction hit The Terminator (1984). He then became a popular Hollywood director and was hired to write & direct Aliens (1986) and three years later followed up with The Abyss (1989). He found further critical acclaim for his use of special effects in the action packed blockbuster Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991). After his film True Lies (1994) Cameron took on his biggest film at the time, Titanic (1997), which won the Academy Award for Best Picture and him the Academy Award for Best Director and Film Editing. After Titanic, Cameron began a project that took almost 10 years to make: his science-fiction epic Avatar (2009), for which he was nominated for Best Director and Film Editing again. In the time between making Titanic and Avatar, Cameron spent several years creating many documentary films (specifically underwater documentaries) and co-developed the digital 3D Fusion Camera System. Described by a biographer as part-scientist and part-artist,[7] Cameron has also contributed to underwater filming and remote vehicle technologies.[5][6][8] On March 26, 2012, Cameron reached the bottom of the Mariana Trench, the deepest part of the ocean, in the Deepsea Challenger submersible.[9][10][11] He is the first person to do this in a solo descent, and is only the third person to do so ever.

He has been nominated for six Academy Awards overall and won three for Titanic. In total, Cameron's directorial efforts have grossed approximately US$2 billion in North America and US$6 billion worldwide.[12] Not adjusted for inflation, Cameron's Titanic and Avatar are the two highest-grossing films of all time at $2.19 billion and $2.78 billion respectively.[13] In March 2011 he was named Hollywood's top earner by Vanity Fair, with estimated 2010 earnings of $257 million.[14] In October 2013 a new species of frog Pristimantis jamescameroni from Venezuela was named after him in recognition of his efforts in environmental awareness, in addition to his public promotion of vegetarianism.[15][16]

Cameron was born in Kapuskasing, Ontario, Canada, in 1954, the son of Shirley (née Lowe), an artist and nurse, and Phillip Cameron.[17][18] His paternal great-great-great-grandfather emigrated from Balquhidder, Scotland, in 1825;[17] thus, he descends from Clan Cameron.

Cameron grew up in Chippawa, Ontario. He attended Stamford Collegiate School in Niagara Falls, Ontario. In 1971, his family moved to Brea, California, when Cameron was 17 years old.[19] Cameron enrolled at Fullerton College, a two-year community college, in 1973 to study physics. He switched to English, then dropped out before the start of the fall 1974 semester.[20]

After dropping out of Sonora High School, he went to further his secondary education at Brea Olinda High School. After graduating, he worked several jobs, including as a truck driver, and wrote when he had time.[21] During this period he taught himself about special effects: "I'd go down to the USC library and pull any thesis that graduate students had written about optical printing, or front screen projection, or dye transfers, anything that related to film technology. That way I could sit down and read it, and if they'd let me photocopy it, I would. If not, I'd make notes."[22]

After seeing the original Star Wars film in 1977, Cameron quit his job as a truck driver to enter the film industry.[23] When Cameron read Syd Field's book Screenplay, it occurred to him that integrating science and art was possible, and he wrote a 10-minute science-fiction script with two friends, titled Xenogenesis. They raised money and rented camera, lenses, film stock, and studio, and shot it in 35mm. To understand how to operate the camera, they dismantled it and spent the first half-day of the shoot trying to figure out how to get it running.

His first film was called Xenogenesis (1978). He was the director, writer, producer, and production designer for Xenogenesis. He then became a production assistant on a film called Rock and Roll High School, though uncredited in 1979. While continuing to educate himself in film-making techniques, Cameron started working as a miniature-model maker at Roger Corman Studios.[21] Making rapidly-produced, low-budget productions taught Cameron to work efficiently and effectively. He soon found employment as an art director in the sci-fi movie Battle Beyond the Stars (1980). He did special effects work design and direction on John Carpenter's Escape from New York (1981), acted as production designer on Galaxy of Terror (1981), and consulted on the design of Android (1982).[24]

Cameron was hired as the special effects director for the sequel to Piranha, entitled Piranha II: The Spawning in 1981. The original director, Miller Drake, left the project due to creative differences with producer Ovidio Assonitis, who then gave Cameron his first job as overall director. The interior scenes were filmed in Italy while the underwater sequences were shot at Grand Cayman Island.[25] The movie was to be produced in Jamaica. On location, production slowed due to numerous problems and adverse weather. James Cameron was fired after failing to get a close up of Carole Davis in her opening scene. Ovidio ordered Cameron to do the close-up the next day before he started on that day’s shooting. Cameron spent the entire day sailing around the resort to reproduce the lighting but still failed to get the close-up. After he was fired, Ovidio invited Cameron to stay on location and assist in the shooting. Once in Rome, Ovidio took over the editing when Cameron was stricken with food poisoning. During his illness, he had a nightmare about an invincible robot hitman sent from the future to kill him, giving him the idea for The Terminator, which later catapulted his film career.[25]

Cameron in September 1986

After completing a screenplay for The Terminator, Cameron decided to sell it so that he could direct the movie. However, the production companies he contacted, while expressing interest in the project, were unwilling to let a largely inexperienced feature film director make the movie. Finally, Cameron found a company called Hemdale Pictures, which was willing to let him direct. Gale Anne Hurd, who had started her own production company, Pacific Western Productions, had previously worked with Cameron in Roger Corman's company and agreed to buy Cameron's screenplay for one dollar, on the condition that Cameron direct the film. Hurd was signed on as producer, and Cameron finally got his first break as director. Orion Pictures distributed the film.[26]

For the role of the Terminator, Cameron envisioned a man who was not exceptionally muscular, who could "blend into" a crowd. Lance Henriksen, who had starred in Piranha II: The Spawning, was considered for the title role, but when Arnold Schwarzenegger and Cameron first met over lunch to discuss Schwarzenegger's playing the role of Kyle Reese, both came to the conclusion that the cyborg villain would be the more compelling role for the Austrian bodybuilder; Henriksen got the smaller part of LAPD detective Hal Vukovich and the role of Kyle Reese went to Michael Biehn. In addition, Linda Hamilton first appeared in this film in her iconic role of Sarah Connor, and later married Cameron.[18]

The Terminator was a box-office hit, breaking expectations by Orion Pictures executives that the film would be regarded as no more than a sci-fi film and only last a week in theaters. It was a low-budget film which cost $6.5 million to make, cutting expenses in such ways as recording the audio track in mono. However, The Terminator eventually earned over $78 million worldwide.[27]

During the early 1980s, Cameron wrote three screenplays simultaneously: The Terminator, Aliens, and the first draft of Rambo: First Blood Part II. While Cameron continued with The Terminator and Aliens, Sylvester Stallone eventually took over the script of Rambo: First Blood Part II, creating a final draft which differed radically from

The producing team behind Aliens, James Cameron and Gale Ann Hurd. Cameron next began the sequel to Alien, the 1979 film by Ridley Scott. Cameron named the sequel Aliens and again cast Sigourney Weaver in the iconic role of Ellen Ripley. According to Cameron, the crew on Aliens was hostile to him, regarding him as a poor substitute for Ridley Scott. Cameron sought to show them The Terminator but the majority of the crew refused to watch it and remained skeptical of his direction throughout production. Despite this and other off-screen problems (such as clashing with an uncooperative camera man and having to replace one of the lead actors when Michael Biehn of Terminator took James Remar's place as Corporal Hicks), Aliens became a box-office success. It received Academy Award nominations for Best Actress in a Leading Role for Weaver, Best Art Direction, Best Film Editing, Best Original Score, Best Sound, and won awards for Best Sound Effects Editing and Best Visual Effects. In addition, the film and its lead actress made the cover of TIME magazine as a result of its numerous and extensive scenes of women in combat - these were almost without precedent and expressed the feminist theme of the film very strongly.

Cameron's next project stemmed from an idea that had come up during a high school biology class. The story of oil-rig workers who discover otherworldly underwater creatures became the basis of Cameron's screenplay for The Abyss, which cast Ed Harris, Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio and Michael Biehn. Initially budgeted at $41 million U.S. (though the production ran considerably over budget), it was considered to be one of the most expensive films of its time and required cutting-edge effects technology. Because much of the filming took place underwater and the technology wasn't advanced enough to digitally create an underwater environment, Cameron chose to shoot much of the movie "reel-for-real", at depths of up to 40 feet (12 m). For creation of the sets, the containment building of an unfinished nuclear power plant was converted, and two huge tanks were used.[29] The main tank was filled with 7,500,000 US gallons (28,000,000 L) of water and the second with 2,500,000 US gallons (9,500,000 L). The cast and crew resided there for much of the shooting.

After the success of The Terminator, there had been talk about a sequel to continue the story of Sarah Connor and her struggle against machines from the future. Although Cameron had come up with a core idea for the sequel and Schwarzenegger expressed interest in continuing the story, there were still problems regarding who had the rights to the story, as well as the logistics of the special effects needed to make the sequel. Finally, in late-1980s, Mario Kassar of Carolco Pictures secured the rights to the sequel, allowing Cameron to greenlight production of the film, now called Terminator 2: Judgment Day. For the film, Linda Hamilton reprised her iconic role of Sarah Connor.[30] In addition, Schwarzenegger also returned in his role as The Terminator, but this time as a protector. Unlike Schwarzenegger's character—the T-800 Terminator which is made of a metal endoskeleton—the new villain of the sequel, called the T-1000, is a more-advanced Terminator made of liquid metal, and with polymorphic abilities. The T-1000 would also be much less bulky than the T-800. For the role, Cameron cast Robert Patrick, a sharp contrast to Schwarzenegger. Cameron explained, "I wanted someone who was extremely fast and agile. If the T-800 is a human Panzer tank, then the T-1000 is a Porsche." Cameron had originally wanted to incorporate this advanced-model Terminator into the first film, but the special effects at the time were not advanced enough. The ground-breaking effects used in The Abyss to digitally depict the water tentacle convinced Cameron that his liquid metal villain was now possible. TriStar Pictures agreed to distribute the film, but under a locked release date only about one year after the start of shooting. The movie, co-written by Cameron and his longtime friend, William Wisher, Jr., had to go from screenplay to finished film in just that amount of time. Like Cameron's previous film, it was one of the most expensive films of its era, with a budget of about $100 million. The biggest challenge of the movie was the special effects used in creating the T-1000. Nevertheless, the film was finished on time and released to theaters on July 3, 1991. Terminator 2, or T2, as it was abbreviated, broke box-office records (including the opening weekend record for an R-rated film), earning over $200 million in the United States and Canada, and over $300 million in other territories, and became the highest-grossing film of that year. It won four Academy Awards: Best Makeup, Best Sound, Best Sound Effects Editing, and Best Visual Effects. It was also nominated for Best Cinematography and Best Film Editing, but lost both Awards to JFK. James Cameron announced a third Terminator film many times during the 1990s, but without coming out with any finished scripts. Kassar and Vajna purchased the rights to the Terminator franchise from a bankruptcy sale of Carolco's assets.[31] Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines was eventually made and released in July 2003 without Cameron's involvement. Jonathan Mostow directed the film and Schwarzenegger returned as the Terminator. Cameron reunited with the main cast of Terminator 2 to film T2 3-D: Battle Across Time, an attraction at Universal Studios Florida, Universal Studios Hollywood and Universal Studios Japan. It was released in 1996 and was a mini-sequel to Terminator 2: Judgment Day. The show is in two parts: a prequel segment in which a spokesperson talks about Cyberdyne, and a main feature, in which the performers interact with a 3-D movie.

Before the release of T2, Schwarzenegger came to Cameron with the idea of remaking the French comedy La Totale! Titled True Lies, with filming beginning after T2's release, the story revolves around a secret-agent spy who leads a double life as a married man, whose wife believes he is a computer salesman. Schwarzenegger was cast as Harry Tasker, a spy charged with stopping a plan by a terrorist to use nuclear weapons against the United States. Jamie Lee Curtis and Eliza Dushku played the character's family, and Tom Arnold the sidekick. Cameron's Lightstorm Entertainment signed on with Twentieth Century Fox for production of True Lies. Made on a budget of $115 million and released in 1994, the film earned $146 million in North America, and $232 million abroad. The film received an Academy Award nomination for Best Visual Effects.

Cameron expressed interest in the famous sinking of the ship RMS Titanic. He decided to script and film his next project based on this event. The picture revolved around a fictional romance story between two young lovers from different social classes who meet on board. Before production began, he took dives to the bottom of the Atlantic and shot actual footage of the ship underwater, which he inserted into the final film. Much of the film's dialogue was also written during these dives. Subsequently, Cameron cast Leonardo DiCaprio, Kate Winslet, Billy Zane, Kathy Bates, Frances Fisher, Gloria Stuart, Bernard Hill, Jonathan Hyde, Victor Garber, Danny Nucci, David Warner, Suzy Amis, and Bill Paxton as the film's principal cast. Cameron's budget for the film reached about $200 million, making it the most expensive movie ever made at the time. Before its release, the film was widely ridiculed for its expense and protracted production schedule. Released to theaters on December 19, 1997, Titanic grossed less in its first weekend ($28.6 million) than in its second ($35.4 million), an increase of 23.8%. This is unheard of for a widely released film, which is a testament to the movie's appeal. This was especially noteworthy, considering that the film's running time of more than three hours limited the number of showings each theater could schedule. It held the No. 1 spot on the box-office charts for months, eventually grossing a total of $600.8 million in the United States and Canada and more than $1.84 billion worldwide. Titanic became the highest-grossing film of all time, both worldwide and in the United States and Canada, and was also the first film to gross more than $1 billion worldwide. It remained the highest-grossing film since 1998, until Cameron's 2009 film Avatar surpassed its gross in 2010.[32] The CG visuals surrounding the sinking and destruction of the ship were considered spectacular.[33] Despite criticism during production of the film, it received a record-tying 14 Oscar nominations (tied with All About Eve) at the 1998 Academy Awards. It won 11 Oscars (also tying the record for most Oscar wins with Ben-Hur and later The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King), including: Best Picture, Best Director, Best Art Direction, Best Cinematography, Best Visual Effects, Best Film Editing, Best Costume Design, Best Sound, Best Sound Effects Editing, Best Original Dramatic Score, Best Original Song.[34] Upon receiving the Best Director Oscar, Cameron exclaimed, "I'm king of the world!", in reference to one of the main characters' lines from the film. After receiving the Best Picture Oscar along with Jon Landau, Cameron asked for a moment of silence for the 1,500 men, women, and children who died when the ship sank. In March 2010, Cameron revealed that Titanic would be re-released in 3D in April 2012, to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the sinking of the real ship.[35] Following the re-release, Titanic's domestic total was pushed to $658.6 million and more than $2.18 billion worldwide. It became the second film to gross more than $2 billion worldwide (the first being Avatar).

Main articles: Spider-Man in film and Dark Angel (TV series) Cameron had initially next planned to do a film of the comic-book character Spider-Man, a project developed by Menahem Golan of Cannon Films. Columbia hired David Koepp to adapt Cameron's treatment into a screenplay, and Koepp's first draft is taken often word-for-word from Cameron's story,[36] though later drafts were heavily rewritten by Koepp himself, Scott Rosenberg, and Alvin Sargent. Columbia preferred to credit David Koepp solely, and none of the scripts before or after his were ever examined by the Writers Guild of America, East to determine proper credit attribution.[citation needed] Cameron and other writers objected, but Columbia and the WGA prevailed. In its release in 2002, Spider-Man had its screenplay credited solely to Koepp.[37]

Unable to make Spider-Man, Cameron moved to television and created Dark Angel, a superheroine-centered series influenced by cyberpunk, biopunk, contemporary superhero franchises, and third-wave feminism. Co-produced with Charles H. Eglee, Dark Angel starred Jessica Alba as Max Guevara, a genetically enhanced super-soldier created by a secretive organization. Cameron's work was said to "bring empowered female warriors back to television screens[...] by mixing the sober feminism of his The Terminator and Aliens characters with the sexed-up Girl Power of a Britney Spears concert."[38] While a success in its first season, low ratings in the second led to its cancellation. Cameron himself directed the series finale, a two-hour episode wrapping up many of the series' loose ends.

Cameron in February 2010 In 1998 James and John David Cameron formed a digital media company, earthship.tv, which became Earthship Productions.[39] The company produced live multimedia documentaries from the depths of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. With Earthship Productions, John Cameron's recent projects have included undersea documentaries on the Bismarck (Expedition: Bismarck, 2002) and the Titanic (Ghosts of the Abyss (2003, in IMAX 3D) and Tony Robinson's Titanic Adventure (2005)).[40] He was a producer on the 2002 film Solaris, and narrated The Exodus Decoded.

Cameron is an advocate for stereoscopic digital 3-D films. In a 2003 interview about his IMAX 2D documentary Ghosts of the Abyss, he mentioned that he is "going to do everything in 3D now".[41] He has made similar statements in other interviews. Ghosts of the Abyss and Aliens of the Deep (also an IMAX documentary) were both shot in 3-D and released by Walt Disney Pictures and Walden Media, and Cameron did the same for his new project, Avatar for 20th Century Fox & Sony Pictures' Columbia Pictures. He intends to use the same technology for The Dive, Sanctum and an adaptation of the manga series Battle Angel Alita.

Cameron was the founder and CEO of Digital Domain, a visual-effects production and technology company. In addition, he plans to create a 3-D project about the first trip to Mars. ("I've been very interested in the Humans to Mars movement—the 'Mars Underground'—and I've done a tremendous amount of personal research for a novel, a miniseries, and a 3-D film.")[42] He is on the science team for the 2011 Mars Science Laboratory.[43] Cameron announced on February 26, 2007, that he, along with his director, Simcha Jacobovici, have documented the unearthing of the Talpiot Tomb, which is alleged to be the tomb of Jesus. Unearthed in 1981 by Israeli construction workers, the names on the tomb are claimed, in the documentary, to correlate with the names of Jesus and several individuals closely associated with him. The documentary, named The Lost Tomb of Jesus, was broadcast on the Discovery Channel on March 4, 2007.

As a National Geographic explorer-in-residence,[44] Cameron re-investigated the sinking of the Titanic with eight experts in 2012. The investigation was featured in the TV documentary special Titanic: The Final Word with James Cameron, which premiered on April 8 on the National Geographic Channel.[45] In the conclusion of the analysis, the consensus revised the CGI animation of the sinking conceived in 1995.[46][47]

Cameron promoting Avatar during the 2009 San Diego Comic-Con

In June 2005, Cameron was announced to be working on a project tentatively titled "Project 880" (now known to be Avatar) in parallel with another project, Battle Angel (an adaptation of the manga series Battle Angel Alita).[48] Both movies were to be shot in 3D. By December, Cameron stated that he wanted to film Battle Angel first, followed by Avatar. However in February 2006, he switched goals for the two film projects and decided to film Avatar first. He mentioned that if both films were successful, he would be interested in seeing a trilogy being made for both.[49]

Avatar had an estimated budget of over $300 million and was released on December 18, 2009.[50] This marked his first feature film since 1997's Titanic. It is composed almost entirely of computer-generated animation, using a more-advanced version of the "performance capture" technique used by director Robert Zemeckis in The Polar Express.[51] James Cameron had written an 80-page scriptment for Avatar in 1995[52] and announced in 1996 that he would make the film after completing Titanic. In December 2006, Cameron explained that the delay in producing the film since the 1990s had been to wait until the technology necessary to create his project was advanced enough.[53] The film was originally scheduled to be released in May 2009 but was pushed back to December 2009 to allow more time for post-production on the complex CGI and to give more time for theatres worldwide to install 3D projectors.[54] Cameron originally intended Avatar to be 3D-only.[55]

Avatar broke several box office records during its initial theatrical run. It grossed $749.7 million in the United States and Canada and more than $2.74 billion worldwide, becoming the highest-grossing film of all time in the United States and Canada, surpassing Cameron's Titanic.[56] Avatar also became the first movie to ever earn more than $2 billion worldwide. Including revenue from the re-release of Avatar featuring extended footage, it grossed $760.5 million in the U.S. and Canada and more than $2.78 billion worldwide. It was nominated for nine Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director,[57] and won three for Best Art Direction, Best Cinematography and Best Visual Effects.

Avatar's success made Cameron the highest earner in Hollywood for 2010, netting him $257 million as reported by Vanity Fair.[58]

Disney announced in September 2011 that it would adapt James Cameron's film Avatar into Avatar Land,[59] a themed area at Disney's Animal Kingdom in Lake Buena Vista, Florida.

Cameron served as the executive producer of Sanctum, a film detailing the expedition of a team of underwater cave divers who find themselves trapped in a cave, their exit blocked and with no known way to reach the surface either in person or by radio contact.

In August 2013, Cameron announced his intention to film three sequels to Avatar simultaneously, to be released in December 2016, 2017 and 2018.[60] Cameron's Lightstorm Entertainment bought the film rights to the Taylor Stevens novel The Informationist in October 2012 with plans for Cameron to direct it. A screenwriter will be hired to adapt the novel while Cameron works on the Avatar sequels.[61] Another project Cameron has announced is a personal commitment to shoot a film on the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki as told through the story of Tsutomu Yamaguchi, a man who survived both attacks. Cameron met with Yamaguchi just days before he died in 2010.[62]

Cameron receiving a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in December 2009

Cameron received the inaugural Bradbury Award from the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America in 1992 for Terminator 2: Judgment Day (Avatar would be a finalist in 2010).[63]

Cameron did not receive any major mainstream filmmaking awards prior to Titanic. For Titanic he won several including Academy Awards for Best Picture (shared with Jon Landau), Best Director and Best Film Editing (shared with Conrad Buff and Richard A. Harris). Cameron is one of the few filmmakers to win three Oscars in a single evening and Golden Globes for Best Motion Picture - Drama and Best Director.

In recognition of "a distinguished career as a Canadian filmmaker", Carleton University, Ottawa, awarded Cameron the honorary degree of Doctor of Fine Arts on June 13, 1998. Cameron accepted the degree in person and gave the Convocation Address.[citation needed]

He also received an honorary doctorate in October 1998 from Brock University in St. Catharines, Ontario, for his accomplishments in the international film industry.

In 1998, Cameron attended convocation to receive an honorary doctorate of Laws from Ryerson University, Toronto. The university awards its highest honor to those who have made extraordinary contributions in Canada, or internationally.

In 1999, Cameron received the honorary Doctor of Fine Arts degree[64] from California State University, Fullerton, where he had been a student in the 1970s. He received the degree at the university's annual Commencement exercises that year, where he gave the keynote speech.

In recognition of his contributions to underwater filming and remote vehicle technology, the University of Southampton awarded Cameron the honorary degree of Doctor of the University. Cameron did not attend the Engineering Sciences graduation ceremony in July 2004 where the degree was awarded but instead received it in person at the National Oceanography Centre.[65]

On June 3, 2008, it was announced that he would be inducted into Canada's Walk of Fame.[66] On December 18, 2009, the same day Avatar was released worldwide, Cameron received the 2,396th star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.[67] After the release of Avatar, on February 28, 2010, Cameron was also honored with a Visual Effects Society (VES) Lifetime Achievement Award.

For Avatar, Cameron won numerous awards as well, including: Golden Globes for Best Motion Picture - Drama (shared with Jon Landau) and Best Director. He was nominated for three Academy Awards: Best Picture, Best Director and Best Film Editing (shared with John Refoua and Stephen E. Rivkin).[68] However, Cameron and Avatar lost to his former wife[69] Kathryn Bigelow and her film, The Hurt Locker.

On September 24, 2010, James Cameron was named Number 1 in The 2010 Guardian Film Power 100 list.[70] In a list compiled by the British magazine New Statesman in September 2010, he was listed 30th in the list of "The World's 50 Most Influential Figures 2010".[71]

The Science Fiction Hall of Fame inducted Cameron in June 2012.[72]

Cameron has received numerous awards; mainly for Titanic and Avatar.

Cameron's films have recurring themes and subtexts. These include the conflicts between humanity and technology,[74] the dangers of corporate greed,[75] strong female characters,[76] and a strong romance subplot.[76] In almost all films, the main characters usually get into dramatic crisis situations with significant threats to their own life or even the threat of an impending apocalypse. While The Abyss dealt with deep sea exploration (shot on a studio set),[77] Cameron himself became an expert in the field of deep-sea wreckage exploration, exploring the wreckage of the Titanic and the Bismarck.[78] Cameron will return to this theme with The Dive, shooting from a minisub.

Cameron has contributed to many projects as a writer, director, and producer, or as a combination of the three. Cameron's first film was the 1978 science fiction short film Xenogenesis, which he directed, wrote and produced. Cameron's films have grossed a total of over $7 billion worldwide.

In addition to works of fiction, Cameron has directed and appeared in several documentaries including Ghosts of the Abyss and Aliens of the Deep. He also contributed to a number of television series including Dark Angel and Entourage. He plans to shoot a small drama film after the Avatar trilogy, just to prove that 3D works even for

Eight months after the marriage, however, they separated, and within days of Cameron's Oscar victory with Titanic, the couple announced their divorce. As part of the divorce settlement, Cameron was ordered to pay Hamilton $50 million.[80] Hamilton later revealed that the reason for their divorce was not only Cameron's blind devotion to his work to the exclusion of almost everything else, but also that he had been having an affair with Suzy Amis, an actress he cast in Titanic.[81] He married Amis in 2000, and they have one son and two daughters. Cameron lives in Malibu, California, with his wife.[citation needed] On February 2, 2012, the Associated Press said Cameron would be moving to New Zealand, a country he fell in love with when he was filming Avatar.[82]

Hurd was the producer of Cameron's The Terminator, Aliens, and The Abyss, and the executive producer of Terminator 2: Judgment Day. Hamilton played the role of Sarah Connor in both Terminator films. Amis played the part of Lizzy Calvert, Rose's granddaughter, in Titanic. Both Cameron (Avatar) and Bigelow (The Hurt Locker) were nominated for the Oscar, the Golden Globe, and the BAFTA Award for Best Director for films released in 2009. Cameron won the Golden Globe, while Bigelow won the Oscar and the BAFTA for Best Director, becoming the first woman to win either.[citation needed]

Cameron is a member of the NASA Advisory Council and is working on the project to put cameras on an upcoming manned Mars mission.[83] Cameron has also given speeches and raised money for the Mars Society, a non-profit organization lobbying for the colonization of Mars.[84][85]

Cameron became an expert on deep-sea exploration in conjunction with his research and underwater filming for The Abyss (1989) and Titanic (1997).[86] In June 2010, Cameron met in Washington with the EPA to discuss possible solutions to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon (BP) oil spill. Later that week at the All Things Digital Conference, he attracted some notoriety when he stated, "Over the last few weeks I've watched...and been thinking, 'Those morons don't know what they're doing'." Reportedly, Cameron had offered BP help to plug the oil well, but it declined.[86][87][88] The oil spill was eventually stopped using techniques similar to those Cameron recommended.[89]

Although Cameron has resided in the United States since 1971, he remains a Canadian citizen. Cameron applied for American citizenship but withdrew his application after George W. Bush won the presidential election in 2004.[90]

Cameron calls himself "Converted Agnostic", and says "I've sworn off agnosticism, which I now call cowardly atheism". As a child he described the Lord's Prayer as being a 'tribal chant'.[91]

In 2012, Cameron and his children adopted a vegan diet.[92] Cameron explains that "By changing what you eat, you will change the entire contract between the human species and the natural world".[93]

In June 2013, British artist Roger Dean filed a legal action at a court in New York against Cameron. Dean accused Cameron of "wilful and deliberate copying, dissemination and exploitation" of his original images, relating to Cameron's 2009 film Avatar and sought damages of $50m.[94]

On March 7, 2012, Cameron took the Deepsea Challenger submersible to the bottom of the New Britain Trench in a five-mile-deep solo dive.[95] On March 26, 2012, Cameron reached the Challenger Deep, the deepest part of the Mariana Trench.[9] He spent more than three hours exploring the ocean floor before returning to the surface.[96] Cameron is the first person to accomplish the trip solo.[9] He was preceded by unmanned dives in 1995 and 2009 and by Jacques Piccard and Don Walsh, who were the first men to reach the bottom of the Mariana Trench aboard the Bathyscaphe Trieste in 1960.[97] Cameron is making a three-dimensional film of his dive.[98] During his dive to the Challenger Deep, the data he collected resulted in interesting new finds in the field of marine biology, including new species of sea cucumber, squid worm, and giant single-celled amoeba, which are exciting finds due to the harshness of the environment.[99] Arnold Schwarzenegger, who appeared in Cameron's Terminator films, showed his support for the director via Twitter. 'Congrats to my great friend on the deepest solo dive ever. Always a pioneer'.

Cameron's directorial style has provided great influence throughout the film industry. Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Firefly creator Joss Whedon stated that Cameron's approach to action scenes was influential to those in The Avengers. He also cited Cameron as "the leader and the teacher and the Yoda".[100] Michael Bay considers Cameron an idol and was convinced by him to use 3D in Transformers: Dark of the Moon.[101] Cameron's approach to 3D also inspired Baz Luhrmann to utilize it in The Great Gatsby.[102] Other directors that have drawn inspiration from Cameron include Peter Jackson.[103]

In 1999, Cameron was labeled selfish and cruel by one collaborator, author Orson Scott Card, who had been hired a decade earlier to work with Cameron on the novelization of The Abyss. Card said the experience was "hell on wheels. He was very nice to me, because I could afford to walk away. But he made everyone around him miserable, and his unkindness did nothing to improve the film in any way. Nor did it motivate people to work faster or better. And unless he changes his way of working with people, I hope he never directs anything of mine. In fact, now that this is in print, I can fairly guarantee that he will never direct anything of mine. Life is too short to collaborate with selfish, cruel people."[104] He later alluded to Cameron in his review of Me and Orson Welles, where he described witnessing a famous director chew out an assistant for his own error.[105]

After working with Cameron on Titanic, Kate Winslet decided she would not work with Cameron again unless she earned "a lot of money." She said that Cameron was a nice man, but she found his temper difficult to deal with.[106] In an editorial, the British newspaper The Independent said that Cameron "is a nightmare to work with. Studios have come to fear his habit of straying way over schedule and over budget. He is notorious on set for his uncompromising and dictatorial manner, as well as his flaming temper."[106]

Sam Worthington, who worked with Cameron, stated on The Jay Leno Show that Cameron had very high expectations from everyone: he would use a nail gun to nail the film crew's cell phones to a wall above an exit door in retaliation for unwanted ringing during production.[107] Other actors, such as Bill Paxton and Sigourney Weaver, have praised Cameron's perfectionism. Weaver said of Cameron: "He really does want us to risk our lives and limbs for the shot, but he doesn't mind risking his own."[108] Michael Biehn has also praised Cameron, claiming "Jim is a really passionate person. He cares more about his movies than other directors care about their movies", but added "I’ve never seen him yell at anybody." However, Biehn did claim Cameron is "not real sensitive when it comes to actors."[109]

Composer James Horner refused to work with Cameron for a decade following their strained working relationship on 1986's Aliens;[citation needed] they eventually settled their differences, and Horner went on to score both Titanic and Avatar.

An episode of South Park from its 16th season depicted the director as being self-obsessed. He is seen going deep sea diving while playing his own theme song and appearing oblivious to his overtly bored ship's crew. However the episode also credits him for "raising the bar" on entertainment.

During the 70th Golden Globe Awards ceremony, co-host Amy Poehler prompted laughter and audible gasps[110] when she joked about a controversy around the depiction of torture in Zero Dark Thirty, a film co-produced and directed by Cameron's ex-wife Kathryn Bigelow. According to Poehler, "when it comes to torture, I trust a lady who spent three years married to James Cameron."[110]

ג'יימס קמרון ג'יימס קמרון קמרון באוקטובר 2012 תאריך לידה: 16 באוגוסט 1954 מקום לידה: קפוסקסינג, אונטריו, קנדה פרסים: אוסקר, גלובוס הזהב וסאטורן על בימוי הסרטים טיטניק, שובו של הנוסע השמיני, שליחות קטלנית 2, שקרים אמיתיים, מצולות ואווטאר ‏‏[1]. פרופיל ב-IMDb ג'יימס קמרון (באנגלית: James Cameron; נולד ב-16 באוגוסט 1954) הוא במאי, מפיק ותסריטאי קולנוע קנדי זוכה פרסי אוסקר, גלובוס הזהב וסאטורן על סרטיו. קמרון ביים את שני סרטי הקולנוע המכניסים ביותר בכל הזמנים, טיטניק ואווטאר. כמו כן ביים סרטים נוספים שהיו לשוברי קופות, ובהם שליחות קטלנית, שליחות קטלנית 2, מצולות ושובו של הנוסע השמיני. המוטיב המרכזי במרבית סרטיו של קמרון הוא היחסים בין האדם לטכנולוגיה. תוכן עניינים [%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%94] 1 תחילת חייו 2 קריירה 2.1 שליחות קטלנית (1984) 2.2 רמבו 2 (1985) 2.3 שובו של הנוסע השמיני (1986) 2.4 מצולות (1989) 2.5 שליחות קטלנית 2: יום הדין (1991) 2.6 שקרים אמיתיים (1994) 2.7 טיטניק (1997) 2.8 מלאך שחור (2000-2002) 3 פרסים והוקרה 4 חיים אישיים 5 הערות שוליים 6 קישורים חיצוניים תחילת חייו[%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA קוד מקור | עריכה]

ג'יימס קמרון נולד בקפוסקסינג שבמחוז אונטריו שבקנדה. אביו פיליפ היה מהנדס חשמל ואימו שירלי הייתה אמנית. הוא גדל בצ'יפאווה שבאונטריו, ובשנת 1971 עבר עם משפחתו לברי שבקליפורניה, שם למד פיזיקה באוניברסיטת פולרטון, אבל תשוקתו ליצירת סרטים משכה אותו למאגר הסרטים של האוניברסיטה בכל הזדמנות. לאחר שראה את הסרט "מלחמת הכוכבים", קמרון התפטר מעבודתו כנהג משאית ועשה את דרכו לתעשיית הקולנוע. קמרון התחיל את דרכו בתעשיית הקולנוע כתסריטאי, ורק מאוחר יותר עבר לבימוי ואפקטים בסרט "הבריחה מניו יורק". כאשר עבד עם המפיק רוג'ר קורמן, קמרון השיג את תפקיד הבימוי הראשון שלו ב-1981 בסרט "פיראניה 2" שהוא בעצם סרט המשך לסרט קאלט "פיראנה" משנת 1978. הסרט היה בתקציב נמוך שצולם באיי קיימן לצורך צילום הסצנות התת-מימיות, וברומא שבאיטליה לצורך רוב סצנות הפנים. הוא נשכר במקור לתפקד כבמאי האפקטים המיוחדים, ונטל את הפיקוד כאשר הבמאי המקורי עזב. הסרט היה כישלון צורב וקיבל ביקורות קשות מאוד, קמרון עצמו התחרט שעשה את הסרט ומחשיב את 'שליחות קטלנית' כסרטו הראשון. קריירה[%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA קוד מקור | עריכה]

שליחות קטלנית (1984)[%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA קוד מקור | עריכה]

ג'יימס קמרון, 1986 בזמן שהותו ברומא חלה קמרון, וחלם על מכונה שמגיחה מתוך האש כדי להרוג אותו. הוא המחיש את הרעיון לסרט "שליחות קטלנית", כתב תסריט והחליט למכור אותו כדי שיוכל לביים את הסרט. אך על אף שחברות ההפקה איתן יצר קשר הביעו התעניינות בפרויקט, הן לא היו מוכנות לתת לבמאי צעיר לעשות את הסרט. לבסוף הוא מצא חברה שמוכנה לתת לו לביים. אשתו לעתיד, גייל אן הורד, שהקימה חברת הפקות משלה, עבדה עם קמרון בעבר בסרט של רוג'ר קורמן, הסכימה לקנות את התסריט של קמרון בעבור דולר אחד בתמורה שקמרון יביים את הסרט. הורד הוחתמה כמפיקת הסרט וקמרון זכה לבסוף להזדמנות הראשונה שלו כבמאי. בתחילה, לדמות של המחסל, קמרון חיפש אדם לא שרירי במיוחד שיוכל להתמזג בהמון. לאנס הנריקסן, שכיכב בסרט "פיראנה 2" נשקל כמועמד לתפקיד, אבל כאשר ארנולד שוורצנגר וקמרון נפגשו לראשונה לדון בליהוקו של שוורצנגר לדמותו של קייל ריס, הגיעו שניהם למסקנה שדמות הקיבורג הרשע יהיה תפקיד יותר משכנע לשרירן האוסטרי. הנריקסן קיבל תפקיד יותר קטן של בלש משטרה, ואת התפקיד של קייל ריס קיבל מייקל ביהן. בנוסף, הופיעה לראשונה בסרט לינדה המילטון בתפקידה המפורסם של שרה קונור. מאוחר יותר נישאה המילטון לקמרון. "שליחות קטלנית" היה שובר קופות וניפץ את ציפיות האולפנים לגבי קטלוגו כעוד סרט מדע בדיוני, שלא יחזיק מעמד יותר משבוע באולמות הקולנוע. הסרט נעשה בתקציב נמוך (6.5 מיליון דולר) אבל הכניס יותר מ-38 מיליון דולר. רמבו 2 (1985)[%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA קוד מקור | עריכה] בשנות ה-80 המוקדמות, כתב קמרון שלושה תסריטים בו זמנית: "שליחות קטלנית", "שובו של הנוסע שמיני" ואת הטיוטה הראשונית של "רמבו 2". בשעה שקמרון המשיך את עבודתו על שליחות קטלנית והנוסע שמיני, סילבסטר סטאלונה תפס את הפיקוד על התסריט של רמבו 2 ויצר טיוטה סופית שהייתה שונה לגמרי מכוונתו המקורית של קמרון. באשר לקמרון, ניתן לו קרדיט עבור התסריט בכתוביות הסיום של הסרט. שובו של הנוסע השמיני (1986)[%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA קוד מקור | עריכה]

הצמד המפיק מאחורי "שובו של הנוסע השמיני", ג'יימס קמרון וגייל אן הורד הפרויקט הבא של קמרון היה סרט ההמשך לנוסע השמיני, סרטו של רידלי סקוט משנת 1979. קמרון קרא לסרט "Aliens" וליהק שוב את סיגורני ויבר לתפקיד המפורסם של אלן ריפלי (הניצולה היחידה מהסרט הראשון). לפי קמרון, צוות הצילום של הסרט היה עוין כלפיו, והתייחס אליו כמחליף עלוב לרידלי סקוט. קמרון הראה להם את סרטו "שליחות קטלנית", אך רובם נשארו סקפטיים. על אף חילוקי הדעות (קמרון גם החליף את השחקן ג'יימס רימר ששיחק את סגן היקס בשחקן "שליחות קטלנית" מייקל ביהן), "שובו של הנוסע השמיני" היה לשובר קופות וסיגורני ויבר הייתה מועמדת לפרס השחקנית הטובה ביותר באוסקר 1986. קמרון זכה בפרס סאטורן בקטגוריית הבמאי ובנוסף, הסרט והשחקנית הראשית הגיעו לעמוד הראשון של טיים מגזין כתוצאה מהנושאים הפמיניסטים פורצי הדרך של אישה בקרב. בעקבות ההצלחה הפנומנלית של הסרט, לקמרון היה עכשיו את החופש לעשות איזה פרויקט שרק ירצה. מצולות (1989)[%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA קוד מקור | עריכה] הרעיון לפרויקט הבא של קמרון נבע משיעורי ביולוגיה שלו בתיכון. סיפורם של פועלים באסדת קידוח שמגלים יצורים תת-מימיים מעולם אחר היה הבסיס לתסריט של קמרון לסרט "מצולות", שבו השתתפו אד האריס, מרי אליזבת מסטרנטוניו ומייקל ביהן. הסרט שנעשה בתקציב של 41 מיליון דולר, נחשב לאחד הסרטים היקרים בזמנו והיה עתיר אפקטים חדשניים. בגלל העובדה שרוב הסרט מתרחש מתחת למים, והטכנולוגיה לא הייתה מפותחת מספיק כדי ליצור סביבה תת-מימית דיגיטלית, קמרון בחר לצלם את הסרט בעומק 12 מטר מתחת למים. כדי ליצור את הסט, הוסב מבנה של תחנת כוח גרעינית ושני מכלים גדולים. "מצולות" פתח במקום השני בסרטים שוברי הקופות (9.3 מיליון דולר) והכניס סכום כולל של מעל 100 מיליון דולר, בצירוף עם ביקורות מהללות. הסרט זכה בפרס אוסקר על האפקטים המיוחדים הטובים ביותר, בנוסף למועמדויות בקטגוריית הארט דיירקטור הטוב ביותר, הצילום הטוב ביותר, והסאונד הטוב ביותר. קמרון זכה בפרס סאטורן נוסף על עבודת הבימוי. שליחות קטלנית 2: יום הדין (1991)[%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA קוד מקור | עריכה] Postscript-viewer-shaded.png ערך מורחב – שליחות קטלנית 2: יום הדין לאחר ההצלחה של "שליחות קטלנית", היו שיחות לגבי המשך סיפורה של שרה קונור ומאבקה במכונות מהעתיד. אף על פי שלקמרון היה רעיון בסיסי ליצירת ההמשך, וארנולד שוורצנגר הביע נכונות להשתתף, היו עדיין בעיות בנוגע לזכויות ושימוש באפקטים מיוחדים. לבסוף, בשנת 1990, נרכשו הזכויות בידי Carolco Pictures וניתן אור ירוק להפקת ההמשך. לסרט חזרו לינדה המילטון בתפקיד שרה קונור וארנולד שוורצנגר בתפקיד המחסל (מודל T-800), אך הפעם כמגינו של ג'ון קונור, שעתיד להיות מנהיג המורדים. כנגדו ניצב מודל T-1000, מחסל מסוג מתקדם יותר שעשוי מתכת נוזלית (השחקן רוברט פטריק), שהיווה ניגוד גמור לשוורצנגר. קמרון הסביר, כי רצה מישהו שיהיה יותר מהיר וזריז, וש"אם מודל T-800 היה טנק פאנצר, הרי שמודל T-1000 הוא פורשה". קמרון רצה לשלב את המודל המתקדם הזה כבר בסרט הראשון, אך האפקטים המיוחדים לא היו מפותחים מספיק בזמנו. אולם הודות לאפקטים התת-מימיים בסרט "מצולות", קמרון השתכנע כי הדבר כעת אפשרי. עם תקציב של למעלה מ-100 מיליון דולר, הסרט שבר את שיאי הקופות, עם הכנסות של מעל 200 מיליון דולר ברחבי ארצות הברית, ומעל ל-300 מיליון דולר נוספים מחוץ לגבולות ארצות הברית. הסרט זכה בארבעה פרסי אוסקר בקטגוריות האיפור, הסאונד, אפקטים קוליים ואפקטים חזותיים. היה זה סרטו השלישי שזיכה את קמרון בפרס סאטורן. שקרים אמיתיים (1994)[%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA קוד מקור | עריכה] לפני יציאת "שליחות קטלנית 2", שוורצנגר ניגש לקמרון עם רעיון לחידוש הקומדיה הצרפתית "La Totale". הסרט, שנקרא "שקרים אמיתיים", עוקב אחרי מרגל שחי חיים כפולים כאיש נשוי, שאשתו חושבת שהוא סוכן מכירות. את אשתו שיחקה ג'יימי לי קרטיס, כאשר לצד שוורצנגר שיחק טום ארנולד. הסרט, שנעשה בתקציב של 115 מיליון דולר, הכניס סכום של למעלה מ-370 מיליון דולר. קמרון זכה בפעם הרביעית בפרס סאטורן על עבודת הבימוי. טיטניק (1997)[%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA קוד מקור | עריכה] קמרון הביע התעניינות בטביעתה של האונייה טיטניק. הוא החליט לכתוב ולביים את סרטו הבא, "טיטניק", בהסתמך על המאורע הזה. הסרט עוסק ברומן בין שני צעירים ממעמדות שונים, שנפגשים על סיפון האונייה, ומסעם. לפני תחילת הצילומים, קמרון צלל לקרקעית האוקיינוס, שם צילם תמונות מהטיטניק האמיתית ושילב אותן בסרט. קמרון ליהק את לאונרדו דיקפריו וקייט וינסלט לתפקידים הראשיים. תקציב הסרט עמד על 200 מיליון דולר, מה שהפך את הסרט ליקר ביותר בכל הזמנים, והכניס 28 מיליון דולר בסוף השבוע הראשון להקרנתו. הסרט שמר על מקום ראשון ברשימת שוברי הקופות למשך כמה שנים, וסכום ההכנסות הכולל נמדד על 1.8 מיליארד דולר, נתון אשר הציב אותו למשך 12 שנים במקום הראשון ברשימת הסרטים בעלי ההכנסות הגבוהות בכל הזמנים, (עד ינואר 2010 כאשר הסרט אווטאר תפס את מקומו). הסרט זיכה את קמרון בפרס אוסקר ולראשונה בפרס גלובוס הזהב על עבודת הבימוי הטובה ביותר. מלאך שחור (2000-2002)[%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA קוד מקור | עריכה] לאחר שניסה להציע תסריט לסרט "ספיידרמן" למנהלי Carolco Pictures, שפשטה רגל מאוחר יותר, ג'יימס קמרון ניסה מזלו בטלוויזיה. הוא יצר את הסיפור לגיבורת על בשם מקס גוויברה. סדרת הטלוויזיה "מלאך שחור" הושפעה מתרבות הסייברפאנק, מז'אנר הסופר-גיבורים העכשווי, וכן מהגל השלישי של הפמיניזם. הסדרה, שרכבה על גל הפמיניזם שהותווה בידי ריפלי ושרה קונור של שנות ה-80, הציגה את מקס (השחקנית ג'סיקה אלבה), חיילת מהונדסת גנטית שנוצרה בידי תאגיד מנטיקור החשאי. בנוסף לה, כיכבו בסדרה מייקל ותרלי כלוגן קייל וג'ון סאבאג' (צייד הצבאים, "שיער") כקולונל ליידקר, שרודף אחרי מקס. בשעה שהסדרה זכתה להצלחה בעונתה הראשונה, הרייטינג צנח בעונתה השנייה, וגם היה בעיות תקציב לסדרה מה שהוביל לביטולה. למרות ביטול הסדרה היא זכתה לאהדה רבה של מעריצים והפכה לסדרת קאלט, וגם ג'סיקה אלבה השחקנית הראשית אשר זכתה בפרס סטורן על תפקידה בתור מקס. 2002-2009[%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA קוד מקור | עריכה] Postscript-viewer-shaded.png ערכים מורחבים – פענוח יציאת מצרים, מערת הקבורה של ישו, אווטאר (סרט) הפרויקטים האחרונים של קמרון כללו יצירת סרטים דוקומנטרים על קורות האוניות ביסמרק וטיטניק, תוך שימוש בטכנולוגיית ה-IMAX. הוא גם שימש כמפיק בסרט סולאריס משנת 2002 ובסרט הדוקומנטרי משנת 2006, "פענוח יציאת מצרים", של ערוץ ההיסטוריה. קמרון תומך בסרטי תלת ממד סטריאוסקופים-דיגיטלים, והסרט התיעודי על הטיטניק, "Ghosts of the Abyss" נעשה כולו בתלת מימד. כך גם הפרויקטים הבאים שלו - הסרט אווטאר שמשתמש בטכניקת לכידת תנועה מתקדמת יותר מאשר זו ששימשה בסרטו של רוברט זמקיס "רכבת לקוטב", והסרט "Battle Angel Alita" שיהיה מבוסס על סדרת המאנגה, שאותו קמרון מחשיב כטרילוגיה אפשרית של סרטים [2]. ב-26 בפברואר 2007 הודיע קמרון יחד עם הבמאי הישראלי שמחה יעקובוביץ', כי הוא תיעד את חשיפת מערת תלפיות בסרט התיעודי "מערת הקבורה של ישו", ששודר בערוץ דיסקברי ב-4 במרץ 2007. פרסים והוקרה[%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA קוד מקור | עריכה]

קמרון בעת קבלת הכוכב על שמו בשדרת הכוכבים של הוליווד בדצמבר 2009 ג'יימס קמרון זכה לפרסים רבים, ביניהם: פרס נבולה בשנת 1991 מטעם איגוד כותבי המדע בדיוני ופנטזיה של אמריקה. 4 פרסי סאטורן עבור עבודת הבימוי הטובה ביותר (על הסרטים "שובו של הנוסע השמיני", "מצולות", "שליחות קטלנית 2" ו"שקרים אמיתיים"). 3 פרסי אוסקר עבור הסרט "טיטניק" לעריכה הטובה ביותר, הסרט הטוב ביותר, והבמאי הטוב ביותר. עבור הישגיו בתחום הצילום התת-ימי, אוניברסיטת סאות'המפטון חילקה לו דוקטור לשם כבוד של האוניברסיטה. קמרון קיבל את תואר הכבוד באופן אישי בטקס הסיום של האוניברסיטה ביולי 2004. ב-3 ביוני 2008 נודע כי שמו של קמרון יתווסף לשדרת הכוכבים של קנדה ‏‏[3]. ב-18 בדצמבר 2009 נוסף שמו של קמרון לשדרת הכוכבים של הוליווד. שלושה פרסי אוסקר לסרט אווטאר בקטגוריות הצילום האמנותי, העיצוב האמנותי והאפקטים המיוחדים. ארבעה פרסי גלובוס הזהב עבור הסרטים טיטניק ואווטאר פעמיים בקטגורית הסרט הדרמטי הטוב ביותר ופעמיים בקטגוריית הבמאי הטוב ביותר. תשעה פרסי סאטורן לסרט אווטאר בקטגוריות סרט המדע בדיוני הטוב ביותר, שחקן ראשי, שחקנית ראשית, שחקן משנה, שחקנית משנה, הבימוי והכתיבה (קמרון), הפסקול והאפקטים המיוחדים. חיים אישיים[%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA קוד מקור | עריכה]

קמרון היה נשוי חמש פעמים: לשרון ויליאמס (1978-1984), לגייל אן הורד (1985-1989), לקתרין ביגלו (1989-1991), ללינדה המילטון (1997-1999) ולהם בת אחת, ולסוזי איימיס (משנת 2000 ועד היום), ולהם בן ושתי בנות. מ-2012 החלו קמרון וילדיו לאמץ דיאטה טבעונית מטעמים אתיים [4] הערות שוליים[%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA קוד מקור | עריכה]

קישורים חיצוניים[%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA קוד מקור | עריכה]

מיזמי קרן ויקימדיה ויקישיתוף תמונות ומדיה בוויקישיתוף: ג'יימס קמרון ג'יימס קמרון, במסד הנתונים הקולנועיים IMDb (באנגלית) ארז דבורה, שובו של המלך, ynet ‏, 21.08.09 ישי קיצ'לס, אוואטר: שובו של הנוסע בזמן, עכבר העיר, 18.12.2009 ג'יימס קמרון מתכונן לאווטאר 2: "אני חי בפנדורה", באתר ynet‏, 18 במרץ 2013

[%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%94] פרס אוסקר לבמאי הטוב ביותר 1927‏-1940	פרנק בורזאג' (1927) • לואיס מיילסטון (1928) • פרנק לויד (1929) • לואיס מיילסטון (1930) • נורמן טאורוג (1931) • פרנק בורזאג' (1932) • פרנק לויד (1933) • פרנק קפרה (1934) • ג'ון פורד (1935) • פרנק קפרה (1936) • לאו מקארי (1937) • פרנק קפרה (1938) • ויקטור פלמינג (1939) • ג'ון פורד (1940) 1941‏-1960	ג'ון פורד (1941) • ויליאם ויילר (1942) • מייקל קורטיז (1943) • לאו מקארי (1944) • בילי ויילדר (1945) • ויליאם ויילר (1946) • איליה קאזאן (1947) • ג'ון יוסטון (1948) • ג'וזף ל. מנקייביץ' (1949) • ג'וזף ל. מנקייביץ' (1950) • ג'ורג' סטיבנס (1951) • ג'ון פורד (1952) • פרד זינמן (1953) • איליה קאזאן (1954) • דלברט מאן (1955) • ג'ורג' סטיבנס (1956) • דייוויד לין (1957) • וינסנט מינלי (1958) • ויליאם ויילר (1959) • בילי ויילדר (1960) 1961‏-1980	רוברט וייז/ג'רום רובינס (1961) • דייויד לין (1962) • טוני ריצ'רדסון (1963) • ג'ורג' קיוקר (1964) • רוברט וייז (1965) • פרד זינמן (1966) • מייק ניקולס (1967) • קרול ריד (1968) • ג'ון שלזינגר (1969) • פרנקלין שפנר (1970) • ויליאם פרידקין (1971) • בוב פוסי (1972) • ג'ורג' רוי היל (1973) • פרנסיס פורד קופולה (1974) • מילוש פורמן (1975) • ג'ון ג. אבילדסן (1976) • וודי אלן (1977) • מייקל צ'ימינו (1978) • רוברט בנטון (1979) • רוברט רדפורד (1980) 1981‏-2000	וורן בייטי (1981) • ריצ'רד אטנבורו (1982) • ג'יימס ברוקס (1983) • מילוש פורמן (1984) • סידני פולאק (1985) • אוליבר סטון (1986) • ברנרדו ברטולוצ'י (1987) • בארי לוינסון (1988) • אוליבר סטון (1989) • קווין קוסטנר (1990) • ג'ונתן דמי (1991) • קלינט איסטווד (1992) • סטיבן ספילברג (1993) • רוברט זמקיס (1994) • מל גיבסון (1995) • אנתוני מינגלה (1996) • ג'יימס קמרון (1997) • סטיבן ספילברג (1998) • סם מנדס (1999) • סטיבן סודרברג (2000) 2001-היום	רון הווארד (2001) • רומן פולנסקי (2002) • פיטר ג'קסון (2003) • קלינט איסטווד (2004) • אנג לי (2005) • מרטין סקורסזה (2006) • האחים כהן (2007) • דני בויל (2008) • קתרין ביגלו (2009) • טום הופר (2010) • מישל הזנוויציוס (2011) • אנג לי (2012)

[%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%94] פרס גלובוס הזהב לבמאי הטוב ביותר - סרט קולנוע 1943‏-1960	הנרי קינג (1943) • לאו מקארי (1944) • בילי ויילדר (1945) • פרנק קפרה (1946) • איליה קאזאן (1947) • ג'ון יוסטון (1948) • רוברט רוסן (1949) • בילי ויילדר (1950) • לאסלו בנדק (1951) • ססיל ב. דה-מיל (1952) • פרד זינמן (1953) • איליה קאזאן (1954) • ג'ושוע לוגן (1955) • איליה קאזאן (1956) • דייוויד לין (1957) • וינסנט מינלי (1958) • ויליאם ויילר (1959) • ג 'ק קרדיף (1960) 1961‏-1980	סטנלי קריימר (1961) • דייוויד לין (1962) • איליה קאזאן (1963) • ג'ורג' קיוקור (1964) • דייוויד לין (1965) • פרד זינמן (1966) • פרד זינמן (1967) • מייק ניקולס (1968) • פול ניומן (1969) • צ'ארלס ג'ארוט (1970) • ארתור הילר (1971) • פרנסיס פורד קופולה (1972) • ויליאם פרידקין (1973) • רומן פולנסקי (1974) • מילוש פורמן (1975) • סידני לומט (1976) • הרברט רוס (1977) • מייקל צ'ימינו (1978) • פרנסיס פורד קופולה (1979) • רוברט רדפורד (1980) 1981‏-2000	וורן בייטי (1981) • ריצ'רד אטנבורו (1982) • ברברה סטרייסנד (1983) • מילוש פורמן (1984) • ג'ון יוסטון (1985) • אוליבר סטון (1986) • ברנרדו ברטולוצ'י (1987) • קלינט איסטווד (1988) • אוליבר סטון (1989) • קווין קוסטנר (1990) • אוליבר סטון (1991) • קלינט איסטווד (1992) • סטיבן ספילברג (1993) • רוברט זמקיס (1994) • מל גיבסון (1995) • מילוש פורמן (1996) • ג'יימס קמרון (1997) • סטיבן ספילברג (1998) • סם מנדז (1999) • אנג לי (2000) 2001-היום	רוברט אלטמן (2001) • מרטין סקורסזה (2002) • פיטר ג'קסון (2003) • קלינט איסטווד (2004) • אנג לי (2005) מרטין סקורסזה (2006) • ג'וליאן שנאבל (2007) • דני בויל (2008) • ג'יימס קמרון (2009) • דייוויד פינצ'ר (2010) • מרטין סקורסזה (2011) • בן אפלק (2012)

[%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%94] ג'יימס קמרון סרטים שביים	שליחות קטלנית (1984) • שובו של הנוסע השמיני (1986) • המצולות (1989) • שליחות קטלנית 2: יום הדין (1991) • שקרים אמיתיים (1994) • טיטניק (1997) • אווטאר (2009) סרטים שהפיק	רמבו: משחק הדמים 2 (1985) • נקודת פריצה (1991) • ימים משונים (1995) • מלאך שחור (2000-2002) • סולאריס (2002) • פענוח יציאת מצרים (2006) • מערת הקבורה של ישו (2007) • סאנקטום (2011) קטגוריות: במאי קולנוע קנדיםסופרים זוכי פרס נבולהזוכי פרס גלובוס הזהב - במאיםזוכי אוסקר: הבמאי הטובטבעונים קנדים