Ma. Leoncia Natividad Luz Katigbak

Photo from The Commercial & Industrial Manual of the Philippines 1940-1941 (p. 433): https://books.google.com/books?id=wxciAQAAMAAJ&vq=miguel%20castillo%201896&pg=PA433#v=snippet&q=miguel%20castillo%201896&f=false Original file: https://ibb.co/ngH8YdS or https://imgbox.com/YsyHWPJc or https://pixhost.to/show/74/401430120_miguel-recto-castillo.jpg Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Miguel_Recto_Castillo.jpg#%7B%7Bint%3Afiledesc%7D%7D This work was first published in the Philippines and is now in the public domain because its copyright protection has expired by virtue of the Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines. The work meets one of the following criteria: It is an anonymous or pseudonymous work and 50 years have passed since the year of its publication It is an audiovisual or photographic work and 50 years have passed since the year of its publication It is a work of applied art and 25 years have passed since the year of its publication It is another kind of work, and 50 years have passed since the year of death of the author (or last-surviving author) Important note: Works of foreign (non-U.S.) origin must be out of copyright or freely licensed in both their home country and the United States in order to be accepted on Commons. Works of Philippine origin that have entered the public domain in the U.S. due to certain circumstances (such as publication in noncompliance with U.S. copyright formalities) may have had their U.S. copyright restored under the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (URAA) if the work was under copyright in its country of origin on the date that the URAA took effect in that country. (For the Philippines, the URAA took effect on January 1, 1996.) This work is in the public domain because it was published in the United States between 1928 and 1963, and although there may or may not have been a copyright notice, the copyright was not renewed. For further explanation, see Commons:Hirtle chart and the copyright renewal logs. Note that it may still be copyrighted in jurisdictions that do not apply the rule of the shorter term for US works (depending on the date of the author's death), such as Canada (50 years p.m.a.), Mainland China (50 years p.m.a., not Hong Kong or Macao), Germany (70 years p.m.a.), Mexico (100 years p.m.a.), Switzerland (70 years p.m.a.), and other countries with individual treaties.