Maria von Habsburg de Hungría, Königin

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Mary of Austria, Queen of Hungary

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Mary of Austria

Queen consort of Hungary and Bohemia

Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands

Tenure 1522 -1526

Spouse Louis II of Hungary

House House of Jagiellon

House of Habsburg

Father Philip I of Castile

Mother Joanna of Castile

Born 18 September 1505

Died 18 October 1558 (aged 52)

Mary of Habsburg, also named Mary, Maria, or Marie of Hungary, of Austria, of Castile, or of Burgundy (18 September 1505 – 18 October 1558) was the Queen consort of Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia[1], and later governor of the Netherlands for her brother, Emperor Charles V.

Contents

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   * 1 Origins

* 2 Queen of Hungary
* 3 Governor in the Netherlands
* 4 Ancestry
* 5 References
[edit] Origins

She was born in Brussels to Philip I of Castile ("the Handsome") and Joanna "The Mad" of Castile. Her paternal grandparents were Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, and Mary, Duchess of Burgundy. Her maternal grandparents were King Ferdinand II of Aragon and Queen Isabella I of Castile.

Maria was a younger sister of Eleanor of Habsburg, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, Isabella of Habsburg and Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor. She was an older sister of Catherine of Habsburg.

[edit] Queen of Hungary

Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia, the 20-year-old king, who died at the Battle of Mohács.

Before Maria closed her first year of life, she was promised as a wife to the first son to be born to Ladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary and his fourth wife Anne de Foix. This son was born in 1506 and was to become Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia.

They were married on 13 January 1522 in Buda. Their joint portrait still exists. Both his robes and her alleged wedding dress are on display at the National Museum of Hungary.

Maria served as Queen consort of Hungary and Bohemia for four years and seven months. On 29 August 1526, Louis was killed in the Battle of Mohács while leading his forces against Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Empire. They were childless. The joined crowns of Hungary and Bohemia passed to her brother Ferdinand.

It was an arranged marriage, but it became a happy one. After the death of Louis she continuously mourned him till her death. After the battle of Mohács, Nicolaus Olahus, secretary of Louis, attached himself to the party of King Ferdinand I, but retained his position with the queen-dowager. She rejected every marriage proposal and always wore the heart-shaped medallion that was worn by her husband in the fatal battle of Mohács.

The Punishment of Tityus painted by Titian for Maria's château de Binche, 1548-49 (Prado)

[edit] Governor in the Netherlands

the old Queen

Maria would not marry again. Her chance at personal rule came four years later. Her paternal aunt Margaret of Austria died on 1 December 1530, leaving the position of Governor of the Seventeen Provinces vacant. Her brother Charles established Maria as Margaret's successor in the Netherlands. She remained on the post until 1555. Charles gave her the castle of Binche south of Brussels, as a reward for her devoted service. She rebuilt it in conscious emulation of Fontainebleau; it was destroyed by Henry II of France's troops in 1554, but two of Titian's four paintings on the theme of punishments of rebels, commissioned in 1548 for Binche, are conserved at the Prado (illustration). She was succeeded as Governor by Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy.

She died in Cigales. In her last will she requested that her heart-shaped gold medallion, once worn by her husband, be melted down and distributed among the poor.

Mary was a keen collector art, and owned several important masterpieces of Early Netherlandish painting as well as more contemporary works. These included the Deposition of Christ by Rogier van der Weyden, now Prado, and the Arnolfini Portrait by Jan van Eyck, now National Gallery, London. Most of the collection passed to the Spanish Royal Collection after her death.

Queen Mary of Hungary was also a great patron of music. She supported both sacred and secular music at her court in the Netherlands, where her maître de chappelle was Benedictus Appenzeller. Several elaborate music manuscripts that she commissioned during her reign are preserved today in Spain in the monastery of Montserrat.

[edit] Ancestry

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Ancestors of Mary of Austria, Queen of Hungary

16. Ernest, Duke of Austria

8. Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor

17. Cymburgis of Masovia

4. Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor

18. Edward of Portugal

9. Eleanor of Portugal

19. Leonor of Aragon

2. Philip I of Castile

20. Philip, Duke of Burgundy

10. Charles, Duke of Burgundy

21. Isabella of Portugal

5. Mary, Duchess of Burgundy

22. Charles I, Duke of Bourbon

11. Isabella of Bourbon

23. Agnes of Burgundy

1. Mary of Austria

24. Ferdinand I of Aragon

12. John II of Aragon

25. Eleanor of Alburquerque

6. Ferdinand II of Aragon

26. Frederick Enríquez, Count of Melgar

13. Juana Enriquez

27. Merina de Cordova

3. Joanna I of Castile

28. Henry III of Castile

14. John II of Castile

29. Katherine of Lancaster

7. Isabella I of Castile

30. Infante João, Lord of Reguengos

15. Isabella of Portugal

31. Isabella of Braganza

Mary of Austria, Queen of Hungary

House of Habsburg

Born: 18 September 1505 Died: 18 October 1558

Royal titles

Preceded by

Anna of Foix-Candale Queen consort of Bohemia

1522–1526 Succeeded by

Anna of Bohemia and Hungary

Queen consort of Hungary

1522–1526

Political offices

Preceded by

Margaret of Habsburg Governors of the Habsburg Netherlands

1530–1555 Succeeded by

Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy

[edit] References

  1. ^ http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/348775/Louis-II

* Glenda Goss Thompson. Benedictus Appenzeller: Maître de la Chappelle to Mary of Hungary and Chansonnier. 2 vols. Ph.D. diss., Univ. of North Carolina, 1975.
* Glenda Goss Thompson. “Mary of Hungary and Music Patronage.” Sixteenth Century Journal 15 (1984): 401–18.
* Glenda Goss Thompson. “Music in the Court Records of Mary of Hungary.” Tijdschrift van de Vereniging voor Nederlandse Muziekgeschiedenis 34 (1984): 132–73.
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Infantas of Aragon

1st Generation

Sancha, Countess of Urgell · Infanta Urraca · Teresa, Countess of Provence

2nd Generation

none

3rd Generation

Infanta Isabella · Petronila

4th Generation

Dulce, Queen of Portugal

5th Generation

Constance, Holy Roman Empress · Eleanor, Countess of Toulouse · Infanta Dulce

6th Generation

Infanta Sancha

7th Generation

Violant, Queen of Castile · Constance, Infanta Juan Manuel of Castile · Infanta Sancha · Isabella, Queen of France · Infanta Maria · Infanta Eleanor

8th Generation

Elizabeth, Queen of Portugal · Yolanda, Duchess of Calabria · Sancha, Queen of Naples* · Infanta Isabella* · Infanta Blanca of Ayerbe · Teresa, Lady of Fraga

9th Generation

Maria, Infanta Peter of Castile · Constance, Duchess of Peñafiel · Isabella, Duchess of Austria · Infanta Blanca · Violante, Lady of Segorbe · Constance, Princess of Antioch** · Elisabeth, Duchess of Bavaria** · Infanta Catherine** · Margaret, Countess Palatine of the Rhine** · Beatrice, Lady of Marchena · Maria, Countess of Ampurias · Infanta Teresa of Jérica · Infanta Constanza of Ayerbe · Maria, Laby of Ayerbe

10th Generation

Constance, Queen of Majorca · Infanta Isabella · Eleanor, Queen of Cyprus · Juana, Infanta Fernando Manuel of Castile · Blanca, Countess of Cardona · Eleanor, Queen of Aragon** · Beatrice, Countess Palatine of the Rhine** · Infanta Constance** · Infanta Euphemia** · Infanta Violante** · Blanca, Countess of Ampurias** · Eleonor, Countess of Caltabellotta** · Infanta Constance** · Isabella, Marchioness of Montferrat* · Infanta Esclaramunda* · Alice, Countess of Ibelin* · Beatrice, Lady of Cocentaina · Ventura, Viscountess of Illa and Canet · Elsa, Lady of Almonacid · Juana, Countess of Carrión

11th Generation

Constance, Queen of Sicily · Joanna, Countess of Ampurias · Infanta Maria · Infanta Beatrice · Eleanor, Queen of Castile · Isabella, Countess of Urgell · Isabella, Countess of Cardona · Infanta Blanca of Ribagorza · Joanna, Countess of Cardona · Violante, Countess of Prades · Infanta Joanna of Prades · Infanta Constance of Prades · Infanta Eleanor of Prades · Timbor, Viscountess of Cabrera · Infanta Eleanor of Ampurias · Mary of Sicily**

12th Generation

Joanna, Countess of Foix · Yolande, Duchess of Anjou · Infanta Eleanor · Infanta Antonia · Infanta Margaret · Infanta Beatrice of Urgell · Infanta Eleanor of Urgell · Cecilia, Countess of Modica · Infanta Isabella of Urgell · Infanta Eleanor of Prades · Infanta Isabella of Prades · Joanna, Countess of Prades · Margarida, Queen of Aragon · Infanta Timbor of Prades

13th Generation

Isabella of Urgell, Duchess of Coimbra · Eleanor, Princess of Salerno · Joanna, Countess of Cardona · Infanta Catherine of Urgell

14th Generation

Maria, Queen of Castile · Eleanor, Queen of Portugal

15th Generation

Blanche II of Navarre · Infanta Maria · Eleanor of Navarre · Joanna, Queen of Naples

16th Generation

Isabella, Queen of Portugal · Joanna · Maria, Queen of Portugal · Catherine, Queen of England

17th Generation

Eleanor, Queen of France · Isabella, Queen of Denmark-Norway · Mary, Queen of Hungary · Catherine, Queen of Portugal

• also a princess of Majorca
  • also a princess of Sicily

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Austrian archduchesses by birth

This page was last modified on 10 May 2010 at 12:35