Oskar Wilhelm Enqvist

Oskar Enqvist var konteramiral vid ryska flottan.

Vizeadmiral AD, a Finland-Swedish admiral in the Imperial Russian Navy, noted for his role in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904 - 1905

• http://dokumente.ios-regensburg.de/amburger/index.php?id=84840
• RuWiki: Энквист, Оскар Адольфович
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oskar_Enkvist

Kansallisbiografia:

Enqvist, Oskar Wilhelm

vara-amiraali, S 28.10.1849, K 16.3.1912 Hatsina, Pietarin kuvernementti, Venäjä Vanhemmat 1. luokan kapteeni Adolf Fredrik Enqvist S 3.4.1818, K 13.12.1871 ja Mathilda Ericsson S 16.9.1816, K 1875 Pietari.

Lapset Vasili S 3.6.1878, kollegiasessori.

Ura Oskar Wilhelm Enqvist aloitti 1865 opinnot Pietarin merikadettikoulussa. Hänet ylennettiin gardemariniksi 2.5.1869 ja kadettikoulusta valmistuttuaan midshipsmaniksi 29.5.1871 sekä määrättiin vuosiksi 1872 - 1874 palvelukseen fregatti Admiral Greighille. Hänet ylennettiin luutnantiksi 12.4.1874. Enqvist palveli vahtipäällikkönä panssarilaiva Knjaz Požarskin ulkomaan purjehduksella 1880 ja oli komennettu tykkivene Sivutshin vanhimmaksi upseeriksi sen Kaukoidän purjehduksella 27.6.1884 - 5.11.1887. Hänet ylennettiin purjehduksen aikana 2. luokan kapteeniksi 25.4.1886. Hänet määrättiin fregatti Pamjat Azovan vanhimmaksi upseeriksi 21.4.1888.

Enqvist siirrettiin palvelukseen Itämeren laivastoon 20.9.1893 ja ylennettiin 1. luokan kapteeniksi 18.12.1894. Hänet määrättiin Venäjän laivaston majoitusmestariosaston opetuskomennuskunnan päälliköksi 20.5.1895. Samalla hän tuli päälliköksi 1. luokan risteilijä Gertsog Jedinburgskille, jota hän komensi Atlantilla 1897 - 1899. Enqvist määrättiin 12., H. M. Kreikan Kuningattaren meriekipaasin päälliköksi 19.6.1899. Hänet ylennettiin kontra-amiraaliksi 19.12.1901 ja siirrettiin Nikolajevin kaupungin kuvernööriksi ja satamapäälliköksi Hersonin kuvernementtiin Ukrainan alueelle 22.9.1902.

Venäjän ja Japanin sodan puhjettua Enqvist tuli nuoremmaksi lippumieheksi 2. Tyynenmeren eskaaderiin 9.5.1904 ja osallistui seuraavan vuoden toukokuussa Tsušiman meritaisteluun. Hänen onnistui taistelun jälkeen pelastautua risteilijöiden Oleg, Avrora ja Žemžug kanssa Manilaan, missä hänet internoitiin. Palattuaan sotavankeudesta Enqvist määrättiin nuoremmaksi lippumieheksi Itämeren laivastoon 26.3.1906. Hän sai sairauden takia 2.12.1907 eron sotapalveluksesta vara-amiraalina.

Kunnia- ja ansiomerkit VenSt 3 13.1.1880; VenA 3 13.1.1886; KreikVapahtR R 18.1.1886, VenSt 2 13.1.1890; VenA 2 13.1.1892; SaksinESR K 28.12.1896; RanskKL ups. 20.9.1897; PrPKR 20.9.1897; VenVl 4 rk. 20 v. palv. 4.10.1897; KreikVapahtR K 2 13.3.1899; VenVl 3 18.12.1899; ItalPMLR K 7.5.1900; JapNAR K 28.7.1902; VenSt 1 14.1.1904; sodan 1904 - 1905 vaalea pr. mm. 1906; VenA 1 2.12.1907. Enqvist, Oskar Wilhelm. Suomalaiset kenraalit ja amiraalit Venäjän sotavoimissa 1809–1917 -verkkojulkaisu. Studia Biographica 7. Helsinki: Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, 2006– (viitattu 12.11.2019). Julkaisun pysyvä tunniste URN:NBN:fi-fe2018111948426; artikkelin pysyvä tunniste http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:sks-ken-000103

Wikipedia:

Oskar Wilhelm Enqvist OAEnquist.jpg Vice-admiral Oskar Enqvist. Born October 28, 1849 Gatchina, St. Petersburg Governorate, Russian Empire Died March 3, 1912 (aged 62) Kronstadt, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire Allegiance Russian Empire Service/branch Imperial Russian Navy Years of service 1869–1907 Rank Vice Admiral Battles/wars Russo Japanese War

Oskar Wilhelm Enqvist (Russian: О́скар Адо́льфович Энквист, Oskar Adolfovich Enkvist; 28 October 1849 – 3 March 1912) was a Finland-Swedish admiral in the Imperial Russian Navy, noted for his role in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905.

Contents 1 Youth and early career 2 Senior officer 3 Russo-Japanese War 4 Retirement and death 5 Honors 5.1 Imperial Russia decorations 5.2 Foreign distinctions 6 References 7 External links 8 Notes Youth and early career[edit] Born to Captain Adolf Frederik Enqvist of ethnic Finno-Swedish ethnicity, of Lutheran faith. Enqvist was a classmate of future Admiral Nikolai Nebogatov at the Naval Cadet Corps in 1866. He was promoted to gardemarin in 1869 and graduated as a midshipman in 1871. He served in the Russian Baltic Fleet from 1871–1874, and was promoted to lieutenant on 30 August 1874. From 15 June 1884 to 24 October 1886, he was an officer on the gunboat Sivuch on which he led an expedition to the Far East. On 13 April 1886 he was promoted to captain 2nd rank, while still on his expedition.

On 28 October 1887 he returned to Russia. Enqvist was transferred to the cruiser Pamiat Azova as executive officer on 9 April 1888, on which he made a second voyage to the Far East from 1890-1891. On board this ship was the Tsarevich Nicholas II on his tour of the various countries of Asia.

Senior officer[edit] From 25 May 1891 to 21 September 1893 Enqvist commanded on the gunboat Bobr and supervised hydrological studies off the shores of Korea. While on this voyage, on 6 December 1894, he promoted to the rank of captain 1st rank. On the return from this voyage, Enqvist was appointed captain of the training cruiser Gerzog Edinburgski on 5 June 1895, and commanded this vessel until 7 June 1899. On 6 December 1901, Enqvist was promoted to rear admiral. With this rank, he became commandant of the port and city of Nikolaïev on 9 September 1902 to 26 April 1904.

Russo-Japanese War[edit] During the Russo-Japanese War, Enqvist, largely through the political patronage of his cousin Theodor Avellan, Vice-Chairman of the Russian Admiralty, he was appointed as commander of the First Cruiser Division of the Second Pacific Squadron, over numerous officers with higher seniority. He made the new cruiser Oleg as his flagship. Vice admiral Zinovy Rozhestvensky viewed Enqvist as a political opportunist, and refused to allow him an independent command, but instead forced him to sail with the main force around the southern end of the African continent.[1]

During the Battle of Tsushima on 27–28 May 1905, in order to avoid capture or destruction by the Imperial Japanese Navy, Enqvist announced to his officers at the end of the first day of the battle that he had decided to flee rather than to continue the battle or to attempt to reach Vladivostok. Over the objections of his officers, Enqvist ordered the Oleg south, together with the Aurora and Zhemchug to the neutral port of Manila, where he and his squadron were interned by the Americans until the end of the war.[1]

Retirement and death[edit] After his return to Russia, he was released from service with the Russian Imperial Navy on November 10, 1907 with the rank of vice admiral. Oskar Wilhelm Enqvist died on March 3, 1912 in Kronstadt and was buried there.

Honors[edit] Imperial Russia decorations[edit] Order of Saint Stanislaus Ribbon.PNG Order of St. Stanislaus 2nd degree, January 8, 1890 Order of Saint Anne Ribbon.PNG Order of St. Anne 2nd degree 1892 Saint vladimir (bande).png Order of St Vladimir 4th degree with bow, 1897. Saint vladimir (bande).png Order of St Vladimir 3rd degree, December 6, 1899. Order of Saint Stanislaus Ribbon.PNG Order of St. Stanislaus 1st degree, January 1, 1904 Foreign distinctions[edit] GRE Order Redeemer 5Class.png Order of the Redeemer, Knight, 1866 (Greece) JPN Zuiho-sho (WW2) 3Class BAR.svg Order of the Sacred Treasure, 3rd class, 1891 (Japan) PRU Roter Adlerorden BAR.svg Order of the Red Eagle, 2nd class, 1897 (Prussia) Legion Honneur Officier ribbon.svg Officer of the Legion of Honor, 1897 (France) GRE Order Redeemer 3Class.png Order of the Redeemer, Commander, 1899 (Greece) Commendatore SSML Regno BAR.svg Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus, Commander, 1900 (Italy) JPN Kyokujitsu-sho 3Class BAR.svg Order of the Rising Sun, 3rd degree, 1902 (Japan) References[edit] Kowner, Rotem (2006). Historical Dictionary of the Russo-Japanese War. The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-4927-5. (in Finnish) Biografiakeskus: Enqvist, Oskar Wilhelm