Prince Faysal bin Turki bin Abdullah Al Saud

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faisal_bin_Turki_bin_Abdullah_Al_Saud

Imam Faisal (Arabic: فيصل بن تركي بن عبد الله آل سعود‎) (1785- 1865) was the second ruler of the Second Saudi State and seventh Head of the House of Saud. He is the son of Imam Turki. He ruled from 1834 to 1838. Then was forced into exile by the Ottomans. He reclaimed the throne in 1843 and ruled to 1865.

Turki's Assasination and Ottoman Resistance

He was deported to Egypt along with other members of his family after the fall of First Saudi State. He managed to escape and joined his father Turki in his revolt against the Egyptian forces of the Ottoman Empire.

After Turki established the Second Saudi State, Faisal was sent on military operations to al-Hasa in the east. But his father was assassinated by Mushari bin Abdul-Rahman, a distant cousin. Faisal hurried back to Riyadh to deal with the revolt. His troops stormed the castle and killed Mushari. Those not directly involved in the murder were spared and the town pledged allegiance.

His rule continued to be opposed by the Ottoman forces, however, and the Egyptian governor of Arabia, Khurshid Pasha, supported a rival candidate - Khalid bin Saud. Khalid was a member of the senior line of the Saud family. Faisal was forced to flee the city and take refuge with the alKhorayef princes of the tribes of Bani Tamim. In 1838, he attempted to come to terms with Khurshid Pasha, but was forced to go into exile a second time in Cairo. In 1843, Faisal escaped from captivity again and returned to Riyadh.

Return and Kingship

He easily defeated the Abdallah bin Thunayyan, who had revolted against the ineffective Khalid and taken control. Faisal depended on a close alliance with the Al Rashid family of Hail. Abdullah bin Rashid played a key role in his success, and the two families were extensively intermarried. In return, Faisal appointed Abdullah as the Amir of Ha'il. Faisal governed with great success until his death in 1865.

In-fighting among his four sons eventually destroyed the state. His branch of the family, which includes the present King of Saudi Arabia, is referred to as the Al Faisal.