From Lost Kingdom written by Julia Flynn Siler

Queen Lili'uokalani was born in a grass house in 1838 and adopted by Hawai'i's then ruling Kamehameha dynasty, Lili'u (pronounced Lee-lee-ooh), as she was known by intimates, was a fervent patriot and the last queen of Hawai'i.

From Wikipedia:

Born Lydia Lili'u Loloku Walania Wewehi Kamaka'eha, she was the last monarch and only queen regnant of the Kingdom of Hawai'i. She was also known as Lydia Kamaka'eha Paki, with the chosen royal name of Lili'uokalani, and she was later named Kaolupoloni K. Dominis.

Queen Liliuokalani was the last reigning monarch of the Hawaiian islands. She felt her mission was to preserve the islands for their native residents. In 1898, Hawaii was annexed to the United States and Queen Liliuokalani was forced to give up her throne.

Queen Liliuokalani was deposed by the advocates of a Republic for Hawaii in 1893. She was born in Honolulu to high chief Kapaakea and the chiefess Keohokalole, the third of ten children. Her brother was King Kalakaua. Liliuokalani was adopted at birth by Abner Paki and his wife Konia. At age 4, her adoptive parents enrolled her in the Royal School. There she became fluent in English and influenced by Congregational missionaries. She also became part of the royal circle attending Kamehameha IV and Queen Emma.

Liliuokalanie married a ha'ole, John Owen Dominis on September 16, 1862. Dominis would eventually serve the monarchy as the Governor of O'ahu and Maui. They had no children and according to her private papers and diaries, the marriage was not fulfilling. Dominis died shortly after she assumed the throne, and the queen never remarried.

Upon the death of her brother, King Kalakauam Liliuokalani ascended the throne of Hawaii in January 1891. One of her first acts was to recommend a new Hawaii constitution, as the "Bayonet Constitution" of 1887 limited the power of the monarch and political power of native Hawaiians. In 1890, the McKinley Tariff began to cause a recession in the islands by withdrew the safeguards ensuring a mainland market for Hawaiian sugar. American interests in Hawaii began to consider annexation for Hawaii to re-establish an economic competitive position for sugar. In 1893, Queen Liliuokalani sought to empower herself and Hawaiians through a new constitution which she herself had drawn up and now desired to promulgate as the new law of the land. It was Queen Liliuokalani's right as a sovereign to issue a new constitution through an edict from the throne. A group led by Sanford B. Dole sought to overthrow the institution of the monarchy. The American minister in Hawaii, John L. Stevens, called for troops to take control of Iolani Palace and various other governmental buildings. In 1894, the Queen, was deposed, the monarchy abrogated, and a provisional government was established which later became the Republic of Hawaii.

In 1893, James H. Blount, newly appointed American minister to Hawaii, arrived representing President Grover Cleveland. Blount listened to both sides, annexationists and restorationists, and concluded the Hawaiian people aligned with the Queen. Blount and Cleveland agreed the Queen should be restored. Blount's final report implicated the American minister Stevens in the illegal overthrow of Liliuokalani. Albert S. Willis, Cleveland's next American minister offered the crown back to the Queen on the condition she pardon and grant general amnesty to those who had dethroned her. She initially refused but soon she changed her mind and offered clemency. This delay compromised her political position and President Cleveland had released the entire issue of the Hawaiian revolution to Congress for debate. The annexationists promptly lobbied Congress against restoration of the monarchy. On July 4, 1894, the Republic of Hawaii with Sanford B. Dole as president was proclaimed. It was recognized immediately by the United States government.

In 1895, Liliuokalani was arrested and forced to reside in Iolani Palace after a cache of weapons was found in the gardens of her home in Washington Place. She denied knowing of the existence of this cache and was reportedly unaware of others' efforts to restore the royalty. In 1896, she was released and returned to her home at Washington Place where she lived for the next two decades. Hawaii was annexed to the United States through a joint resolution of the U. S. Congress in 1898 . The "ex-"queen died due to complications from a stroke in 1917. A statue of her was erected on the grounds of the State Capital in Honolulu.

In 1898 Hawaii was finally annexed by the United States, and in 1900 it became a U.S. territory. On August 21, 1959 it became the 50th American state. In 1993 Congress and President Clinton formally apologized for the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liliuokalani

Liliʻuokalani (Hawaiian pronunciation: [lili%CB%8C%CA%94uok%C9%99%CB%88l%C9%90ni]; September 2, 1838 – November 11, 1917), born Lydia Liliʻu Loloku Walania Wewehi Kamakaʻeha, was the last monarch and only queen regnant of the Kingdom of Hawaii. She was also known as Lydia Kamakaʻeha Pākī, with the chosen royal name of Liliʻuokalani, and her married name was Lydia K. Dominis.

Liliʻuokalani was born on September 2, 1838 to the High Chiefess Analea Keohokālole and High Chief Caesar Kaluaiku Kapaʻakea. In accordance with the Hawaiian tradition of hānai, she was adopted at birth by Abner Pākī and his wife Laura Kōnia. Liliʻuokalani’s childhood years were spent studying and playing with her foster sister Bernice Pauahi, the Pākīs' natural daughter.

The Premier Elizabeth Kīnaʻu had developed an eye infection at the time of Liliʻu's birth. She gave her the names Liliʻu (smarting[1]), Loloku (tearful[2]), Walania (a burning pain[3]), and Kamakaʻeha (sore eyes). Liliʻu's brother changed it when he named her Crown Princess, calling her Liliʻuokalani, "the smarting of the royal ones".[4]

Liliʻuokalani received her education at the Chiefs' Children's School (later known as the Royal School), and became fluent in English. She attended the school with her two older brothers James Kaliokalani and David Kalākaua. Liliʻuokalani was one of 15 children.

On September 16, 1862, Liliʻuokalani married John Owen Dominis, who became Governor of Oʻahu and Maui. Her marriage to Dominis was an unhappy match. He was unfaithful to her and had many affairs, a fact that family friend and royal physician Georges Phillipe Trousseau tried to hide from her, but in 1882 Dr. Trousseau had to inform her that one of her household retainers was pregnant with her husband's son. Liliʻuokalani first reaction was to attempt to claim the child as her own, and making him in line to the throne, to spare her husband the embarrassment. She understood this was illegal and would undermine the integrity of the monarchy, but she wanted to protect her husband.[5]

Although Liliʻuokalani's named successor was her niece Princess Kaʻiulani (1875–99), Kaʻiulani predeceased her. Liliʻuokalani had three hānai children: Lydia Kaʻonohiponiponiokalani Aholo; Kaiponohea ʻAeʻa, the son of a retainer; and John Aimoku Dominis, her husband's illegitimate son.[

Succeeded to the crown on 29 January 1891!

Overthrown as ruling monarch by the soldiers of the American Warship BOSTON under the leadership of the U.S. Minister to Hawaii, J. L. Stevens, on 17 January 1893!

Source: page 24...Volume I, Hawaiian Genealogies, Extracted from Hawaiian Language Newspapers....by Edith Kawelohea McKinzie... and edited by Ishmael W. Stagner, II...

Color: Dusty Off-Brown with Ivory White.

Where: Any O'ahu State Library. (Lptm)

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Liliʻuokalani was born on September 2, 1838, in Honolulu, on the island of Oʻahu. While her natural parents were Analea Keohokālole and Caesar Kapaʻakea, she was hānai (informally adopted) at birth by Abner Pākī and Laura Kōnia and raised with their daughter Bernice Pauahi Bishop. Baptized as a Christian and educated at the Royal School, she and her siblings and cousins were proclaimed eligible for the throne by King Kamehameha III. She was married to American-born John Owen Dominis, who later became the Governor of Oʻahu. The couple had no biological children but adopted several. After the accession of her brother David Kalākaua to the throne in 1874, she and her siblings were given Western style titles of Prince and Princess. In 1877, after her younger brother Leleiohoku II's death, she was proclaimed as heir apparent to the throne. During the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria, she represented her brother as an official envoy to the United Kingdom.

Liliʻuokalani ascended to the throne on January 29, 1891, nine days after her brother's death. During her reign, she attempted to draft a new constitution which would restore the power of the monarchy and the voting rights of the economically disenfranchised. Threatened by her attempts to abrogate the Bayonet Constitution, pro-American elements in Hawaiʻi overthrew the monarchy on January 17, 1893. The overthrow was bolstered by the landing of US Marines under John L. Stevens to protect American interests, which rendered the monarchy unable to protect itself.

The coup d'état established the Republic of Hawaiʻi, but the ultimate goal was the annexation of the islands to the United States, which was temporarily blocked by President Grover Cleveland. After an unsuccessful uprising to restore the monarchy, the oligarchical government placed the former queen under house arrest at the ʻIolani Palace. On January 24, 1895, Liliʻuokalani was forced to abdicate the Hawaiian throne, officially ending the deposed monarchy. Attempts were made to restore the monarchy and oppose annexation, but with the outbreak of the Spanish–American War, the United States annexed Hawaiʻi. Living out the remainder of her later life as a private citizen, Liliʻuokalani died at her residence, Washington Place, in Honolulu on November 11, 1917.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liliʻuokalani

In 1893, a coup d'état, conducted by US nationals, took place in the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi which culminated in the abolition of its 100-year-old monarchy and the overthrow of The Queen.

On 17 July 1893, a group of US nationals domiciled in Hawai'i seized control of the country and established a provisional government with the express purpose of ruling "until annexation by the United States." The Japanese and British governments declared the move illegal and demanded that The Queen be restored to her throne.

Whilst there was initial condemnation from President Cleveland, secret communication between the provisional government and the United States was held and the "Committee of Safety" (the ringleaders) were told to wait until the President's second term ended.

By 1895, and after a counter-rebellion, The Queen was held under house arrest and was forced to abdicate the throne in return for the commutation of the death sentences of her family members Prince Kawānanakoa and Prince Jonah Kūhiō.

The Queen accepted these demands for fear of widespread bloodshed of the native populations of Hawai'i. In a speech at the military tribunal at which she formally abdicated, The Queen said that "the wishes of my people were not consulted as to this change of government" and "to prevent the shedding of the blood of my people, natives and foreigners alike ... I quietly yielded and submitted to the arbitrament of the government of the United States the decision of my rights and those of the Hawaiian people."

In 1897 at the request of the Provisional Government and without public consultation, the United States annexed Hawai'i by means of the Newlands Resolution.

https://www.bing.com/search?q=queen+liliuokalani&cvid=0438b1f7949a4...