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About Maud (Cromwell) Stanhope
- Maud Cromwell1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
- F, #47697, d. before 1456
- Father Sir Ralph Cromwell, 2nd Lord Cromwell, Constable of Castle Rising9,10,2,11,4,5,6,7,8 b. bt 1358 - 1368, d. c 2 May 1417
- Mother Joan Grey9,11
- Maud Cromwell married Sir Richard Stanhope, Sheriff of Derbyshire & Nottinghamshire, son of Sir John Stanhope, Mayor of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Elizabeth Maulovel; 2nd marriage for him. They had 1 son (Henry) and 2 daughters (Maud, wife of Sir Robert, 6th Lord Willoughby, of Sir Thomas Neville, & of Sir Gervase Clifton; & Joan, wife of Sir Humphrey Bourgchier, Lord Cromwell, & of Sir Robert Radcliffe).1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 Maud Cromwell died before 1456 at England.1
- Family Sir Richard Stanhope, Sheriff of Derbyshire & Nottinghamshire d. 9 Apr 1436
- Children
- Maud Stanhope12,10,2,3,4,5,6,7 d. 30 Aug 1497
- Joan Stanhope13,8 d. 10 Mar 1490
- Citations
- [S11568] The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom, by George Edward Cokayne, Vol. III, p. 553, notes.
- [S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. I, p. 512.
- [S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. I, p. 572.
- [S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. IV, p. 335.
- [S6] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: 2nd Edition, Vol. I, p. 655-656.
- [S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. III, p. 290.
- [S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. V, p. 362.
- [S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. V, p. 451.
- [S11568] The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom, by George Edward Cokayne, Vol. III, p. 552.
- [S5] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, p. 272.
- [S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. I, p. 570-571.
- [S11568] The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom, by George Edward Cokayne, Vol. XII/2, p. 665.
- [S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. IV, p. 403.
- From: http://our-royal-titled-noble-and-commoner-ancestors.com/p1587.htm#... _______________________
- Maud de Cromwell1
- F, #147180
- Last Edited=20 Feb 2011
- Maud de Cromwell is the daughter of Ralph de Cromwell, 2nd Lord Cromwell and Joan (?).2 She married Sir Richard Stanhope, son of Sir John Stanhope.3
- Her married name became Stanhope.1
- Children of Maud de Cromwell and Sir Richard Stanhope
- Maud Stanhope2 d. 30 Aug 1497
- Joan Stanhope4 d. 10 Mar 1490
- Citations
- [S37] BP2003 volume 1, page 983. See link for full details for this source. Hereinafter cited as. [S37]
- [S37] BP2003. [S37]
- [S21] L. G. Pine, The New Extinct Peerage 1884-1971: Containing Extinct, Abeyant, Dormant and Suspended Peerages With Genealogies and Arms (London, U.K.: Heraldry Today, 1972), page 65. Hereinafter cited as The New Extinct Peerage.
- [S6] G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume II, page 251. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage.
- From: http://www.thepeerage.com/p14718.htm#i147180 ________________________
- (ACCORDING TO OTHER REFERENCES THIS BIO. HAS CONFUSED 2 GENERATIONS TOGETHER, MAUD CROMWELL DAU. OF MAUD (BERNAKE) IS LISTED AS MARRIED TO WILLIAM FITZWILLIAM, WHILE MAUD CROMWELL DAU. OF JOAN (GREY) WAS MARRIED TO RICHARD STANHOPE)
- Maud CROMWELL
- Born: AFT 20 Jun 1366
- Died: AFT 1418, Tattershall, Lincolnshire, England
- Father: Ralph CROMWELL (Sir)
- Mother: Maud BERNAKE
- Married: William FITZWILLIAM (Sir) 1371
- Children:
- 1. Jane FITZWILLIAM
- 2. John FITZWILLIAM (Sir Knight)
- 3. Ralph FITZWILLIAM
- 4. Elizabeth FITZWILLIAM
- Married 2: Richard STANHOPE (Sir)
- Children:
- 5. Maud STANHOPE (B. Willoughby) (d. 30 Aug 1497)
- Married 3: Henry SOOTHILL (w. of Joan Fitzwilliam)
- Children:
- 6. Gerard SOOTHILL (Esq.)
- From: http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/CROMWELL.htm#Maud CROMWELL1 ____________________
- Ralph de Cromwell, 3rd Baron Cromwell (c. 1393 – 4 January 1456) was an English politician and diplomat. A Privy Councillor from 1422, he served as Treasurer of England (1433–1443) and twice as Chamberlain of the Household (1425–1432 and 1450–1455) during the reign of Henry VI.
- .... etc.
- Cromwell was the son of Ralph de Cromwell, 2nd Baron Cromwell and his wife Joan.
- He married, before 1433, Margaret, daughter and co-heir of John Deincourt, 12th Baron Deincourt. She died in 1454 and they were childless. The barony on Cromwell's death fell into abeyance between his two nieces, daughters of his only sister Maud, who was second wife of Sir Richard Stanhope. The elder was Maud, who married firstly Robert Willoughby, 6th Baron Willoughby de Eresby; secondly Sir Thomas Neville, son of Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury; and thirdly Sir Gervase Clifton. The younger sister was Joan, who married firstly Sir Humphrey Bourchier, son of Henry Bourchier, 1st Earl of Essex, who was summoned to parliament from 1461 to 1471 as Lord Cromwell or Lord Bourchier de Cromwell; and secondly Sir Robert Radcliffe of Hunstanton. Following Joan's death in 1490, Maud became the sole heir and succeeded to the barony.[1][5] Tattershall Castle was inherited by Joan, but was confiscated by the crown following the death of her husband.[4]
- From: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_de_Cromwell,_3rd_Baron_Cromwell _____________________
- Robert Willoughby, 6th Baron Willoughby de Eresby, KG (c.1385 – 25 July 1452) was an English baron and soldier in the Hundred Years' War.
- Robert Willoughby was the son of William Willoughby, 5th Baron Willoughby de Eresby, and his first wife, Lucy le Strange, daughter of Roger le Strange, 5th Baron Strange of Knockin (Shropshire), by Aline, daughter of Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel. He had a younger brother and three sisters:[1]
- .... etc.
- Willoughby married firstly, before 21 February 1421, Elizabeth Montagu, daughter of John Montagu, 3rd Earl of Salisbury, by whom he had an only daughter, Joan Willoughby, who married Richard de Welles, 7th Baron Welles.[15]
- He married secondly, before 8 January 1449, Maud Stanhope, daughter of Sir Richard Stanhope of Rampton, Nottinghamshire, by his second wife, Maud Cromwell, daughter of Ralph Cromwell, 2nd Baron Cromwell, but had no issue by her. His widow married secondly, Thomas Neville, second son of Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury, slain 30 December 1460 at the Battle of Wakefield, and thirdly, Sir Gervase Clifton, beheaded 6 May 1471 after the Battle of Tewkesbury. Lady Maud alleged that Sir Gervase Clifton had 'wasted and destroyed' more than £1000 worth of jewels, plate and household goods which she brought to the marriage. She died 30 August 1497, and was buried at the Collegiate Church at Tattershall, Lincolnshire.[16]
- From: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Willoughby,_6th_Baron_Willough... ______________
- RICHARD Neville, son of RALPH Neville Earl of Westmoreland & his second wife Joan Beaufort (1400-killed in battle Wakefield 30 Dec 1460, bur Bisham). A mid-15th century manuscript names "Johannam minorissam, Ricardum, Katherinam ducissam Norfolchie, Henricum mortuum, Thomam dominum de Seymour, Cuthbertum mortuum, Alienoram uxorem comitis Northumbrie, Robertum episcopum Dunelmie, Willelmum dominum de Fauconberge, Annam comitssam Staffordie, Johannem mortuum, Georgium dominum de Latymer, Ceciliam ducissam Eboraci, Edwardum dominum de Bergeny" as the children of "Radulphus dominus de Neuill et comes Westmorlandie" and his wife "Johanna filia Johannis ducis Lancastrie uxor secunda"[1607]. He was allowed the title Earl of Salisbury from 1428. m (Feb 1421 or before) ALICE de Montagu, daughter of THOMAS de Montagu Earl of Salisbury & his first wife Eleanor de Holand of Kent (-[3 Apr/9 Dec] 1462). A mid-15th century manuscript records that "Ricardum Neuille comitem Sarum" married "Alesia comitissa Sarum et heres"[1608]. She succeeded her father in 1428 as Ctss of Salisbury.
- Richard & his wife had twelve children:
- 4. Sir THOMAS (-killed in battle Wakefield 30 Dec 1460). m (licence 1 May 1453, Tattershall, Lincolnshire Aug 1453) as her second husband, MATILDA Stanhope, widow of ROBERT Lord Willoughby de Eresby, daughter of Sir RICHARD Stanhope of Rampton, Nottinghamshire & his second wife Matilda Cromwell (-30 Aug 1497, bur Tattershall, Collegiate Church). She married thirdly (before 20 Mar 1463) Sir Gervase Clifton.
- From: http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLISH%20NOBILITY%20MEDIEVAL1.htm _____________
- Sir Gervase Clifton (died 6 May 1471) of Clifton, Nottinghamshire and London was a 15th-century English knight and landowner. He was beheaded after the Battle of Tewkesbury.
- .... etc.
- Clifton married secondly, before 20 March 1463, Maud Stanhope, widow firstly of Robert Willoughby, 6th Baron Willoughby de Eresby (d. 25 July 1452), and secondly of Sir Thomas Neville (d. 30 December 1460), second son of Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury, slain 30 December 1460 at the Battle of Wakefield. Maud Stanhope was the daughter of Sir Richard Stanhope (d. 1436) of Rampton, Nottinghamshire by his second wife, Maud Cromwell (d. 30 August 1497), daughter of Ralph Cromwell, 2nd Baron Cromwell (died c. 2 May 1417). Maud Stanhope was the niece and coheiress of Ralph de Cromwell, 3rd Baron Cromwell (d. 4 January 1456), and the heiress of her sister, Joan Stanhope (d. 10 March 1490), who had married firstly Sir Humphrey Bourchier, slain at the Battle of Barnet on 14 April 1471, and secondly Sir Robert Radcliffe of Hunstanton, Norfolk. There were no issue of Clifton's second marriage, and after his death his widow, Maud Stanhope, alleged that he had 'wasted and destroyed' more than £1000 worth of jewels, plate and household goods which she brought to the marriage. She died 30 August 1497, and was buried in the Collegiate Church at Tattershall, Lincolnshire.;[8][9][10][11] [12]
- From: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gervase_Clifton_(died_1471) ____________________________
- Magna Carta ancestry: a study in colonial and medieval families By Douglas Richardson, Kimball G. Everingham
- https://books.google.com/books?id=wHZcIRMhSEMC&pg=PA221&lpg=PA221&d...
- Pg. 221
- 10. GERVASE CLIFTON, Knt., of Clifton, Nottinghamshire, and London, and, in right of his 1st wife, of Brabourne, Kent, and in right of his 2nd wife, of Eresby, Lincolnshire, Sheriff of Kent, 1439, 1450, 1458, Mayor of Canterbury, 1450, Treasurer of Calais, Captain of Pontoise, younger son, born say 1405. He married (1st) ISABEL HERBERT (alias FINCHE), widow of William Scott, Esq., of Brabourne, Kent (died 5 Feb. 1433), and daughter of Vincent Herbert (alias Finche), Esq., of Netherfield, Sussex, by Isabel, daughter and co-heiress of Robert Cralle, of Cralle (in Warblngton), Sussex. They had two daughters, Isabel (wife of John Jernegan, Esq.) and Joan. His wife, Isabel, died in or about Nov. 1457. He married (2nd) before 20 March 1462/3 MAUD STANHOPE, widow successively of Robert Willoughby, K.G., 6th Lord Willoughby of Eresby (died 25 July 1452), and Thomas Neville, Knt. (died 30 Dec. 1460), and eldest daughter of Richard Stanhope, Knt., of Rampton, Nottinghamshire, by his 2nd wife, Maud, daughter of Ralph Cromwell, 2nd Lord Cromwell. They had no issue. SIR GERVASE CLIFTON was beheaded after the Battle of Tewkesbury 6 May 1471, and was buried at Brabourne, Kent. She was heiress in 1490 to her sister, Joan Stanhope, wife successively of Humphrey Bourchier, Knt. [Lord Cromwell] and Robert Radclyffe, Knt. His widow, Maud, died 30 August 1497, and was buried in the Collegiate Church at Tattershall, Lincolnshire. . . . .
- Child of Gervase Clifton, Knt, by Isabel Herbert (alias Finche):
- .... etc. ______________
- Child of Gervase Clifton, Knt, by Isabel Herbert (alias Finche):
- Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 2nd Edition ...
- https://books.google.com/books?id=8JcbV309c5UC&printsec=frontcover&...
- Pg.512
- 10. GERVASE CLIFTON, Knt., of Clifton, Nottinghamshire, and London, Sheriff of Kent, 1439-40, 1450-1, 1458-9, Mayor of Canterbury, Kent, 1450, Treasurer of Calais, Captain of Pontoise, and, in right of his 1st wife, of Brabourne, Kent, and in right of his 2nd wife, of Quinton, Gloucester, Eresby, Lincolnshire, etc., younger son. He married (1st) ISABEL HERBERT (alias FINCHE), widow of William Scott, Esq., of Brabourne, Kent (died 5 Feb. 1434), and daughter of Vincent Herbert (alias Finche), Esq., of Netherfield, Sussex, by Isabel, daughter and co-heiress of Robert Cralle, of Cralle. They had two daughters, Isabel (wife of John Jernegan, Esq.) and Joan. His wife, Isabel, died in or about Nov. 1457. In 1458 he owed a debt of £700 to Richard Welby, Gent., and Simon Dawdeley, Citizen and mercer of London. The same year he and Thomas Fitz, Citizen and skinner of London owed a debt of £240 to John Lambord, Citizen and mercer of London. He married (2nd) before 20 March 1462/3 MAUD STANHOPE, widow successively of Robert Willoughby, K.G., 6th Lord Willoughby of Eresby (died 25 July 1452), and Thomas Neville, Knt. (died 30 Dec. 1460), and daughter of Richard Stanhope, Knt., of Rampton, Nottinghamshire, by his 2nd wife, Maud, daughter of Ralph Cromwell, Knt., 2nd Lord Cromwell [see CROMWELL i.ib for her ancestry]. They had no issue. She was co-heiress in 1455 to her uncle, Ralph Cromwell, Knt., 3rd Lord Cromwell. In 1463 he owed a debt of £200 to Hugh Wyche, Alderman, Citizen, and mercer of London, and John Brown, Gent. SIR GERVASE CLIFTON was beheaded after the Battle of Tewkesbury 6 May 1471, and was buried at Brabourne, Kent. His widow, Maud, was sole heiress in 1490 to her sister, Joan Stanhope [see YORK 11.i.b], wife successively of Humphrey Bourchier, Knt. [Lord Cromwell] and Robert Radclyffe, Knt. Maud died 30 August 1497, and was buried in the Collegiate Church at Tattershall, Lincolnshire. ....
- Pg.513
- Child of Gervase Clifton, Knt, by Isabel Herbert (alias Finche):
- i. JOAN CLIFTON, married JOHN DIGGES, Esq., of Diggs Court (in Barham), Kent [see DIGGES 10].
- Pg.569 UNAVAILABLE FOR VIEWING
- Pg.570
- Prior and convent of Kirby-on-Wreak, Nottinghamshire. They also had license to grant messuages, land, and rent in Kirby Bellars, Leicester, Stapleford, Wymondham, Leesthorpe, Buckminster, Sewstern, Market Harborough, and Ab-Kettleby, Leicestershire to the Prior and convent of Kirby Bellars, the said Ralph retaining land in Buckminster and Sewstern, Leicestershire. His wife, Maud, was co-heiress in 1394 to her cousin, Mary Percy, wife of John Roos, 5th Lord Roos of Helmsley, by which she inherited the manor and advowson of Candlesby, Lincolnshire. In 1394 he and his wife, Maud, obtained a papal indult to celebrate mass before daybreak. SIR RALPH DE CROMWELL, 1st Lord Cromwell, died 27 Aug. 1398. His widow, Maud, died 10 Aprile 1419. She left a will dated 14 Sept. 1416, codicil dated 1 Jan. 1417.
- .... etc.
- Children of Maud de Bernake, by Ralph de Cromwell, Knt.:
- i. RALPH CROMWELL, Knt., 2nd Lord Cromwell, of Cromwell, Basford, Bleasby, Hucknall Torkard, and Lambley, Nottinghamshire, and West Hallam, Derbyshire, Constable of Castle Rising, Norfolk, 1404-17, son and heir, born about 1358-68 (aged 30 & more in 1398). He married (1st) before 30 May 1372 (date of fine) ELIZABETH ____ . They had no issue. He married (2nd) about 29 Sept. 1387 (by contract dated 3 July 1387) JOAN GRAY, widow of John Heron, Knt., and daughter of Thomas Gray, Knt., of Heaton (in Norham), Doddington, etc., Northumberland, by Margaret, daughter and heiress of William de Presfen (or Pressen). They
- Pg.571
- had one son, Ralph, Knt. [3rd Lord Cromwell], and two daughters, Maud and Juliane (wife of John Culpeper, Knt., John Braunspath, Knt., and Robert Fenne, Esq.). He was summoned to Parliament from 19 Aug. 1399 to 3 Sept. 1417, by writs directed Radulfo de Comwell'. In 1399-1400 he had license to grant land in Skirbeck, Lincolnshire to the Prior and Carmelite friars of Boston, he retaining land in Boston and Skirbeck, Lincolnshire. In 1400 he sued William Neweport, Knt., for the manor of Curborough, Staffordshire. In 1407 he presented to the perpetual chantry of Lambley, Nottinghamshire. SIR RALPH CROMWELL, 2nd Lord Cromwell, died shortly before 2 May 1417. His widow, Joan, left a will dated 26 July 1434, prove 10 Aug. 1434. He and his wife were buried in the church at Lambley, Nottinghamshire. .... etc.
- Children of Ralph Cromwell, Knt., by Joan Gray:
- a. RALPH CROMWELL, Knt., 3rd Lord Cromwell, Privy Councillor, Captain of Harfleur, Constable of Rising Castle, 1431, King's Chamberlain, Lord High Treasurer, 1433-43, Master of the King's Mews and Falcons, 1436, Constable of Nottingham Castle and Warden of Sherwood Forest, 1445, son and heir, born Jan. 1393. As a young man, he fought at the Battle of Agincourt in 1415. He became a trusted captain in 1417, and was present at the successful assault that year on Caen and on other major towns in Normandy. He acted as lieutenant for Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence, in 1418, and then as a member of the king's general staff, he helped to negotiate the Treaty of Troyes which marked the zenich of English power in France. He was summoned to Parliament from 29 Sept. 1422 to 26 May 1455. In 1422 he was one of four knights appointed to help the thirteen great lords of the Council to rule England during Henry VI's minority. He married before 3 Nov. 1423 MARGARET DEINCOURT, daughter of John Deincourt, Knt., 5th Lord Deincourt, by Joan, daughter of Robert Grey, Knt., 4th Lord Grey of Rotherfield [see ODDINGSELES 6.v.a for her ancestry]. She was born 21 Sept. 1405. They had no issue. His wife, Margaret, was co-heiress in 1422 to her brother, William Deincourt, 6th Lord Deincourt. He presented to the churches of Whitwell, Derbyshire, 1429, and Lambley, Nottinghamshire, 1446. In 1430 John Gra, Knt. owed him a debt of £1000. In 1432 he was dismissed from the Council and the office of king's chamberlain, but was restored to power upon Bedford's return to England in 1422. In 1440 he founded a college of chantry priest and almshouse at Tattershall, Lincolnshire. In 1453 he was suspected of complicity in a Yorkist Rising; he was examined by the Star Chamber and cleared himself. His wife, Margaret, died 15 Sept. 1454. In 1454-5 he had license to grant the manor of Woodthorpe, Maltby, and Cherry Willingham, and a messuage, land, and rent in Waddington, Washingborough, Haydor, and Birton, Lincolnshire to the Master and chaplains of the almshouse of Tattershall, retaining the manor of Burwell, Lincolnshire. SIR RALPH CROMWELL, 3rd Lord Cromwell, died at Wingfield, Derbyshire 4 Jan. 1455/6. He left a will date3d 18 Dec. 1451, proved 19 Feb. 1455/6. He and his wife were buried in Tattershall Collegiate Church, Lincolnshire. At his deaath, all of his chattels and moveables were sold to provide for the endowment of Tattershall College and the rebuilding of the church of Lambley, Nottinghamshire. .... etc.
- Pg.572
- b. MAUD CROMWELL, married (as his 2nd wife) RICHARD STANHOPE, Knt., of Rampton, Nottinghamshire. They had one son, Henry, and two daughters, Maud and Joan (wife of Humphrey Bourchier, Lord Cromwell and Robert Radclyffe, Knt.). SIR RICHARD STANHOPE died in 1436. .... etc.
- Children of Maud Cromwell, by Richard Stanhope, Knt.:
- 1) MAUD STANHOPE, married (1st) ROBERT WILLOUGHBY, K.G., 6th Lord Willoughby of Eresby [see WILLOUGHBY 8.i]; (2nd) THOMAS NEVILLE, Knt. [see WILLOUGHBY 8.i]; (3rd) GERVASE CLIFTON, Knt. [see CLIFTON 10].
- 2) JOAN STANHOPE, married (1st) HUMPHREY BOURGCHIER, Knt., Lord Cromwell [see YORK 11.i.b]; (2nd) ROBERT RADCLIFFE, Knt. [see YORK 11.i.b].
- ii. WILLIAM CROMWELL, Knt., .... etc. _______________________
- The dictionary of national biography : .... Supplement Vol. II.
- https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofnati02leesuoft
- https://archive.org/stream/dictionaryofnati02leesuoft#page/90/mode/1up
- CROMWELL, RALPH, fourth Baron Cromwell (1394?-1456), lord treasurer of England, is said (G. E. C[OKEYNE], Complete Peerage, ii. 430) to have been born about 1403, but as he is described as twenty-six years of age in 1420 (Inq. post mortem, 7 Henry V, No. 72) and was a member of the council in 1422, he can hardly have been born later than 1394. The mistake, repeated by all the peerages, arose from Dugdale's misreading of the above inquisition. His grandfather, Ralph de Cromwell, second baron (d. 1398), whose exact relationship to John de Cromwell (d. 1365?), styled first baron, is uncertain, married Maud, daughter of John Bernake of Tattershall, Lincolnshire, thereby acquiring considerable property in that county, and was summoned to parliament as a baron from 28 Dec. 1375 to 6 Nov. 1397. He died on 27 Aug. 1398, leaving by his widow (d. 10 April 1419) one son, Ralph, third baron (1368-1417), who by his wife Joanna was father of the subject of this article.
- Cromwell first appears as serving in Henry V's retinue at the battle of Agincourt on 15 Oct. 1415 (NICOLAS, Agincourt, p. 378), and throughout the reign he continued fighting in France. On 4 Sept. 1418 he was present when Henry took Caen by assault (HARDY, Rotuli Normanniæ, p. 195), and in the following March, when Henry retired to Caen and Bayeux, 'leaving the subjugation of Normandy to be prosecuted eastwards and westwards by Clarence, Gloucester, and Huntingdon,' Cromwell acted as Clarence's lieutenant and constable of the army. He was present at the capture of
- https://archive.org/stream/dictionaryofnati02leesuoft#page/91/mode/1up
- Courtonne on 6 March, of Chambrays on the 9th, and of Rivière-Thibonville on the 11th (ib. pp. 265,292,294,303; RYMER, Fædera, ix, 549, 551-2, 554; RAMSAY, Lancaster and York, i. 248, 257). He is throughout these operations styled 'chivaler,' though his father is said to have died in 1417. In May 1420 he was one of the commissioners who assisted Henry in negotiating the peace of Troyes with the Queen of France and the Duke of Burgundy (RYMER, ix. 910).
- Cromwell had during Henry V's reign never been summoned to the privy council, though he is spoken of as taking part 'in curia nostra militari' (ib. ix. 551). But he had gained the confidence of Henry V and of his brother John, duke of Bedford, and during the minority of Henry VI he at once assumed, in spite of his youthfulness, an important position among the lords of the council. He was first summoned to parliament on 29 Sept. 1422, and in November he was one of the lords appointed in parliament to form the council of regency (Rot. Parl. iv. 175 ; NICOLAS, Ord. P. C. iii. 16). Soon afterwards he was appointed chamberlain of the exchequer, and on 29 Jan. 1426 he was one of those sent to mediate with Humfrey, duke of Gloucester and reconcile him with Cardinal Beaufort. He seems to have generally sided with Beaufort against Gloucester, and on 1 March 1432, during Beaufort's absence in France, Gloucester seized the opportunity to remove the cardinal's friends from office. Cromwell lost the chamberlainship of the exchequer, and John Tiptoft, baron Tiptoft [q. v.], the stewardship of the household. In the following May he was warned not to bring more than his usual retinue to parliament, but on 16 June, following Beaufort's example, he laid his case before the House of Lords. He complained that he had been dismissed without cause shown and contrary to the ordinances of 1429, by which the council's proceedings were regulated. He appealed to testimonials from Bedford as to the value of his services in France, but an assurance that he left office without a stain on his character was all the satisfaction he could get (Rot. Parl. iv. 392; STUBBS, iii. 115 ; RAMSAY, Lancaster and York, i. 439).
- In the summer of 1433 Bedford returned to England, and during his visit the disgraced ministers were restored to power. Cromwell was made lord treasurer, and during the prorogation of parliament he 'prepared an elaborate statement of the national accounts' (STUBBS, iii. 117). This important statement was laid before parliament on 18 Oct. (Rot. Parl. iv. 433-8 ; RAMSAY, i 452), and led to various attempts at financial reform (STUBBS, iii. 118). But after the death of Bedford in 1435 Gloucester's opposition prevented any satisfactory measures. In 1436 Cromwell led a contingent to the relief of Calais, which was then besieged by the Duke of Burgundy. In the same year he was appointed master of the king's mews and falcons, and in 1441 he was one of the commissioners nominated to inquire into the alleged sorceries and witchcraft of the Duchess of Gloucester (English Chron. ed. Davies, p. 58).
- In July 1443 Cromwell resigned the treasury, for reasons that are not quite clear. Possibly his resignation was due to jealousy of the rising influence of William de la Pole, first duke of Suffolk [q. v.], who now succeeded Beaufort as the most influential adviser of the king. In 1445 Cromwell was made constable of Nottingham Castle and warden of Sherwood Forest, but he does not again come prominently forward until 1449, when he led the attack on Suffolk. One of Suffolk's partisans was William Tailboys, a Lincolnshire squire, with whom Cromwell had had some local disputes (see Paston Letters, i. 96, 98) ; and on 28 Nov. 1449 as he was entering the Star-chamber Cromwell was hustled by Tailboys. Cromwell accused Tailboys and Suffolk of intending his death; they denied the charge, but Tailboys was sent to the Tower, and two months later Suffolk's connection with Tailboys was one of the charges brought against him (WILLIAM WORCESTER, p. 766 ; Paston Letters, i. 96, 97; Rot. Parl. v. 181, 208 ; STUBBS, iii. 145 n.)
- The fall of Suffolk let loose a flood of personal jealousies, and among Cromwell's enemies were Yorkists as well as Lancastrians, though he seems to have belonged to the former party. He demanded security from parliament against Henry Holland, duke of Exeter (Rot. Parl. v. 264), but he was also at enmity with Warwick (Paston Letters, i. 345). When in 1455 the Duke of York was dismissed from the protectorship Cromwell seems to have joined him, and possibly fought at the first battle of St. Albans on 22 May. In July following he was accused of treason by Robert Collinson, a priest, as having instigated 'the male journey of Seynt Albons' (ib.) Nothing seems to have come of the charge, and Cromwell died on 4 Jan. 1455-6 (ib. iii. 425).
- Cromwell's will, dated at Collyweston, Northamptonshire, was proved on 19 Feb. 1455-6. He founded a college at Tattershall, where he was buried. A letter from him to Sir John Fastolf [q.v.] is printed in the 'Paston Letters' (iii. 425-6), and from the fact that Fastolf's wardrobe contained a
- https://archive.org/stream/dictionaryofnati02leesuoft#page/92/mode/1up
- robe of Cromwell's livery, it might be inferred that he was at one time in Cromwell's service. Fastolf also left money by his will to provide for prayers for Cromwell's soul, and Cromwell seems also to have been known to William Worcester [q. v.]
- He married, before 1433, Margaret, daughter of John, baron Deyncourt. She was seventeen years of age at her marriage, and died on 16 Sept. 1454, leaving no issue. The barony on Cromwell's death fell into abeyance between his two nieces, daughters of his only sister Maud, who was second wife of Sir Richard Stanhope (d. 1436) of Rampston. The elder was Maud, who married Robert, baron Willoughby de Eresby, and died on 30 Aug. 1497; the younger, Joan, married, firstly, Sir Humphrey Bourchier (son of Henry Bourchier, first earl of Essex [q. v.]), who was summoned to parliament from 1461 to 1471 as Lord Cromwell or Lord Bourchier de Cromwell ; and secondly, Sir Robert Radcliffe of Hunstanton, co. Norfolk. She died on 10 March 1490.
- [Rotali Parliamentorum, vols. iv. v. ; Rymer's Fædera, original edition, vols. ix-x. ; Nicolas's Proceedings of the Privy Council; Palgrave's Antient Kalendars and Inventories ; Hardy's Rotali Normanniæ; Stowe MS. 146, f. 1 ; William of Worcester ( Rolls Ser.) ; Paston Letters, ed. Gairdner, passim ; English Chronicle, ed. Davies ; Stubbs's Constitutional History, vol. iii.; Ramsay's Lancaster and York, vol. i. ; art. by Mr. W. H. Stevenson in Brown's Nottinghamshire Worthies, pp. 75-84 ; G. E. C[okayne]'s Complete Peerage.] A. F. P. ______________
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Maud (Cromwell) Stanhope's Timeline
| 1400 |
1400
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Lincolnshire, England
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| 1425 |
1425
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| 1455 |
1455
Age 55
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Horncastle, Lincolnshire, England
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| ???? |