Karen Horney

Karen Horney (born Danielsen, 16 September 1885 – 4 December 1952) was a German psychoanalyst who practiced in the United States during her later career. Her theories questioned some traditional Freudian views. This was particularly true of her theories of sexuality and of the instinct orientation of psychoanalysis.

She is credited with founding feminist psychology in response to Freud's theory of penis envy. She disagreed with Freud about inherent differences in the psychology of men and women, and she traced such differences to society and culture rather than biology. As such, she is often classified as Neo-Freudian.

Karen Horney was born Karen Danielsen on 16 September 1885 in Blankenese, Germany, near Hamburg. Her father, Berndt Wackels Danielsen (1836–1910), was a ship's captain, a traditional devout with a patriarchal thinking (his children nicknamed him "the Bible-thrower"). Her mother, Clotilde, née van Ronzelen (1853–1911), known as "Sonni", was very different, being much more open-minded than Berndt.

Horney's elder brother was also named Berndt, and Karen cared for him deeply. She also had four elder half-siblings from her father's previous marriage.

According to Horney's adolescent diaries her father was "a cruel disciplinary figure," holding his son Berndt in higher regard than herself. Instead of being offended or feeling indignation over Karen's perceptions of him, her father brought her gifts from far-away countries. Despite this, Karen always felt deprived of her father's affection and instead became attached to her mother.

From roughly the age of nine Karen changed her perspective on life, becoming ambitious and somewhat rebellious. She felt that she could not become pretty and instead decided to vest her energies into her intellectual qualities — despite the fact she was seen by most as pretty. At this time she developed a crush on her older brother, who became embarrassed by her attentions — soon pushing her away. She suffered the first of several bouts of depression — an issue that would plague her for the rest of her life. . . .Continued

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The Karen Horney Clinic

The Karen Horney Clinic opened on May 6, 1955 in New York City, in honor of Horney's achievements. The institution seeks to research and train medical professionals, particularly in the psychiatric fields, as well as serving as a low-cost treatment center. The Clinic has recently witnessed an increase of patients not suitable for psychoanalysis for different reasons. These patients are treated with psychotherapeutic modalities such as supportive psychotherapy, and psychoanalytic psychotherapy, all based on Horney’s ideas.

Works

The following are all still in print:

• • Neurosis and Human Growth, Norton, New York, 1950. ISBN 0-393-00135-0
• • Are You Considering Psychoanalysis? Norton, 1946. ISBN 0-393-00131-8
• • Our Inner Conflicts, Norton, 1945. ISBN 0-393-00133-4
• • Self-analysis, Norton, 1942. ISBN 0-393-00134-2
• • New Ways in Psychoanalysis, Norton, 1939. ISBN 0-393-00132-6 (alternate link)
• • The Neurotic Personality of our Time, Norton, 1937. ISBN 0-393-01012-0
• • Feminine Psychology (reprints), Norton, 1922–37 1967. ISBN 0-393-00686-7
• • The Collected Works of Karen Horney (2 vols.), Norton, 1950. ISBN 1-199-36635-8
• • The Adolescent Diaries of Karen Horney, Basic Books, New York, 1980. ISBN 0-465-00055-X
• • The Therapeutic Process: Essays and Lectures, ed. Bernard J. Paris, Yale University Press, New Haven, 1999. ISBN 0-300-07527-8
• • The Unknown Karen Horney: Essays on Gender, Culture, and Psychoanalysis, ed. Bernard J. Paris, Yale University Press, New Haven, 2000. ISBN 0-300-08042-5
• • Final Lectures, ed. Douglas H. Ingram, Norton, 1991.—128 p. ISBN 0-393-30755-7 ISBN 97 80393307559

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