John Crew, 1st Baron Crew of Stene

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John Crew, 1st Baron Crew of Stene (Steyne) (1598 – 12 December 1679) was an English Puritan politician, who sided with the Parliamentary cause during the Civil War but was raised to a peerage by Charles II after the Restoration. more biography

• Parents: son of Sir Thomas Crew, Speaker of the House of Commons by his wife Temperance Bray.

Married

1. Jemima Waldegrave, daughter of Edward Waldegrave of Lawford Hall in Essex.

Child of John Crewe, 1st Baron Crewe of Steyne

1. Anne Crewe+1 d. 27 Sep 1708 Children of John Crewe, 1st Baron Crewe of Steyne and Jemima Waldegrave include
2. Sir Thomas Crew (1624–1697), who succeeded his father in the peerage but died without male issue
3. Rev. Nathaniel Crew (1633–1721), Bishop of Durham, who succeeded his older brother as 3rd Baron
4. Jemima, Countess of Sandwich (1625–1674), who married Edward Montagu, later Earl of Sandwich, in 1642.
5. Anne, who married Sir Henry Wright, 1st Baronet, of Dagenham, Essex.
6. Reverend Samuel Crew, died in 1660.

Citations

• [S282] Sir Bernard Burke, editor, Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry, 4th edition, (London, England: Burke's Peerage Ltd, 1863), page 1241. Hereinafter cited as Burke's Landed Gentry, 4th ed. Links
• http://thepeerage.com/p37169.htm#i371683
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Crew,_1st_Baron_Crew
• http://www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk/online/content/Crew1644.htm

Notes

• Rob Hall, on his website, lists John Crewe's date of birth as 1625 in Crewe, Cheshire, and his death date as 29 August 1660, in Hungars Parish, Northampton County, VA. Since Temperance Crewe (Bray) is recorded as dying in 1619, this certainly causes a problem with the birth date! (Ref - www.tudorplace.com) Tina Gardner

MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT KINSHIP: Son and heir. BIRTH: Date Calculated> Age being 81 years in 1679 [death year].

EDUCATION: Matriculated at Oxford (Magdelene College), 1616. OFFICE: [M.P.] Member of Parliament for Agmondesham, 1624-1626; for Brackley, 1626, 1640-1648; for Banbury, 1628-1629; for Northants, 1640, 1654-1655, 1660. ASSIGNMENTS: Summoned to Cromwell's "Other House" in 1657, but never took his seat.

TITLES: Created Baron Crew of Stene, 1661.

PROBATE: Will dated 19 Aug 1678; will proved 15 Dec 1679. MONUMENTAL INSCRIPTION: At Stene {Steane, Northamptonshire, England}.

Sources [S452] #21 The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct, or Dormant (1910), Cokayne, George Edward (main author) and Vicary Gibbs (added author), (New edition. 13 volumes in 14. London: St. Catherine Press,1910-), vol. 3 p. 532.

[S335] #506 Visitation of England and Wales, Notes (1896-1921), Howard, Joseph Jackson, (14 volumes. [London]: Frederick Arthur Crisp, 1896-1921), FHL book 942 D23hn., vol. 5 p. 96.

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John Crew, 1st Baron Crew of Stene (1598 – 12 December 1679) was an English Puritan politician, who sided with the Parliamentary cause during the Civil War but was raised to a peerage by Charles II after the Restoration. [edit] Career The son of Sir Thomas Crew, Speaker of the House of Commons from 1623 to 1625, he followed his father into Parliament. He was first elected Member for Amersham in 1625, and also subsequently represented Brackley in the Parliament of 1626 and the Short Parliament, Banbury in the Parliament of 1628–9 and Northamptonshire in the Long Parliament. He voted against the attainder of Strafford, but supported Parliament when Civil War came, although he was a moderate, suspicious of the Army and supported the Self-Denying Ordinance. He was chosen chairman of the Commons Committee on Religion, was one of the parliamentary commissioners sent to negotiate with the Royalists at Uxbridge in 1645, and was one of those entrusted with the custody of the King at Holdenby House after the Scots handed him over to Parliament in 1647. However, the following year the army leaders, knowing that he would oppose the trial of the King, had him arrested and he was excluded from his parliamentary seat in Pride's Purge.

He returned to the Commons in the First Protectorate Parliament as MP for Northamptonshire but was once again excluded by the government. Despite this, he was summoned by the Lord Protector to sit in his new House of Lords, which first met in 1658. After the collapse of the restored Rump he resumed his seat in the briefly resurrected unpurged House, then was elected once more for Northamptonshire in the Convention Parliament, was appointed to the Council of State, and was one of the delegation sent to meet Charles II at The Hague and arrange his return to the throne.

On 20 April 1661, he was created Baron Crew of Stene in recognition of his efforts to promote the Restoration, and thereafter retired from active politics. A wealthy man, he had bought a large house in Lincoln's Inn Fields during the 1650s, and was a well-regarded host; Samuel Pepys, who was a retainer of his son-in-law Edward Montagu and mentions him many times in his diaries, was a frequent guest.

[edit]

Family

He married Jemima Waldegrave, daughter of Edward Waldegrave of Lawford Hall in Essex. Their children included: Sir Thomas Crew (1624–1697), who succeeded his father in the peerage but died without male issue Rev. Nathaniel Crew (1633–1721), Bishop of Durham, who succeeded his older brother as 3rd Baron Jemima, Countess of Sandwich (1625–1674), who married Edward Montagu, later Earl of Sandwich, in 1642. Anne, who married Sir Henry Wright, 1st Baronet, of Dagenham, Essex. Reverend Samuel Crew, died in 1660.

Lord Crew died in 1679.

Family and Education b. c.1598, 1st s. of (Sir) Thomas Crewe* and Temperance, da. and coh. of Reginald Bray of Steane.2 educ. G. Inn 1615, called 1624; Magdalen, Oxf. 1616, aged 18, BA 1617.3 m. 24 Feb. 1623, Jemima (d.1675), da. and coh. of Edward Waldegrave of Lawford Hall, Essex, 6s. 2da.4 suc. fa. 1634;5 cr. Bar. Crew of Stene 20 Apr. 1661.6 d. 12 Dec. 1679.7

Offices Held

J.p. Northants. 1630-9, 1641-9, 1656-d.;8 recorder, Banbury 1633-4;9 commr. sewers, Northants. 1634,10 defence 1642, assessment 1643-8, 1657, 1660-1, sequestration 1643, execution of ordinances 1643, accounts 1643, levying money 1643, New Model Ordinance 1645, appeals, Oxf. Univ. 1647, militia, Northants. 1648, Northants. and Westminster 1660, drainage, Fenland 1649, visitation, Oxf. Univ. 1654, scandalous ministers, Northants. 1654,11 statutes, Durham Coll. 1656,12 oyer and terminer, Midland circ. 1660.13

Gent. of the privy chamber (extraordinary) 1638-at least 1641;14 member, Council of War 1643,15 cttee. of Both Kingdoms 1644-8;16 commr. treaty of Uxbridge 1645, provision for New Model Army 1645, abuses in heraldry 1646, exclusion from sacrament 1646, bps.’ lands 1646, managing assessment 1647, scandalous offences 1648,17 trade 1655-7, relief of Piedmontese Protestants 1656;18 cllr. of state 25 Feb.-31 May 1660.19

Biography Crewe, whose father was then Speaker of the Commons, was returned sometime in May 1624 for the newly enfranchised borough of Amersham, where his uncle (Sir) Ranulphe*, the lord chief justice, had recently acted as an arbitrator in the sale of the manor.20 However, he played no known part in the last Jacobean Parliament, which was prorogued a few weeks later and dissolved automatically on the death of King James. In 1625 the borough re-elected him to the first Parliament of the new reign. In his maiden speech he spoke ‘very well’ on 28 June in defence of deprived ministers.21 He was named, with his cousin, Sir Clippesby Crewe*, to the committee on a bill to prevent the export of wool (27 June) and to attend a joint conference with the Lords to consider releasing prisoners from the Fleet during the plague (8 July).22 His only mention in the records of the Oxford sitting was on 8 Aug., when he was appointed to a joint conference on religion.23 At the next general election he was returned for Brackley, two miles from Steane. He was appointed to consider five bills in this Parliament, including those which aimed to punish adultery and fornication (4 Mar. 1626), regulate citations out of ecclesiastical courts (9 Mar.) and prevent clergymen other than bishops from officiating as justices (10 March).24 On 13 Mar. he spoke in grand committee on the king’s demand for supply, when he recommended that a sub-committee be instructed to draft an answer to the effect ‘that we shall be ready to give as much as we are able’. He further advised his listeners to prepare the petitions for religion and grievances and to ‘go along with those things that concern the Commonwealth’.25 He reiterated this recommendation on 25 Apr., when he also called for a ‘committee of twelve’ to discuss supply.26 His final recorded contribution, made on 20 May, was to defend Sir John Eliot* for demanding the impeachment of the duke of Buckingham.27

At the general election of 1628 Crewe relinquished his claim to a seat at Brackley to his brother-in-law John Curzon, and transferred himself to Banbury, some seven miles from Steane, where the financial embarrassments of Sir William Cope* had enabled Crewe’s father to acquire an interest.28 Early in the session he reminded the House of the need for order in keeping its records (31 Mar 1628).29 On Friday 4 Apr. he echoed Eliot in recommending that the debate on supply should be deferred till the Monday so that they might ‘serve God first and then to give to Caesar’.30 He moved for a sub-committee on billeting ‘that when the country shall tell us you have given away five subsidies, we may answer again: but we have eased you of your soldiers’ (8 April).31 His appointments in the first session of the third Caroline Parliament included being added to a recusancy bill committee (24 May) and to the sub-committee for old grievances (13 June).32 He spoke in favour of bills against scandalous ministers (16 May), for subscription (21 May), for the restitution in blood of Carew Raleigh† (19 June), and argued in favour of passing a temporary measure for impositions and taxes, including Tunnage and Poundage, rather than proceeding by petition alone (24 June).33 He made no recorded speeches in the 1629 session, when his only committee was to hear a petition against (Sir) Edward Mosley*.34

During the Personal Rule Crewe was charged with neglect over the collection of Ship Money, and accused of maintaining puritan preachers.35 Nevertheless, he was appointed to an honorary post at Court in 1638, and Charles I was later reported to have said that ‘Crewe, though he be against me, is an honest man’.36 As a nominal Presbyterian he supported Parliament in the First Civil War, sitting for Brackley in the Long Parliament until Pride’s Purge.37 Following the Restoration he was raised to the peerage, and soon afterwards retired from public life; according to his son Nathaniel, who became bishop of Durham, Crewe was twice offered the chancellorship of the Exchequer, but refused saying ‘if he was to begin the world again, he would never be concerned in public affairs’.38 In his will, dated 19 Aug. 1678, he declared himself to be ‘of the same faith now I am old wherein I was trained up in my youth’.39 He died on 12 Dec. 1679, and was buried at Steane, leaving an estate worth an estimated £4,000 a year to his eldest son, Thomas, who sat for Brackley in four parliaments.40 Crewe was remembered by Clarendon as a man of ‘greatest moderation’, and was also highly regarded by his friend Samuel Pepys.41 His portrait is now in the Sutherland collection at the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford.

Ref Volumes: 1604-1629 Authors: Alan Davidson / Rosemary Sgroi Notes 1. Secluded at Pride’s Purge, 6 Dec. 1648, readmitted 21 Feb. 1660. 2. G. Baker, Northants. i. 685. 3. GI Admiss.; Al. Ox.; PBG Inn, i. 264. 4. Vis. Suff. comp. Howard, ii. 226; Baker, i. 685. 5. C142/515/88. 6. CP, iii. 532-3. 7. Baker, i. 685. 8. C231/5, pp. 31, 352, 436; C193/13/5, 12/3; J.H. Gleason, JPs in Eng. 1558-1640, p. 180. 9. Banbury Corp. Recs. (Banbury Hist. Soc. xv), 304. 10. C181/4, f. 140v. 11. A. and O. i. 50, 93, 115, 140, 150, 233, 528, 547, 636, 927, 970, 1088, 1240; ii. 139, 973, 1026, 1074, 1374, 1437-8. 12. CSP Dom. 1655-6, p. 218. 13. C181/7, p. 16. 14. LC5/134, p. 265; LC3/1, unfol. 15. CJ, iii. 191. 16. A. and O. i. 382, 437, 612. 17. Ibid. 609, 620, 839, 853, 905, 1208. 18. CSP Dom. 1655-6, pp. 1, 100. 19. A. and O. ii. 1418. 20. Eg. 2723, f. 104v; Recs. of Bucks. xiv. 287; VCH Bucks. iii. 145. 21. Procs. 1625, p. 265; C. Russell, PEP, 231. 22. Procs. 1625, pp. 252, 347. 23. Ibid. 422. 24. Procs. 1626, ii. 196, 238, 246. 25. Ibid. 274. 26. Ibid. iii. 63, 66. 27. Ibid. ii. 296. 28. W. Potts, Banbury (2nd edn. 1978), p. 110. 29. CD 1628, ii. 222. 30. Ibid. 311, 316. 31. CD 1628, ii. 368; Russell, 346. 32. CD 1628, iii. 593; iv. 290. 33. CD 1628, iii. 432, 514, 519; iv. 380, 450, 458, 462. 34. CJ, i. 927b. 35. CSP Dom. 1636-7, p. 391; 1639, pp. 441-2. 36. ‘Mem. of Nathaniel, Lord Crewe’, ed. A. Clark Cam. Misc. IX. (Cam. Soc. n.s. liii), 2. 37. M.F. Keeler, Long Parl. 147; R. Ashton, Civil War, 334. 38. ‘Mem. of Nathaniel, Lord Crewe’, 2. 39. PROB 11/361, f. 254. 40. Baker, i. 685, 688; ‘Mem. of Nathaniel, Lord Crewe’, 1. 41. Clarendon, Hist. of the Rebellion ed. W.D. Macray, iii. 497