Liu Xiaobo 刘晓波, Nobel Peace Prize, 2010

Liu Xiaobo (Chinese: 刘晓波) was a Chinese literary critic, writer, human rights activist and Nobel Peace Prize laureate who called for political reforms and the end of communist single-party rule. He was incarcerated as a political prisoner in Jinzhou, Liaoning. On 26 June 2017, he was granted medical parole after being diagnosed with terminal liver cancer.

Liu served as the President of the Independent Chinese PEN Center, from 2003 to 2007. He was also the president of Minzhu Zhongguo (Democratic China) magazine since the mid-1990s. On 8 December 2008, Liu was detained due to his participation with the Charter 08 manifesto. He was formally arrested on 23 June 2009 on suspicion of "inciting subversion of state power". He was tried on the same charges on 23 December 2009, and sentenced to eleven years' imprisonment and two years' deprivation of political rights on 25 December 2009.

During his fourth prison term, Liu was awarded the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize for "his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China." He was the first Chinese citizen to be awarded a Nobel Prize of any kind while residing in China. Liu is the third person to have been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize while in prison or detention, after Germany's Carl von Ossietzky (1935) and Burma's Aung San Suu Kyi (1991). Liu was also the second person (the first being Ossietzky who died in a Nazi concentration camp) to have been denied the right to have a representative collect the Nobel prize for him and died in custody.

• Spouse: Liu Xia (m. 1996)
• Awards: Nobel Peace Prize
• Books: No Enemies, No Hatred, more
• Children: Liu Tao
• Education: Beijing Normal University (1984), Jilin University (1977–1982)