MGen Anthony Wayne (US Cong)

Maj. Gen. “Mad Anthony” Wayne

• BIRTH 1 Jan 1745 Easttown Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania, USA
• DEATH 15 Dec 1796 (aged 51) Erie, Erie County, Pennsylvania, USA
• BURIAL Garrison Hill Cemetery, Erie, Erie County, Pennsylvania, USA

Old Saint David (Radnor) Episcopal Church Cemetery, Newtown/Wayne, Delaware County, PA

• MEMORIAL ID 1080 Photos by TansyFields

Introduction

Anthony Wayne (January 1, 1745 – December 15, 1796) was a United States Army general and statesman. Wayne adopted a military career at the outset of the American Revolutionary War, where his military exploits and fiery personality quickly earned him a promotion to the rank of brigadier general and the sobriquet of Mad Anthony.

Early life

Wayne was born to Isaac Wayne in Waynesborough, Chester County, Pennsylvania, near present-day Paoli. He was educated as a surveyor at his uncle's private academy in Philadelphia, as well as at the College of Philadelphia (now the University of Pennsylvania), Class of 1765, although he did not earn a degree. He was sent by Benjamin Franklin and some associates to work for a year surveying land they owned in Nova Scotia, after which he returned to work in his father's tannery, while continuing his surveying. He became a leader in Chester County and served in the Pennsylvania legislature in 1774–1780. His son Isaac Wayne, future U.S. Representative from Pennsylvania, was born in 1772.

American Revolution

A statue of General "Mad" Anthony Wayne stands in Fort Wayne's Freimann Square. At the onset of the war in 1775, Wayne raised a militia and, in 1776, became Colonel of the 4th Pennsylvania Regiment. He and his regiment were part of the Continental Army's unsuccessful invasion of Canada where he was sent to aid Benedict Arnold, during which he commanded a successful rear-guard action at the Battle of Trois-Rivières, and then led the distressed forces at Fort Ticonderoga. His service resulted in a promotion to Brigadier General on February 21, 1777.

Later, he commanded the Pennsylvania Line at Brandywine, Paoli, and Germantown. After winter quarters at Valley Forge, he led the American attack at the Battle of Monmouth. During this last battle, Wayne's forces were pinned down by a numerically superior British force. However, Wayne held out until relieved by reinforcements sent by Washington. This scenario would play out again years later, in the Southern campaign.

The highlight of Wayne's Revolutionary War service was probably his victory at Stony Point. On July 15, 1779, in a nighttime, bayonets-only assault lasting thirty minutes, three columns, one personally led by Wayne, overcame British fortifications at Stony Point, a cliffside redoubt commanding the southern Hudson River. The success of this operation provided a boost to the morale of an army which had at that time suffered a series of military defeats. Congress awarded him a medal for the victory.

Subsequent victories at West Point and Green Spring in Virginia, increased his popular reputation as a bold commander. After the British surrendered at Yorktown, he went further south and severed the British alliance with Native American tribes in Georgia. He then negotiated peace treaties with both the Creek and the Cherokee, for which Georgia rewarded him with the gift of a large rice plantation. He was promoted to Major General on October 10, 1783.

Political career

After a post war Statue of Wayne was placed at Valley Forge, Wayne returned to Pennsylvania and served in the state legislature for a year in 1784. He then moved to Georgia and settled upon the tract of land granted him by that state for his military service. He was a delegate to the state convention which ratified the Constitution in 1788. In 1791, he served a year in the Second United States Congress as a U.S. Representative of Georgia but lost his seat during a debate over his residency qualifications and declined running for re-election in 1792.[1]

Frontier General

General Wayne with the Legion of the United States, 1794.President George Washington recalled Wayne from civilian life in order to lead an expedition in the Northwest Indian War, which up to that point had been a disaster for the United States. Many American Indians in the Northwest Territory had sided with the British in the Revolutionary War. In the Treaty of Paris that had ended the conflict, the British had ceded this land to the United States. The Indians, however, had not been consulted, and resisted annexation of the area by the United States. The Western Indian Confederacy achieved major victories over U.S. forces in 1790 and 1791 under the leadership of Blue Jacket of the Shawnees and Little Turtle of the Miamis. They were encouraged and supplied by the British, who had refused to evacuate British fortifications in the region as called for in the Treaty of Paris.

Washington placed Wayne in command of a newly-formed military force called the "Legion of the United States". Wayne established a basic training facility at Legionville to prepare professional soldiers for his force. Wayne's was the first attempt to provide basic training for regular U.S. Army recruits and Legionville was the first facility established expressly for this purpose.

He then dispatched a force to Ohio to establish Fort Recovery as a base of operations. On August 3, a tree fell on Wayne's tent. He survived, but was rendered unconscious. By the next day, he had recovered sufficiently to resume the march.[2] On August 20, 1794, Wayne mounted an assault on the Indian confederacy at the Battle of Fallen Timbers, in modern Maumee, Ohio (just south of present-day Toledo), which was a decisive victory for the U.S. forces, ending the war. Wayne then negotiated the Treaty of Greenville between the tribal confederacy and the United States, which was signed on August 3, 1795. The treaty gave most of what is now Ohio to the United States, and cleared the way for that state to enter the Union in 1803.

His Grave

"Mad" Anthony Wayne statue in Valley Forge National Historical Park. Wayne died of complications from gout during a 1796 return trip to Pennsylvania from a military post in Detroit, and was buried at Fort Presque Isle (now Erie, Pennsylvania) where the modern Wayne Blockhouse stands. His body was disinterred in 1809 and, after boiling the body to remove the remaining flesh, as many of the bones as would fit in two saddlebags were relocated to the family plot in St. David's (Radnor) Episcopal Church cemetery in Radnor, Pennsylvania. A legend says that many bones were lost along the roadway that encompasses much of modern U.S. Route 322, and that every January 1 (Wayne's birthday), his ghost wanders the highway searching for his lost bones.

Legacy

On September 14, 1929 the US Post office issued a stamp honoring General Wayne and which commemorated the 150th anniversary of the Battle of Fallen Timbers. The post office issued a series of stamps often referred to as the 'Two Cent Reds' by collectors, issued to commemorate the 150th Anniversaries of the many events that occurred during the American Revolution and to honor people such as General Wayne and those others who were there during these times of struggle. There are many political jurisdictions and institutions named after Wayne, especially in Ohio, Michigan, and Indiana, the region where he fought many of his battles.

Businesses & Structures
Anthony Wayne Suspension BridgeThe former Anthony Wayne Bank in Fort Wayne Anthony Wayne Barber Shop in Maumee, Ohio Anthony Wayne, a campsite at Woodland Trails Scout Reservation in Camden, Ohio is named after Anthony Wayne. The Anthony Wayne Movie Theater in Wayne, Pennsylvania Anthony Wayne Recreation Area in Harriman State Park, New York AWS, formerly Anthony Wayne Rehabilitation Center for the Handicapped and Blind, Inc. in Fort Wayne, Indiana Anthony Wayne Restaurant, defunct, in Wayne, New Jersey Anthony Wayne Suspension Bridge near downtown Toledo, Ohio Anthony Wayne Terrace Housing Association Baden, Pennsylvania Mad Anthony Brewing Company, in Fort Wayne, Indiana Fort Wayne in Fort Wayne, Indiana Fort Wayne in Detroit, Michigan General Wayne Inn in Merion, Pennsylvania "Mad Anthony's", a local pub in Waterville, Ohio, is named after Anthony Wayne Wayne Corporation defunct school bus manufacturer, originally Wayne Agricultural Works, then Wayne Works Wayne Hospital in Greenville, Ohio Anthony Wayne Hotel in Akron, Ohio, demolished in 1996

Rivers & Forests
The Mad River, a tributary of the Great Miami River, Dayton, Ohio, Wayne National Forest in Ohio

Counties
Wayne County, Illinois Wayne County, Indiana Wayne County, Iowa Wayne County, Kentucky Wayne County, Georgia Wayne County, Michigan Wayne County, Mississippi Wayne County, Missouri Wayne County, Nebraska Wayne County, New York Wayne County, North Carolina Wayne County, Ohio Wayne County, Pennsylvania Wayne County, Tennessee Wayne County, West Virginia

Townships
Wayne Township, Illinois Wayne Township, Allen County, Indiana Wayne Township, Indianapolis, Indiana The former Wayne Township, Montgomery County, Ohio (now the City of Huber Heights) Wayne Township, New Jersey Wayne Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania the former Mad River Township and Mad River Township Local School District (now Riverside, Ohio)

Towns
The Town of Wayne, New York The Town of Wayne, Oklahoma The Town of Waynesville, Missouri The Town of Waynesville, North Carolina The Town of Fort Wayne, Indiana

Villages
The Village of Wayne, Illinois The Village of Waynesfield, Ohio The Village of Waynesville, Illinois The Village of Waynesville, Ohio The Village of Wayne City, Illinois [edit] Popular cultureWayne's legacy has extended to American popular culture in a number of ways.

Cities
The City of Fort Wayne, Indiana The City of Wayne, Michigan The City of Wayne, Nebraska The City of Waynesboro, Georgia The City of Waynesboro, Mississippi The City of Waynesboro, Tennessee The City of Waynesboro, Virginia, Wayne, Pennsylvania The community of Waynedale, Fort Wayne, Indiana, Waynesboro, Pennsylvania is named for him.

Schools
Anthony Wayne Elementary School in Defiance, Ohio Anthony Wayne Elementary School in Franklin, Ohio Anthony Wayne Middle School in Wayne, New Jersey Anthony Wayne School District in Whitehouse, Ohio, whose sports teams are known as the "Fighting Generals." General Wayne Elementary School, in Malvern, Pennsylvania Wayne Community Schools in Corydon, Iowa Wayne County Community College in Detroit, Michigan Wayne Elementary School Erie, Pennsylvania Wayne High School, Huber Heights, Ohio Wayne High School (Oklahoma), Wayne, Oklahoma Wayne High School, Fort Wayne, Indiana Wayne State College, Wayne, Nebraska Wayne State University, Detroit Waynesboro High School in Waynesboro,Virginia Waynesburg University in Waynesburg, Pennsylvania Waynesfield-Goshen Schools, Waynesfield, Ohio

Streets and Highways
Anthony Boulevard, Fort Wayne, Indiana; Anthony Wayne Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio (Anthony) Wayne Avenue, Ticonderoga, New York Anthony Wayne Drive, in Detroit, Michigan; Anthony Wayne Drive, in Baden, Pennsylvania; Anthony Wayne Drive, in Chesterbrook, Pennsylvania; Anthony Wayne Drive, Warminster, Pennsylvania; Anthony Wayne Trail, in Toledo, Ohio; Anthwyn Road, Merion, Pennsylvania (across from the inn); Mad Anthony Street, Cincinnati, Ohio; Mad Anthony Street, Millersburg, Ohio; North Wayne Avenue in Lockland, Ohio; South Wayne Avenue, Fort Wayne, Indiana; South Wayne Avenue in Lockland, Ohio; Southwest Anthony Wayne Drive, Fort Wayne, Indiana; Wayne Avenue, Bronx, New York; Wayne Avenue, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne Avenue, Dayton, Ohio; Wayne Avenue (Rte 112), Stony Point, New York; Wayne Avenue, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Wayne Street, Fort Wayne, Indiana; Wayne Trace, Fort Wayne, Indiana Mad River Road, in Hillsboro, Ohio

Literature and Publications
Wayne is mentioned in Donald Barthelme's novel, The King.

Contrary to the popular belief that Bruce Wayne (the real name of the superhero character Batman) was named after John Wayne, comic book writer Bill Finger named Batman's alter ego after Robert the Bruce and Anthony Wayne. In the DC Comics, Bruce Wayne is depicted as General Wayne's direct descendant. Furthermore, the property on which Wayne Manor is built was given to General Wayne for his service during the Revolution. Rumours that Bruce's middle name is "Anthony" have yet to be confirmed by DC Comics.

In The Catcher in the Rye, Mr. Spencer, one of the teachers at (fictitious) Pencey Prep School, lives across the street from campus on Anthony Wayne Avenue. Anthony Wayne is one of the main characters in Ann Rinaldi's historical novel, A Ride into Morning.

In Tender Is the Night, Dick Diver mentions his descent from Mad Anthony Wayne. [edit] In music "Mad" Anthony Wayne is the namesake of a classic/progressive rock band in Missoula, Montana. Two of the founding members of Mad Anthony are from areas of the midwest where General Wayne had a great influence during his post-revolutionary war career.

Commerce
Mad Anthony Ale (Mad Anthony's APA), an American Pale Ale (APA) brewed by the Erie Brewing Companyin Erie, Pennsylvania

Transportation
The Gen. "Mad" Anthony Wayne, a side-wheel steamboat, sank in April 1850 in Lake Erie while en route from the Toledo, Ohio area to Buffalo, New York. 38 out of 93 passengers and crew on board died. On June 21, 2007, it was announced that the wreck had been discovered by Thomas Kowalczk, an amateur shipwreck hunter.

Major General Anthony Wayne, U.S. Army tugboat based at Southampton, UK [edit] OnscreenActor Marion Robert Morrison was initially given the stage name of Anthony Wayne, after the general, by Raoul Walsh, who directed The Big Trail (1930), but Fox Studios changed it to John Wayne instead, saying 'Anthony' sounded "too Italian". John Wayne was leading man in 142 of his 153 movies, more than any other actor in history. In "Guy Walks Into a Psychiatrist's Office...", the Season Two premiere of The Sopranos, the character of Dr. Jennifer Melfi is shown seeing patients at the "Anthony Wayne Motel" in Wayne, New Jersey while on the lam, in fear for her life.

Sports
The Mad Ants basketball team represents Ft. Wayne, Indiana in the NBA Development League. [1]

Notes

In 1987, artist Mark Cline lobbied the Waynesboro, Virginia city council to erect a 60 ft (18 m) bust of "Mad" Anthony Wayne atop the city's capped landfill.

Parents
Isaac Wayne 1699–1774
Elizabeth Iddings Wayne 1709–1793

Spouse
Mary Penrose Wayne 1746–1793 (m. 1766)

Siblings
Ann Wayne Hayman 1740–1807
Anthony Wayne 1745–1796

Books

• Unlikely General: "Mad" Anthony Wayne and the Battle for America, April 24, 2018, by Mary Stockwell

https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0300214758/ref=ox_sc_act_title_3?...

• General "Mad" Anthony Wayne & The Battle Of Fallen Timbers, December 14, 2010 by Arthur R Bauman

https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1452093717/ref=ox_sc_act_title_4?...

• Tom Bluefoot, Wyandot Scout, General "Mad Anthony" Wayne, and the Battle of Fallen Timbers, January 23, 2015, by Lloyd Harnishfeger

https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1490754245/ref=ox_sc_act_image_2?...

• The Story of General Anthony Wayne (Mad Anthony) the Hero of Stony Point, October 27, 2022,
• by Percy K[eese] 1876- [From Fitzhugh (Creator)

https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1016833806/ref=ox_sc_act_title_1?...

• Mad Anthony Wayne : The Life and Legacy of the Famous Revolutionary War General, February, 2020, by Charles River Editors

https://www.walmart.com/ip/seort/700390025

• The story of General Anthony Wayne (Mad Anthony) the hero of Stony Point 1906

https://www.walmart.com/ip/seort/651759005

• The Story of General Anthony Wayne (Mad Anthony) the Hero of Stony Point by Percy K[eese] 1876- Fitzhugh

https://www.betterworldbooks.com/product/detail/9781371779320?shipt...

References

[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Anthony_Wayne

[2] https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/1080/anthony-wayne
Revolutionary War General. Born in the township of Easttown, Chester County, Pennsylvania to Isaac Wayne; he received a private education and was trained as a surveyor. In 1765, in the employ of Benjamin Franklin, he traveled to Nova Scotia, Canada to survey the land and catalogue the natural resources there. After the outbreak of war in 1775, Wayne raised a regiment, the 4th Pennsylvania, and was made its Colonel in 1776. He was wounded at the Battle of Three Rivers earning accolades which led to his promotion to brigadier general in February 1777. His command at the Battle of Brandywine, September 1777, suffered more casualties than any other American unit, Wayne requested his own court martial as a result. The Court of Inquiry unanimously found him not guilty of misconduct, and he was acquitted with the highest honor. He received General Washington's commendation at the Battle of Monmouth in 1778, and was again wounded in action at Stony Point in 1779, still earning a victory which led to Congressional resolutions praising Wayne's command as well as a gold medal commemorative for his gallant service. He was ordered south by Washington in February 1781, and contributed to the British defeat at Yorktown, Virginia. He was promoted to major general in October 1783. After the war, he returned to Pennsylvania, and served in the state legislature for 1784. President Washington nominated Wayne as Commander-in-Chief of the Army, which was approved by the U.S. Senate and accepted by Wayne in April 1792. It was in this capacity that in 1794, he won a decisive victory at the Battle of Fallen Timbers; the following year he negotiated the Treaty of Greenville opening the Northwest Territory to settlers. Wayne then rendered service in quelling filibustering expeditions from Kentucky against the Spanish dominions, and also took the lead in occupying the lake posts delivered up by the British, during which service he died most probably due to complications from gout at Fort Presque Isle in present day Erie, Pennsylvania in 1796, and was interred there. In 1809, his son, Colonel Isaac Wayne, ordered that his father's remains be disinterred and moved. Those carrying out the orders had the body boiled to remove the remaining flesh. The bones were relocated to the family plot in Pennsylvania, the boiled soft tissue was returned to the Erie grave, now located where the present day Wayne Blockhouse stands. Counties in thirteen states, numerous towns, streets, and schools have been named in his honor. by: Iola

[3] DAR# A123004