Sir Archibald 'The Tyneman' Douglas

https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archibald_Douglas

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_Archibald_Douglas

Sir Archibald Douglas (The Tyneman- Old Scots "Loser") (before 1298 – 19 July 1333) was a Scottish noble, Guardian of Scotland and military leader.

Early life

The younger son of Sir William "le Hardi" Douglas, the Governor of the castle at Berwick-upon-Tweed, and his wife Eleanor de Lovaine. Douglas was also half-brother of "the Good" Sir James Douglas, King Robert the Bruce's deputy. Douglas is first heard of in 1320 when he received a charter of land at Morebattle in Roxburghshire and Kirkandrews in Dumfriesshire from King Robert. In 1324 he was recorded as being granted the lands of Rattray and Crimond in Buchan, and the lands of Conveth, Kincardineshire, already being possession of Cavers in Roxburghshire, Drumlanrig and Terregles in Dumfriesshire, and the lands of West Calder in Midlothian. By the time of his death he was also in possession of Liddesdale.

History then keeps quiet about Douglas except whilst serving under his older brother James in the 1327 campaign in Weardale, where his foragers "auoint curry apoi tot levesche de Doresme"- overran nearly all the Bishopric of Durham. (Scalacronica)

Second War of Independence

Following the death of King Robert I and his brother's crusade with the dead king's heart, Douglas once again becomes of note. He was made guardian of the kingdom since he was "the principal adviser in...the confounding of the king" as much as he was heir to his brothers influence after Murray's capture. Archibald's success in local raids though, did not prepare him for full scale conflict. During the Second War of Scottish Independence, Edward Baliol, son of King John of Scotland, had invaded Scotland with the backing of Edward III of England, inflicting a defeat on the Scots at the Battle of Dupplin Moor. Douglas served under the dubious leadership of Patrick V, Earl of Dunbar leader of the second army that aimed to crush the smaller Balliol force. Following the rout of the Earl of Mar's force Dunbar did not engage the disinherited but retreated allowing Edward Balliol to be crowned at Scone. Following this battle, and as a sweetener to the English, Edward Baliol agreed to cede the county, town and castle of Berwick to England in perpetuity. However Douglas led a Bruce loyalist defeat on Balliol at the Battle of Annan, forcing him to flee back to England.

Battle of Halidon Hill

Edward III himself came north to command his army, and laid siege to Berwick. However, a temporary truce was declared with the stipulation that if not relieved within a set time, Sir Alexander Seton, the governor, would deliver the castle to the English. Douglas raised an army to relieve the beleaguered defenders of Berwick. As a feint to draw the English away he invaded Northumberland, but was forced to return to Berwick when the English refused to be lured. On 19 July, Edward's army took positions at the summit of Halidon Hill, a summit some mile and a half north of the town with commanding views of the surrounding country. Douglas' numerically superior force was compelled to attack up the slope and were slaughtered by the English archers, a prelude, perhaps, to the battles of Crécy and Agincourt. The English won the field with little loss of life, however by the close of the fight, countless Scots common soldiery, five Scots Earls and the Guardian Douglas lay dead. The following day Berwick capitulated. Archibald was succeeded by his son, William Douglas, 1st Earl of Douglas. [edit]Marriage and issue

Sir Archibald Douglas married Beatrice Lindsay, daughter of Sir Alexander Lindsay of Crawford, an ancestor of the Earls of Crawford. They had three children.

John Douglas (d.b. 1342 in the retinue of David II of Scotland in France)

William Douglas, 1st Earl of Douglas

Eleanor Douglas married five times

1. Alexander, Earl of Carrick, natural son of Edward Bruce, King of Ireland (k.1333, Battle of Halidon Hill)

2. Sir James de Sandilands, ancestor of the Lords of Torphichen (d.b. 1358)

3. Sir William Tours of Dalry (d.b.1368)

4. Sir Duncan Wallace of Sundrum (d.b. 1376)

5. Sir Patrick Hepburn of Hailes, ancestor of the Earls of Bothwell
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Ancestral File 

name:

Archibald DOUGLAS ;[KNIGHT] (AFN: 9FBQ-9S)

sexo: male

nacimiento: aproximadamente 1297

                         Of, Douglas, Lanarkshire, Scotland 

defunción: 19 July 1333

                         Haliden Hill, , Northumberland, England 

matrimonio: aproximadamente 1320

Padres

Padre: William "Le Hardi" DOUGLAS ;[KNIGHT] (AFN: H12C-6B)

madre: Elizabeth STEWART (AFN: H129-CW)

Matrimonios (1)

cónyuge: Beatrice De LINDSAY (AFN: 9F9X-PL)

matrimonio: aproximadamente 1320

Ocultar hijos (3)

hijo 1:

John DOUGLAS (AFN: 9FBQ-B0)

sexo: male nacimiento: aproximadamente 1321

                        Of, Douglas, Lanarkshire, Scotland  defunción:      antes de 1341 

hijo 2:

William Earl of DOUGLAS (AFN: 9FBQ-C5)

sexo: male nacimiento: aproximadamente 1323

                          Of, Douglas, Lanarkshire, Scotland 

defunción:       May 1384 

hijo 3:

Eleanor DOUGLAS (AFN: 9FBQ-DB)

sexo: female nacimiento: aproximadamente 1325

                       Of, Douglas, Lanarkshire, Scotland  defunción:  aproximadamente 1360 

                   Scotland 

Enviado por (2) mfamilies1280301 gdmfunit1804781

microfilme: 1512613

envío: AF89-002651 

Cita de este registro

"Ancestral File," database, FamilySearch (http://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.2.1/M47Q-V42 : accessed 2014-04-28), entry for Archibald DOUGLAS ;[KNIGHT].

Información de la fuente

Ancestral File es una colección de datos genealógicos procedentes de cuadros genealógicos y de registros de grupos familiares enviados al Departamento de Historia Familiar desde 1978. Dicha información no ha sido cotejada con registros oficiales. Debido a que la información es proporcionada en forma voluntaria, es responsabilidad de las personas que usen el archivo comprobar su exactitud. Más información »

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