Pedro Modesto Munárriz

Photo from her immigration card in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KXQ6-K8N Original file: https://ibb.co/BTrX04d or https://imgbox.com/RWQz45ot or https://pixhost.to/show/659/370307812_record-image_.jpg This photograph is in the public domain in Brazil because it was created there before 19 June 1998 and, according to the 1973 Brazilian copyright law, is not considered to be an artistic creation. This applies to documentary photographs in general (commercial or not), as well as non-artistic photographic portraits. See here for some guidance on this. This work is in the public domain in the United States because it meets three requirements: it was first published outside the United States (and not published in the U.S. within 30 days), it was first published before 1 March 1989 without copyright notice or before 1964 without copyright renewal or before the source country established copyright relations with the United States, it was in the public domain in its home country (Brazil) on the URAA date (1 January 1996).

Photo from the cover page of The Cable Tow (February 1949, Vol. XXIII, No. 8): https://grandlodge.ph/sites/default/files/cabletow/Cabletow1949-8.pdf Original file: https://ibb.co/2tSwbgr or https://imgbox.com/8Zht4sZP or https://pixhost.to/show/656/370291745_esteban-munarriz.jpg This work was first published in the Philippines and is now in the public domain because its copyright protection has expired by virtue of the Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines. The work meets one of the following criteria: It is an anonymous or pseudonymous work and 50 years have passed since the year of its publication It is an audiovisual or photographic work and 50 years have passed since the year of its publication It is a work of applied art and 25 years have passed since the year of its publication It is another kind of work, and 50 years have passed since the year of death of the author (or last-surviving author) Important note: Works of foreign (non-U.S.) origin must be out of copyright or freely licensed in both their home country and the United States in order to be accepted on Commons. Works of Philippine origin that have entered the public domain in the U.S. due to certain circumstances (such as publication in noncompliance with U.S. copyright formalities) may have had their U.S. copyright restored under the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (URAA) if the work was under copyright in its country of origin on the date that the URAA took effect in that country. (For the Philippines, the URAA took effect on January 1, 1996.)