Theofano Mousalonissa

• https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theophano_Mouzalonissa
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oleg_I_of_Chernigov
• https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Theophano_Mouzalonissa&r...

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OLEG MIKHAIL Sviatoslavich "Gorislavich" ([1058]-1 Aug 1115[271]). The Primary Chronicle names Oleg, son of Sviatoslav, recording that he and Vladimir, son of Vsevolod, fought the Czechs with the Poles in 1076[272]. Prince of Volynia [1073]. He claimed Chernigov in 1076 on the death of his father, but was expelled in Apr 1078 by his uncles Iziaslav and Vsevolod to Tmutorokan. He returned with support from the Kuman [Cumans] to take Chernigov by force and defeated his uncle Vsevolod on the river Sozh, east of Pereyaslavl, 25 Aug 1078[273]. Prince Vsevolod sought support from Prince Iziaslav. They defeated Oleg 3 Oct 1078 at Nezhatin Meadow near Chernigov, where Prince Iziaslav was killed. Oleg was kidnapped from Tmutorokan on the orders of his uncle Vsevolod Grand Prince of Kiev and taken to Constantinople (from where he went to Rhodos where he spent two years and married his first wife), being replaced by Vsevolod's agent Ratibor, who in turn was expelled by Oleg's cousins David Igorevich and Volodar Rostislavich, before returning himself to take control of Tmutorokan in [1083]. He captured Chernigov in 1094, after expelling Prince Vladimir "Monomakh". He was expelled in 1095 by Princes Vladimir and Sviatopolk, but waged continual war against them 1096/97[274]. He installed himself as Prince of Murom and Suzdal in 1096, but was obliged to withdraw by the armed forces of Mstislav Vladimirovich Prince of Novgorod (later Mstislav II Grand Prince of Kiev)[275]. Under the terms of the family accord at Liubech in 1097, he became Prince of Novgorod-Severskiy and Riazan. m firstly (Rhodos [1081/83]%29 THEOFANO Mousalonissa, from Rhodos, daughter of --- (-after [1100]). A seal dated to [1088] names "Theophano Mouzalonissa archontissa of Russia"[276]. Schlumberger assumes that “archontissa” indicates that Theofano was the wife of a Russian prince, citing as another example of use of the title a reference to St Olga, wife of Igor son of Rurik, as "archontissa tes Rosias", but he remarks that he had not identified the husband of Theofano[277]. Baumgarten identifies her husband, but he only cites the same passage in Schlumberger in support[278]. It has not been ascertained whether Baumgarten´s identification is based on another (primary) source or was an informed guess in light of Oleg´s reported stay in Rhodos (see above) and after eliminating other possible candidates in the Rurikid dynasty. m secondly --- Kuman princess, daughter of OSSOLUR Asaduk Khan of Kumans. Baumgarten records this marriage and cites a primary source in support[279]. Oleg & his first wife had three children:

a) VSEVOLOD Olegovich (-1 Aug 1146). Baumgarten names him and cites a primary source in support[280]. Prince of Chernigov 1127-1139. He succeeded in 1139 as VSEVOLOD II Grand Prince of Kiev. - see below.

b) IGOR Olegovich (1096-murdered Kiev 19 Sep 1147). Baumgarten names him and cites a primary source in support[281]. Prince of Kursk 1115-1127. Prince of Chernigov 1139-1146. He succeeded in 1146 as IGOR Grand Prince of Kiev. He was expelled 1147 by Iziaslav Mstislavich, became a monk, but murdered shortly after. He came to be venerated as a saint.

c) GLEB Olegovich (-1138). Baumgarten names him, citing a secondary source in support[282]. He was installed as Prince of Kursk in 1136. He helped his brother Sviatoslav, then Prince of Novgorod, to drive out Vsevolod Mstislavich from Pskov where he had been planning to invade Novgorod[283]. m ---. The name of Gleb´s wife is not known. Gleb & his wife had one child:

i) IZIASLAV Glebovich (-14 May 1134). Baumgarten names him and cites a primary source in support[284]. Oleg & his second wife had one child:

d) SVIATOSLAV NIKOLAI Olegovich (-15 Feb 1164). Baumgarten names him, citing a secondary source in support[285]. He was installed as Prince of Novgorod-Severskiy in 1139. - see below, Chapter 5. PRINCES of NOVGOROD-SEVERSKIY and KURSK.

6. IAROSLAV Sviatoslavich (-1130). The Primary Chronicle names Iaroslav brother of Oleg, recording that the latter sent him as an outpost while he was attempting to seize Novgorod[286]. Prince of Chernigov 1123/27. Prince of Riazan and Murom 1127/29. - see below, Chapter 6. PRINCES of RIAZAN, MUROM and PRONSK.

Source- http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/RUSSIA,%20Rurik.htm#_Toc481496214

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The first known members of the family are attested in 11th-century seals. One of them records Theophano Mouzalonissa, "archontissa of Rhousia". It has been suggested that she was the wife of Oleg Svyatoslavovich, lord of Tmutarakan, but it is also possible that she was simply the wife of the Byzantine archon of the port city and base of Rhosia, which was located near Tmutarakan.[1] In the late 11th century, Nicholas Mouzalon, became Archbishop of Cyprus and later, in 1147–1151, Patriarch of Constantinople. Another member of the family, Constantine Mouzalon, was a patriarchal notary.[2][3]

The most prominent members of the family however were the Mouzalon brothers from Adramyttium. They entered palace service as pages to the young Theodore II Laskaris, and became his childhood companions.[2][4] Although they were of humble origin, upon his accession Theodore rewarded them with the highest state offices. His close friend George Mouzalon was made first megas domestikos (commander in chief of the army) and then protovestiarios (chamberlain) and megas stratopedarches, an office specially created for him. Andronikos was made protovestiarios and then succeeded George as megas domestikos, while Theodore, the eldest brother, was made protokynegos (chief huntsman).[2][5] This unprecedented favour towards low-born men, as well as their subsequent marriage, on the emperor's initiative, to women of prominent noble families, aroused the enmity of the traditional aristocracy.[2][6] Theodore II died in August 1258 after a short illness, leaving George Mouzalon as regent for the young John IV Laskaris (r. 1258–1261). A few days after his death however, an aristocratic conspiracy led by the future emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos (r. 1259–1282) arranged their murder by mutinous soldiers during a memorial service for the deceased emperor.[2][7] There were also at least two sisters, one of whom was married to a Hagiotheodorites. The name of the other husband is unknown, but he too was murdered along with his brothers-in-law.[4] Other contemporary members of the family, of uncertain relation to the four brothers, included a governor of the capital of Nicaea, whose first name is unknown, and the mystikos and epi tou kanikleiou John Mouzalon.[8]

A Theodore Mouzalon appears later as logothetes tou genikou to Michael VIII. It has been suggested that he is the elder of the murdered brothers, but it is not certain. After disagreeing with the emperor's unionist religious policies, he was dismissed and flogged, but returned to favour under Andronikos II Palaiologos (r. 1282–1328). His daughter Eudokia married Constantine Palaiologos, the emperor's second son.[2][9] Under Andronikos II, the family also regained military offices: Stephen Mouzalon was megas droungarios tou ploimou and led the negotiations with the Catalan Company, while the hetaireiarches George Mouzalon led the Byzantine forces in the Battle of Bapheus against the Ottomans in 1302.[2][9]

The aristocrat John Mouzalon is mentioned later in the century, while the last known member of the family is the "philosopher physician" Demetrios Mouzalon in the 15th century.[9]

Sources:

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Cawley, Charles. "Medieval Lands Project: MOUZALON". Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Retrieved 2010-05-14.

Kazhdan, Alexander, ed. (1991), Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium, Oxford University Press, p. 1771, ISBN 978-0-19-504652-6

Macrides, Ruth (2007), George Akropolites: The History - Introduction, translation and commentary, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-921067-1

Makripoulias, Christos (2005). "Mouzalon Family". Encyclopedia of the Hellenic World, Asia Minor. Retrieved 2010-05-14.

Kazhdan (1991), pp. 1420–1421, 1794

^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Kazhdan (1991), p. 1421

Jump up ^ Makripoulias (2005), Chapter 1

^ Jump up to: a b Makripoulias (2005), Chapter 2

Jump up ^ Makripoulias (2005), Chapter 3.1

Jump up ^ Makripoulias (2005), Chapter 3.2

Jump up ^ Makripoulias (2005), Chapter 3.3

Jump up ^ Macrides (2007), pp. 26, 219, 295

^ Jump up to: a b c Makripoulias (2005), Chapter 5

Феофания (Феофано) Музалон (XI век — 1090 год) — жена князя тмутараканского Олега Святославича. Единственное упоминание о том, что Феофания была женой Олега, содержится в Любецком синодике.

Биография

Происходила из знатного византийского рода Музалонов. О родителях отсутствуют сведения. Впрочем, есть упоминания, что Феофания была тёткой будущему патриарху Константинополя Николаю IV. По разным сведениям, 1079 или 1081 года вышла замуж за Олега Святославича, претендента на Чернигов. По разным свидетельствам, это произошло по настоянию императора Никифора III или Алексея I. В 1083 году вместе с мужем при поддержке византийского флота и войска прибыла в Крым, где Олег Святославович овладел Тмутараканским княжеством. Вероятно, влияние Феофании был довольно значительным в княжестве, поскольку она имела собственную печать, которая была найдена в 1912 году при археологических исследованиях Керчи. Там есть надпись «Господи, помоги своей рабыне Феофании, архонтісі России, Музалоніссі» (в настоящее время хранится в музее Эрмитаж, Российская Федерация). Благодаря византийской поддержке, обеспечивавшейся Феофанией, Олег сумел значительно укрепиться в Крыму и на Тамани. В то же время были обеспечены поставки продуктов и наемников в Константинополь.

Умерла Феофания около 1090 года.

Семья

Муж — Олег Святославич, князь Тмутараканский.

Дети:

1. Мария (? — 1146), жена Петра Властовича, палатина польского князя Болеслава III Кривоустого

Выдвигаются версии, что ее сыновьями были:

1. Всеволод (? — 1146), князь северский (1115—1127), черниговский (1127—1139), великий князь киевский (1139—1146)
2. Игорь (? — 1147), князь путивльский (1127—1142), берестейско-дорогичинський (1142—1146), великий князь киевский (1146)
3. Глеб (? — 1138), князь курский

Источники:

• Янин В. Л. Печати Феофано Музалон // Нумизматика и сфрагистика. — К., 1965. № 2. С. 76. (рус.)

Lemerle P. Cinq études sur le XIe siècle byzantin. P., 1977. P. 201—202, 231—232, 243.

• Гадло A. B. К истории Тмутороканского княжества во второй половине XI в. // Историко-археологическое изучение Древней Руси. Итоги и основные проблемы. Славянско-русские древности. Вып. 1.: — Л., 1988. — С. 204—213 (рус.)
• Войтович Л. В. 3.6. Святославичи. Черниговские, муромские и рязанские князья. // Княжеские династии Восточной Европы (конец IX — начало XVI вв.): состав, общественная и политическая роль. — Львов: Институт украиноведения
• Чхаидзе В. Н. Феофано Музалон: новые находки — старые открытия // Античная древность и средние века. Вып. 43. — Екатеринбург, 2015. — С. 289—319.