SNP trends for claimants Wabasha Circle at 8 29m

Wabasha I & Isomgosiono - Brother & Sister of Objiwe/Chipewa and Algonquian Parentage Dad of Isom: SENECA POWHATAN CIRCLE 8 29m - a very long list of claimants matching enrolled Seneca claiming currently, reputed and dna verified Father: Kitchie Nokay Snow Mountain Wáȟpe Šá III, Wazhazha Mdewakanton Dakota Chief . Source: Gale Torregrossa,, media section, photo of current Seneca cousins, enrolled, who claim the Powhatan in this connecting way of present kit matches on Matrix view Paskawo, gedcom/RE7076155
HomeSearchesFamily TreesMailing ListsMessage BoardsWeb SitesPasswordsHelp Nelson - Parent & Related Families in Britain, Québec, Europe and USA (Godden, Edwin, Hedges, Lavoie, Miersch, Valyer, etc.) Entries: 53254 Updated: 2009-04-26 23:37:20 UTC (Sun) Contact: Richard Nelson Home Page: My personal homepage (see other genealogy links below) This ongoing work in progress incorporates the research of many other individuals who have generously shared their information and GEDCOM files. Please verify all the data yourself. I've posted EVERYTHING I KNOW online, including notes. If someone is not listed, I won't know anymore than what's here! Additions and corrections (including research credits) with appropriate sources are encouraged. Si vous découvrez des erreurs ou si vous avez les détails qui manquent n'hésitez pas à me les faire connaître. Index | Descendancy | Register | Pedigree | Ahnentafel | Download GEDCOM | Public Profile | Add Post-em ID: I36217 Name: Wapasha I Sex: M ALIA: Chief /Wabasha/ Birth: ABT 1725 Death: 5 JAN 1806 in at a camp on the Root River in Houston County, Minnesota Event: Nickname Scarlet-Plume Event: Nickname La Feuille \\ Event: Nickname The Leaf \\ Occupation: Dakota Chief Note: Chief of the Wapasha Dynasty (Other spellings of the Wabasha name are Wapa sha, Wapahasha and Wapahasa) The webpage http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~wapasha/ has an extensive discussion on the the Wapasha Dynasty. "These three Chief's were variously identified as Wapasha, Wapahasha, Wahp ashaw, Wabashaw, and Wabasha, who prior to 1862 with their Mdewakanton peo ple, inhabited the region on this continent now identified as southeaste rn Minnesota. There was no established written language for the people w ho lived, hunted and roamed this area in an earlier era. Early writers com ing upon this bountiful place spelled their names as the names sound ed to them which resulted in various spellings. Inasmuch as there are no r ecorded evidence of births, marriages and deaths of these early Mdewakant on Dakota people, one must rely on family lore and various other recor ds to establish an approximate date of these three important family events ." A very good brief history of the three chiefs can be found in a transcript ion of a Steve Kerns article in the Winona Sunday News on November 14, 197 6, entitled "Explorers found hills, valleys alive with Indians". See: http ://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~wapasha/page_kerns.htm (not same as Wabasha I) Wapasha I (Abt. 1720 - January 5, 1806) Wapasha I was the son of a Dakota chief and a Chippewa princess. Born in approximately 1720, he was the eldest of two sons. Despite his Chippewa blood, Wapasha I led the Sioux in several battles with his mother's tribe. One such incident marks the first recorded reference of his name by the white men. After a band of Sioux warriors slew several Chippewa, a tribe which had be en promised protection by the French, Wapasha and those with him on the raid offered to submit to French justice in order to keep peace with the incoming military forces of the Europeans. On March 9, 1740, the action was recorded by the commander of the French garrison at Mackinac, Michigan. No retribution was taken against the Sioux. After military defeats at the hands of the British in the middle 1700s, the French began to withdraw from lands they had formerly held in the Mississippi River valley. The French had enjoyed the loyalty of the Indians, who aided them in their defeat with the British. After the French defeat, the English were both suspicious and fearful of the Indians. As a result, t here were no English trappers and traders bargaining with the Sioux. The Sioux had developed a dependency on such trade. They had become more accustomed to hunting with rifles than bows and arrows. Fur traded with French trappers brought provisions and ammunition and the Dakota found it difficult to survive without this commerce. Perhaps also fearing a war with the British, Wapasha I convened a council in 1763 to find a way to bring the British back to this area. Several i ncidents that took place during the French and Indian War made English trappers apprehensive about returning to the Mississippi River valley. One such incident took place in 1761. A Dakota named Ixkatapay had shot an English trader called Pagonta (Mallard Duck) by the Indians. The two had quarreled earlier, and Pagonta was reportedly killed while sitting in his cab in smoking. To appease the British, it was decided Ixkatapay would be turn ed over to them for the killing. Wapasha I led the party, composed of 1 00 men, to the English headquarters in Quebec. Wapasha's enthusiasm for peace with the English was shared by the tribe, b ut evidently this did not extend to submitting one of their own to the justice of the British. By the time Wapasha had reached Green Bay, Wisconsin, there were only six of the original 100 left, Wapasha and five braves. The others had drifted off in small groups. One of these deserting bands had taken Ixkatapay with them and returned to their homelands. Wapasha I and the remaining five continued to Quebec and offered themselves as surrogates for Ixkatapay in the English court. He explained the plig ht of his people and their desire for peace, and asked the British to return to the area. Taken with his courage, the British awarded the Dakota chief seven military medals, hanging one around his neck in a ceremony at t he fort. Trappers and traders soon returned to the area. During the American Revolution, the Sioux fought on the side of the British. Wapasha led his warriors against the Sauk and Fox forces which had sid ed with the rebelling colonists. In British military communiqués, he is referred to as General Wapasha. His aid in the British cause during the revolution was not forgotten. When he traveled to Montreal on one of his many visits to the British army commanders there, he was always greeted wi th the salute of a cannon. Wapasha I died of neck cancer January 5, 1806, at a camp on the Root River in Houston County, Minnesota. He was probably somewhere in his 80s when he died, ending a public career that spanned 66 years. -- Wapasha II (About 1773 - 1836) Sometime before his father's death, Wapasha II became the nominal he ad of the band. At first, he was low in stature among the members of the tribal council. Wapasha II was a strict abstainer from whiskey, enjoyed the arts of the while man's culture and tried to bring them to his people. Wapasha II was also a man of peace who tried to keep his people o ut of war. However, he was leader of the Dakota forces who backed the Brit ish in the War of 1812. Allied with other Indians, Wapasha and the Sioux took part in the unsuccessful siege of Fort Meigs, Ohio, in 1813. At the ti me, the fort was under the command of a young officer named William Henry Harrison, later to become President of the United States. After the Treaty of Ghent, signed December 24, 1814, the British invited a council made at Drummond Island, about 50 miles east of the Straits of Mackinac. After praising the Sioux for their valor and ability at war, the British offered them blankets, knives and food provisions as than ks for their efforts against the Americans. Wapasha II led the Dakota chiefs in their rejection of the gifts. The Sioux were told they would be cons ulted before the British signed any treaty with the United States. The Bri tish forces withdrew to Canada or back across the Atlantic Ocean. The Siou x, however, had nowhere to go. Wapasha angrily railed the British for betraying their trust and refused to accept their tokens of thanks. He led the chiefs back to their homes to try to promote peace between the white se ttlers and his people. Despite the fact both the Constitution of the United States and the Northwest Ordinance of 1782 explicitly stated the right of the Indians to hold their land, by 1825 the federal government was enacting a plan to move a ll Indians west of the Mississippi. The Northwest Ordinance states, "the utmost good faith shall always be observed towards the Indians. Their land shall never be taken from them without their consent; and their property rights and liberty shall never be invaded or disturbed unless in just a nd lawful war authorized by Congress; but laws founded in justice and huma nity shall, from time to time, be made for preventing wrongs being do ne to them and for preserving peace and friendship with them." In an attempt to stop the wars between the Chippewa and Dakota and to regu late other tribes the federal government convened a treaty meeting in Prai rie du Chien, Wisconsin in 1825. It included chiefs from the Sioux, Chippe wa, Sauk, Fox, Menominee, Iowa, Ottowa, Potawatomi, and Winnebago tribe s. One of the members of Wapasha's council aided the whites in arranging t he meeting, and traveled to several of the chiefs of different tribes to u rge them to attend. The boundaries set between tribes were vague, generally running along rivers. That made little difference, however. Within a few months of the treaty of Prairie du Chien, clashes again erupted. In 1830, Wapasha II signed a treaty ceding two tracts of land in southeast ern Minnesota near Caledonia and Worthington to the United States governme nt. The section near Caledonia was given to the Wisconsin Indians we st of the river. As some Indians in the eastern sections of Wisconsin and in Illinois rebelled, Wapasha II and the Sioux still remained on the side of the whites, as did many of the Winnebago of this area. During the Bl ackhawk War of 1832, though friction had erupted between some Sioux and t he officers at Fort Snelling near St. Paul, the Sioux fought with the soldiers against the Sauk Chief Black Hawk. Also about this time, the Winnebagoes of western Wisconsin had fired up on a boat in the Mississippi River after the fort at Prairie du Chien had been closed. The old enemies from the south, however, were stronger tar gets of wrath from the Sioux and Winnebagoes. Black Hawk and his band h ad set out to recover land along the Illinois and Rock Rivers. After suffering several defeats at the hands of the army, Black Hawk fled toward t he Mississippi River where he was met by Wapasha II and some Sioux who a ll but annihilated the Sauks. Black Hawk was finally captured after he fl ed down the Wisconsin River. Chief One- Eyed Decorah, the leader of the Wi nnebagoes centered around Black river Falls, Wisconsin apprehended him a nd turned the Sauk leader over to the Army. Those Sauk who survived, nearly all women and children, fled across the river to Iowa where Wapasha's band fell upon them again, slaughtering them while they were almost defense less. The massacre seems out of character for Wapasha. It should be mentio ned, however, that the Sauks were known to the Sioux for similar murdero us raids while the Sioux men were gone on hunting parties. About a year be fore the outbreak of the Black Hawk War, the Sauks had raided a Mdewakant on village along Money Creek in Houston County, Minnesota. The Sioux had m anaged to repulse the Sauks and freed captives that had been taken, amo ng them, Witoka, the daughter of one of the most honored of Wapasha's warr iors, Wahkondeatah. Wapasha II died at age 63 during a smallpox epidemic that swept through t he Mdewakanton Sioux in 1836. His son, Wapasha III, succeeded him as chie f. -- Wapasha III (About 1816 - April 23, 1876) Wapasha III is the best known of the Sioux chiefs in this area. He was we ll known for his red hat, and the red tone of the limestone formation on t he top of one of the bluffs above Keoxah (Winona, Minnesota) was called "Wapasha's Hat" by the early settlers. It is known as Sugar Loaf today. H is wife was named Wenonah, as was his eldest daughter. The name, in fac t, means eldest daughter. There is no record of Wapasha's daughter jumpi ng from Maiden Rock in Wisconsin. Wapasha III inherited many problems, which proved unsolvable from his poi nt of view, because of treaties his father had signed. In fact, the turmo il had already started from the second treaty of Prairie du Chien, sign ed in 1830. Under one of the treaty's provisions, a half-breed reservati on was to be established along the Mississippi River in what is presently parts of Goodhue, Wabasha and Winona counties in Minnesota. When the tr act was first assigned, it ran southwest from the present city of Red Win g, then extended through Wabasha County with the boundary line cutting through Chester Township, the town of Zumbro Falls, Hyde Park, Oakwood and Pl ainview townships. Cutting back toward the river, the boundary line included a portion of northwest Whitewater Township in Winona County. Marriage between Sioux and whites was not uncommon and there was a large number of h alf-breeds in the area. Both Indian agents and the Sioux requested the all otment of land for those of mixed blood. The establishment of the reservat ion was never completed, however. A treaty drawn in 1851 tried once aga in to set the land aside to those of mixed blood. In the 1851 arrangement, the federal government was to purchase the land for $150,000. T he U. S. Senate, however, struck the clause from the treaty. Script entitling the bearer to a certain amount of land had been passed out to half-breeds after the treaty provisions had been drawn up in 1830. Several disputes took place, most settled in favor of the "squatters." While this transpired in the territory formerly ruled by the Sioux, Chief Wap asha III was trying, like his father and grandfather, to keep his people out of wars. Like his ancestors, Wapasha III was shrewd and cautious and a skilled diplomat. But, in a little more than 10 years of his succession to chief, he would become involved in the first outright conflict over the removal of Indians from the western banks of the Mississippi. Further trouble came when the Wisconsin Winnebagoes were forced to move to the western side of the Mississippi and in 1846 forced to move agai n, this time up river to a new reservation north of St. Cloud, Minnesot a. Much resistance took place but eventually they began moving. Those traveling by water stopped at Wapasha's Prairie (now Winona, Minnesota). When joined by the land travelers, they decided to make camp along the slough now known as Lake Winona. As many whites were, the Winnebagoes were taken with the beauty of the area; they decided they wanted to settle on t he prairie and offered to purchase it from Wapasha III. The agents, back ed by the soldiers, ordered them to move. They paid no heed. The Winnebag o, the Sioux and the soldiers all prepared for battle. The Indians danced a war dance the second night of the confrontation but armed conflict d id not come. Disillusioned, the Winnebagoes headed up river. For his pa rt in the events, Wapasha was arrested and sent to the prison at Ft. Snelling. He was soon released, however. The Sioux were allowed to remain on their camps along the west bank of t he Mississippi River according to an 1853 amendment to the treaty of Prairie du Chien. Hunger coupled with the anger and frustration of the India ns resulted in what is called the Sioux Uprising of 1862. The Sioux led by a Mdewakanton chief named Little Crow, swept through t he southern part of Minnesota and the north sections of Iowa. By the ti me the Sioux were finally defeated, somewhere between 400 and 500 white me n, women and children had been killed. Reportedly, one of the first victims of the uprising was a trader who responded to the complaints of the Ind ians' plight by commenting, "As far as I'm concerned, they can eat grass ." His corpse was found with grass stuffed inside his mouth. The uprising lasted only about one month, the action of the army was swift and fi rm and no more merciful than the Sioux. Wapasha's effort in the uprising w as half-hearted. Eventually, he was sheltering whites and half-breeds in h is camp. He was one of the first to attempt a settlement of the short-lived war, opening contacts with the army while fighting was still at a peak. Approximately 1,200 Indians were eventually arrested. Most were Sioux. A five- man tribunal was established when 392 were brought to trial. Of these, 307 were sentenced to death and 16 given prison sentences. The list w as sent to President Lincoln for confirmation. Lincoln personally review ed the cases of all those given death sentences. Only 39 of the sentences were upheld, and one Sioux warrior was later reprieved. The remaining 38 were executed December 26, 1862, in a mass hanging at Mankato, Minnesota. The bodies were buried in shallow graves along the river, and Dr. William Mayo, whose sons founded the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, was among t he doctors who dug up some of the bodies to use as cadavers. Payment of all annuities to the Sioux were stopped and the money was given to settlers who had been victims of attacks during the uprising. Aft er spending the winter in a prison camp at Ft. Snelling, the remaind er of the Sioux were sent to reservations in Nebraska and South Dakota. Other Sioux were forced to those reservations by the army in 1863. Wapasha III died at the Santee Agency Reservation in Nebraska on April 2 3, 1876. He is said to have spent his last years in sorrow, pondering t he dissolution and degeneration of his people. -- Below is from Mark Diedrich's 2004 book "The Chiefs Wapahasha, Three Gener ations of Dakota Leadership, 1740-1876; http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~wapasha/page_hereditary.htm WAPAHASHA I The Leaf (often called) Red Standard or Banner Oubachas (by French-speakers) Sabache b. About 1718, near the head of the Rum River (central Minnesota) c. son (name unknown) killed by the Wahpekute Dakotas son Anpetuwakee (Daylight), son Necohundah (The Bear) - later became Wapahasha II daughter (name unknown), married Antoine Dubois daughter (name unknown), married Amable Grignon - then Francois LaBathe (a ka Michael LaBatt) daughter Marpiyahhotawin (Grey Cloud Woman), married James Aird daughter (name unknown), married Le Fils de Pinichon (mixed blood son of F rench trader Pinichon) daughter (name unknown), married Sunkaska (White Dog) d. January 5, 1806 -- WAPAHASHA II La Feuille (meaning The Leaf - by French-speakers) Necohundah (possible personal name) L'Ours (meaning The Bear or Mato - by Nicholas Boilvin) b. About 1768, maybe as early as 1760 in the Rice Creek village (present M inneapolis) m: first, a Ho-Chunk woman (killed in 1814) second, a sister of the Ho-Chunk chief, Winneshiek c: daughter (name unknown), married L'Arc daughter (name unknown), married Euhahkaakow (Last Man) daughter (Winona - died 11-1-1882), married Marpiyaketahpah niece (Margaret Dubois), married Joseph Rolette (who called Wapahasha "fat her-in-law") son Wapate (or Thomas Wabasha) b. circa 1813 son Tatepsin (Bounding Wind) b. about 1812 stepson Iyawakan d. 1836 -- WAPAHASHA III Tatepsin (Bounding Wind) Tahtapesaah (The Upsetting Wind) b. About 1812, possibly, Upper Iowa River, Wing Prairie, Red Cedar Riv er of Iowa or Mount Trempealeau c. son George, catechist of the Episcopal Church son John son Joseph, catechist of the Episcopal Church son Henry son Napoleon d. April 23, 1876 -- Alternative information from: http://www.rootsweb.com/~mnwabbio/wab8i.ht m. Under this reading, Wapasha I above is the same person as Wapashaw I II below. Name: Wapashaw I (Red Bonnet) Sex: M Birth: ABT 1656 in Mille Lacs County, Minnesota He was the son of Pine-Shooter and Opechanaoanough, born in the Mille Lacs area. (sic, Wabasha I was “Pineshooter”.) He married an Ojibwe woman and their son was Wapashaw II (b. abt. 1682). Written information on the earlier hereditary civil Mdewakantan Chie fs of the Wapashaw Dynasty are few, making it extremely difficult to compi le a biography. I am attempting to outline the info available in written f orm here but I am hoping those of you who have oral tradition on the fami ly will help me fill in the gaps and correct any errors in the page. Other names associated with the Wapashaw (Wabasha) name are: Wapasha, Wahp asha, Ouabacas. In 1640, nearly 40 years after the Europeans explored the northern North A merica east and west coasts, Jesuit Relation records this information: Je an Nicolet obtained on his visit (1634) to Green Bay, visiting the Winneba go - a Siouan tribe whose language and culture are more closely relat ed to the Iowa, Oto and Missouri Siouan tribes than the Sioux and document ing a tribe called "Naduesiu" to the west, the Algonquian name for the tri be meaning snakes - the French version of the name becoming Scioux or Siou x. The Winnebago name for their distant relatives, the Sioux, was Cah a. It was probably about this time that the Assiniboine split off from t he Yankton (Nakota) Sioux and migrate north into Cree lands. It appea rs by this time period the Winnebago have been cut off from their distant ly related Siouan tribes of the Iowa, Oto, Missouri and Sioux due no dou bt to the Iroquios wars in the east which forced the Algonquian trib es to migrate west. The Ojibwe into the north western Winnebago lands a nd the Fox/Sauk into the southwestern Winebago lands. In 1660 Radisson and Groseillier visited the Sioux and at this time peri od they were seeking the firearms that their enemy the Cree had already ob tained from the French and were using against them. Radisson later took ab out 50 Sioux on a peace mission to the Cree and at another time visited t he "nation of the beefe " or "Prairie Sioux" to the west. In 1671 the Sio ux drove the Ottawa-Huron refugees from the Mississippi valley. On 2 July 1679, Daniel Greysolon, Sieur du Luth (Duluth) visited the "Sioux of the Lakes" village on Mille Lacs called Izatys . This was a Santee S ioux or Dakota village. In the Spring of 1680, Michel Accault-Dacan, Antoi ne Dugay- Auguel dit Picard and Father Louis Hennipen were sent by LaSalle up the Mississippi to the Sioux. They were escorted by a Sioux war-par ty to the Izatys village on Mille Lacs. The principle Chief on Mille La cs was documented by Hennipen as Aquipaguitin. In 1695 Pierre LeSueur escorted Mdewakanton Chief Tioscate (Teeoskahta y) to Montreal for council. In 1700 Mdewakanton Chief Wankantape visited Pierre LeSueur on the Blue Earth River which is the southern tributary of the Minnesota River. Name: Wapashaw II (Snow Mountain) Sex: M Birth: ABT 1682 Father: Wapashaw I (Red Bonnet) b: ABT 1656 in Mille Lacs County, Minnesota’; Children Wapasha III Name: Wapasha III (Red Leaf) AKA: Lafeuille, Ouabachas Note: chief of the Mdewankanton (Santee Sioux Tribe) He was the son of Wapashaw II, born abt 1710 in the Cass Lake area. His children were: Wapashaw IV (b. abt.1773/76), Pelagia (b. abt.1779/81 a nd m. Augustin Ange dit St.Onge-Lefeure), Daughter (b.abt.1776 and m. Pierre Lapointe), Marpiyarotowin or "Grey Cloud" (d.1844 and m. James Aird, ab t.1783), Daughter (b. abt.1775 and m. Joseph La Rocque) and Margaret (m.1 st Antoine Dubois and m.2nd.Joseph Rolette). Wapashaw III was a Mdewakanton Civil-Chief until about 1776. In 1736 Wapas haw III was accused of killing a Frenchman in Illinois Country. In 1737 Fr ench traders were forced out of Sioux lands. In 1740 Wapashaw III met Paul Marin on the Rock River with Sinte z. Marin took them to Montreal counc il with Gov. Beauharnois. In the Spring of 1741 Ojibwe and Ottawa attack ed Dakota killing 7 at one location and 11 at another. In September 1741 a bout 200 Cree and Assiniboine attacked "Prairie Sioux." There were at lea st 70 Sioux warriors, as noted by La verndrye. In October of 1741 "Sio ux of the Lakes" Chief "Sacred- Born" visited Paul Marin to arrange a pea ce conference. At this time the Cree/Assiniboine and the Ojibwe/ Ottawa al liances were threatening the Sioux borders on the north and east. As a res ult, Sieur de LaRonde held an Ojibwe/Dakota peace council in 1741 at LaPoi nte. In January 1741 Marin held council with Dakota at the mouth of the Wi sconsin River and in July of 1742 Marin was in Montreal at council. Sacred -Born" and "Leaf-Shooter" represented the Mdewakanton Sioux and spoke of r aids on the "Prairie Sioux" which had killed 160 warriors. A peace was est ablish which seems to have lasted a while. About 1743-46, when word of t he new French war (King George's War) reached Michilimackinac, a gro up of voyageurs deserted the French for the far west, some living among t he Sioux. In 1746 Paul-Louis Dazenard, Sieur Lusignan (command of the Fren ch post at Green Bay) was with the Sioux, attempting to bring the deserting voyageur back east. He was unsuccessful but did return with four Dak ta Chief whom he takes to Montreal for a Council. During 1750-54 Paul Marin and his son Joseph re-established trade with t he Dakota. He helped the Dakota and Ojibwe negociate winter hunting ground s, giving the Ojibwe the right to use the Crow Wing Valley for the seas on of 1750- 51 and allowing the Lapointe Ojibwe to hunt to the west of their village to Sandy Lake until about 1754. During this period the Sioux co ntrolled the St. Croix and Chippewa Rivers (eastern tributaries of the Mississippi ) being the eastern Sioux borders, and the headwaters of the Miss issippi roughly defining their northern borders. In the fall of 1753, Paul was recalled back to the east. Joseph Marin lost control of his father's formerly held northern trading region to Joseph Leverendrye, the French commander at Lapointe, who claimed today's northern Minnesota for his own benefit . It appears that Leverendrye encouraged the Sioux northern and eastern neighboring tribes to trespass on Sioux lands to obtain furs and he seems to have hampered Marin's attemp ts to gain a peaceful alliance between the Sioux and their neighbors. By the spring of 1754, Marin was lead to believe the Sioux claimed the lands from the mouth of the Wisconsin River, north to Leech Lake and most of t he Mississippi tributaries between. He also learned that the Sioux intend ed to put a stop to the Ojibwe use of their lands and it appears as if peace had come to an end. In 1754/55 the Sioux were in Montreal for a council. At the outbreak of the French and Indian War in 1754, French trade rs in Sioux lands were recalled to the east. About 1756 Wapashaw was in Montreal, offering himself for the murder of an English trader killed by ano ther Dakota. In the spring of 1766, Alexander Henry was with the Ojibwe on Lake Superi or and learned of a battle between about 400 Ojibwe and 600 Sioux. The Oji bwe lost 35 warriors. Jonathan Carver also left Michilimackinac for Sioux Country. About 1770 the Ojibwe center of trade was moved from Lapoin te to Sandy Lake. In the spring of 1774, Peter Pond was trading with the Dakota on the Minnesota River and documents an increase in Ojibwe-Dakota fighting. The next spring the two tribes met in council at the mouth of th at river and reached an agreement that each would stay on their side of t he Mississippi. In 1775 de Peyster held a council with the Sioux, sendi ng Wapashaw and other Sioux representatives to Montreal. In 1778 Charles G autier de Verville visited the Mdewakanton on the Upper St.Croix River a nd noted the Wahpetons moving closer to the mouth of the Minnesota Rive r. In 1778 Wapashaw visited Montreal and received a British General 's commission. In July of 1779 he was at Michilimackinac. In 1779-81 smallpox st ruck the Sioux villages. In the summer of 1780, Wapashaw led his warriors on a attack on St. Lou is for the British. In July 1781, Spanish trader Pierre Dorion return ed to St. Louis with six Sioux Chiefs for a council with Lt. Gov. Cruzat. In 1783 George McBeath was sent by Mackinac commander Capt. Dan'l Robertson to hold a council at Prairie du Chien when British announced an end to the war. He met with the Sioux there in May of that year. Between 17 83 and 1805 they moved their village to near the mouth of the Upper Iowa River. 1784 Joseph Calve was sent to hold council at Prairie du Chien by Robertson. In July of 1786 Joseph Ainse, representing the British Indi an De partment, held a council at Prairie du Chien where the Sioux were re presented. In July of 1787, Wapashaw's son led Mdewakanton warriors again st Ojibwe, as others were negotiating a peace between the tribes. In 1788 Jean Bte. Perrault was trading on a tributary of the Wisconsin River, bartering rum for fur with members of Wapashaw's village. Name: Wapashaw IV (Red Leaf) Sex: M Birth: ABT 1770 Death: 1836, Smallpox ALIA: Lefeuille, "One-Eye" Father: Wapasha III (Red Leaf) b: ABT 1710 in Cas Lake Marriage 1 Unknown Children Wabasha V b: ABT 1800 in Winona co, Minnesota, USA In May of 1805, Robert Dickson accompanied Eastern Sioux, including 30 rep resentatives of Upper Mississippi and Des Moine River Sioux, to hold council with American General James Wilkinson. In 1815 Wapashaw and Little Cr ow visit the British on Lake Huron. In 1816 he was at British council on Drummond Is. with Little-Crow. In 1817, the civil Chief, sub-Chief Wazzacoo ta, of the Mdewakanton village was at Prairie aux Ailes (Winona, Minnesota ), when the American officer Stephen H. Long arrived. In 1823, Keating, w ho was on S. H. Long's second expedition into the area, met Wapashaw IV near Winona, Minnesota and described him as "...The Chief is about 50 yea rs old, but appears older. His prominent features are good and indicative of great acuteness and an observing disposition; his stature is lo w; he has long been one of the most influential of the Dakota Indians, mo re perhaps from his talents in council than his achievements in the field. .." In the summer of 1836, Wapashaw IV died of smallpox. These comments are from a chat with Chris Miller, collector and research er of the Wabasha-Winona area: Chris: I have been trying to verify from my research that Wapasha II start ed the Keoxa camp (Winona), and not Wapasha I or someone before that. T he numbering here is confusing. I think the researcher should rename his first few Wabashas and fix the numbers just because it contradicts everyo ne else. Barbara: He calls Wabasha I "Red Bonnet" when I thought that was Wabasha I I, and he calls Wab IV "One-Eye" when I thought that was Wab II, also. Chris: He takes "our" Wabasha III and calls him Wabasha V. He names "our" eyepatch Wabasha II as Wabasha IV when the one he is the son of is cert ainly "our" Wabasha I. I've found more contradictions. Claims of Wapasha I II being known for his red hat (never seen a pic with him with one on). Claims that Wapasha's Cap which became Sugar Loaf is one of the Afton hills near Hastings (nothing to do with Winona). I've seen variations of th is one: Wapasha and another chief (not sure, could have been Red Wing) we’re having a dispute at at Red Wing. During it, a wind came and blew his h at away. Wapasha's band went down south a ways and found that the hat and come to rest and had turned into a mountain (Sugar Loaf at Winona). Another legend has a dispute among the Dakota, but the result is that a single mountain splits into Barn Bluff and Sugar Loaf (the Loaf part drifting down river). In December 2006 I wrote the following to Dale Ebersold, webchief@charter. net: Subject: Chief Wapasha a brother to Etoukasahwee? I noticed your interesting website at http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb. com/~wapasha Any help you can give on the following would be useful. According to sever al posted accounts written in 1947 by Sophie Brunson Eddy, "Wabasha, the g reat chief of the Sioux had several sisters, one who married a Canadian Fr enchman [Pierre LaPointe]. Her name was Etoukasahwee." Through Etoukasahwee's daughter, Pelagie LaPointe who married Antoine LaCh apelle, comes the LaChapelle line I am am researching. How reliable is that linkage of Etoukasahwee as the sister of Chief Wabash a? If accurate would that be Wabasha I? Etoukasahwee's parents are listed as Kadawibida [Kadowaubeda] and Obeneges hipequaq. Kadowaubeda (Broken-Tooth or DeBreche), was a long time Ojibwe C hief of the Sandy Lake village whose family belonged to the Ahahwauk (Loo n) totem or clan. Kadowaubeda aka Broken Tooth aka DeBreche (1750-1828) of Sandy Lake, s on of Biauswah II, was at the taking of Michilimackinac. He married Obeneg eshipequag. His sons were Mongozid (Loons Foot), Kahnindumawinjo/Kanandawa winzo and Suqutaugun and daughters Charlotte who married Charles Oakes Erm itinger, Nancy (Keneesequa) born 1793 married 1822/23 Samuel Ashmun a nd a daughter who married Hole in the Day. He was principle spokespers on at Sandy Lake before 1805. The name DeBreche attributed to him is like ly one of his sons as it was used at the signing of treaty in 1837 at Fo rt Snelling after his death. Father: Bajasswa Bi-aus-wah b: 1770 Marriage 1 Obenegeshipequaq Children Chief Mangusid b: 1727 Chief Wabasha Kahnindaumwinjo Kanandawawinzo Suqutaugun Keneesequa Daughter Etoukasahwee Marriage 2 Ombemegeshigoqua Children Charlotte Kalwabide b: ABT 1785 Source: http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi- bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=ourfamilytree&id =I3 His reply in January 2007 Re: Chief Wapasha a brother to Etoukasahwee? is as follows: Richard, I finally have been able to get back to my WAPASHA DYNASTY website and also get caught up with eMail related to it. I have been unable to find any authentic research on the Wapasha lineage earlier than the Chief Wapasha (b. abt 1718, d. 5 Jan 1806) who is commonly referred to as Wapasha I in southern Minnesota history. Each of the Chiefs Wapasha had personal names and upon becoming Chief assumed the name Wapasha which was more of a title than name. I have only found one sister of this Wapasha I who married a Joseph Rocque by the name of LaBleu as she is referred to in early French trader civil records. Are you related to Dale F. Nelson? (Editor--No). He has a website athttp://users.usinternet.com/dfnels/wabasha-zip.htm and appears to have completed research earlier than Wapasha I mentioned above. He actually "renumbers" the Chiefs finding two earlier Wapasha's.

The commonly referred to Wapasha I is his Wapasha III. I had tried several times in the past to contact him to exchange information, but never received a reply. The extent of my Wapasha research and/or knowledge is all on the website you came across. I do not have access to better research on the Wapasha line here in southern Indiana. I have maintained THE WAPASHA DYNASTY website to allow others to add to it in hopes of one day piecing it all together. Sorry I could not have been of more help, Dale Father: Kadawibida b: ABT 1710 Mother: Obenegeshipequaq Marriage 1 Spouse Unknown Children Has No Children Mniokadawin Has Children Daughter of Wapasha I Index | Descendancy | Register | Pedigree | Ahnentafel | Download GEDCOM | Public Profile | Add Post-em Thanks to Neil Harvey, Guy Parent, Nancy Keizer, Linda Noll, Ha

---

Pineshooter was born 20 years after the Powhatan mother of this tree as it is reported. This 1630 time is too old to be the spouse of Isomgosiono, This profile is the appointed and relocated Chief of the Powhatan; used by British to establish trade networks through marriage with Midwest natives as son of the Powhatan. 1. Dakota-Lakota-Nakota are Sioux 2. Dakota were the intermarried trade crossroads of all nations where the Mother of Nations, descendant of Jikohnsaseh (skywoman bloodline) dwelt. 3. Traders intermarried heavily with the Dakota to build relationships and learn the extensive trade network into Canada Assiniboine (stoney-sioux) and Huron (Saulteaux-sioux), all Haudenosaunee. 4. Dakota were Matrilineal with clan mothers marrying many men to build alliances through birth with principle leadership of all trading nations.

The Red Leaf separated from a nation, was the son of the Powhatan Namontack who was traded to Colonialist and used to build alliances with Native American tribes, the wife of Opechan Stream Cornstalk and many others, Wáȟpe šá went and saw Queen Anne in search of his mothers homeland where he impregnated her with his son Wáȟpe šá Red War Bonnet. This story carried through family oral tradition as the origin of the Wáȟpe šá bloodline.

As shared by Chippewa grandmother; Red Bonnet was the son of Queen Betsy Anne when Chief Pineshooter Wáȟpe šá went looking for his parents family and found the widowed Queen Anne, they were nearly the same age, and Pine Shooter mother was Namontack was fairly certain his father was Opechancanough like they say, she did not die, it is the relocated Powhatan line. RED LEAF means they were separated from the TREE! The dislocated Powhatan family sought to merge with the Lakota and the Ojibwa. The Red Leaf family intermarried with Ojibway Chief Mamongazida of Chequamoigen Bay to the north and Lakota Chief Red Cloud of the south, the Red Leaf family served as intermediary between the warring nations, two trading families of the Dakotas.

Some new information here Town in Minnesota named for him, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wabasha,_Minnesota. Wapasha. --

"Welcome to RootsWeb.com Sign in Red (War) Bonnet, son of Pine­shooter Wabasha and an Ojibwe woman, said to have been the grandson of Opechancanough's daughter; her name unknown, I have seen it listed as "Nickeretti". "Opechancanough was the brother of the Powhatan of the algonquians in virginia who was called Wahunsenacawh...the father of "Pocahontas" Matoaka Rebecca Rolfe. I too am descended from Red Leaf. I too am from the same Laroque/Bibeau line and I am also from Marianne and Francois Antoine Bibeau. From what I have been able to find is that she is the daughter of Basile Couillaud Larocque b: ABT 1765 and Catherine Brunet b: ABT 1780. She was the daughter of Jean­Baptiste Brunet and Catherine Gauthier b: ABT 1759 & m: ABT 1775. She is the daughter of Charles Gauthier de Vierville and Catherine LaFontaine/Sioux Panis the slave of Charles de Langlade. Chief Wabasha III (Red Leaf) b: ABT 1700 ­ 1720 in the Cass Lake area is the brother of Catherine LaFantaisie. Wabasha III is the son of Wabasha II (Snow Mountain) b: ABT 1682 & a Ojibwe woman born around Mille Lacs, the son of Wapasha I (Red Bonnet) b: ABT 1656. Red Bonnet was the son of Pine­Shooter & Opechancanough an Ojibwe woman born in the Mille Lacs area. I have several written bio's to back up what I believe to be true and I can FAX them to DISCOVER MORE >

Kitchie Nokay Snow Mountain Wáȟpe Šá III, Wazhazha Mdewakanton Dakota Chief

http://www.redriverancestry.ca/OJIBWE-SIOUX-BEGINNINGS.php

http://oyate1.proboards.com/thread/2439/request

https://www.ancestry.com.au/search/collections/mediaphotopublic/?na...

https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/46933383/susanne-istagiwin-graham

O'Jibway Nation Grand-Chiefs

The Wazhazha Mdewakanton of the O'Jibway Nation is ceremonial. The current lineal Wazhazha Mdewakanton Grand-Chief of the O'Jibway Nation is shared by twins Chetañ aken mañi and Wazhazha Mdewakanton Grand Chief of the O'Jibway Nation Midegah Ogichidaa, Niibwaskaa, and Midegah are the direct grandchildren of Chief Gijigossekot Giizhig-gosigwad Great Thunderbird, Wazhazha Mdewakanton. The O'Jibway Nation traces back 2000 years as a collection of Nations who unified and worked collectively to establish trade, family unity, among the Haudenosaunee, Anishinaabemowin, Algonquin descendants of the Great Lakes. Ojibwa, also spelled Ojibwe or Ojibway, also called Chippewa, self-name Anishinaabe, Algonquian-speaking North American Indian tribe who lived in what are now Ontario and Manitoba, Can., and Minnesota and North Dakota, U.S., from Lake Huron westward onto the Plains. [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ojibwa]

22. Jiisakiiwigaan Patrice "Pat" Elmer Brunelle (1965-1989)

21. O'Jibway Nation Grand Chief Thomas Little Shell IV "Little Crow" Pierre Kiyon, Wazhazha Mdewakanton (1903-1965)

20. O'Jibway Nation Grand Chief Ayabe-Way-We-Tung Apitwewitu Little Shell III "Little Crow" Thomas (Peter Cochelle) Wenis, Long Voice, Egec, Wazhazha Mdewakanton (1872-1903)

19. Aisaince III Weesh-e-damo "Tacgitcit Split Rump" Little Shell II (1813-1872)

18. O'Jibway Nation Grand Chief Black Duck Makadeshib Lerat, Wazhazha Mdewakanton (1811-1813)

17. Joseph Lenau/L’Hereaux (1790-1804)

16. Wakiŋyaŋtaŋka “Big Thunder” Chetañ aken mañi "Petit Corbeau"

15. Gay Tay Menomin Old Wild Rice (Red Wing I)

14. Kaŋgidaŋ Petit Corbeau I (Little Crow II)

13. Wazhazha Mdewakanton Dakota Grand Chief Delonais Wakute Wazican Red Leaf I Wáȟpe šá I (Wáȟpe šá) Chief Delonaise Wáȟpe Šá IV Songab Okichita "Ojibwaince"

12. O'Jibway Nation Grand Chief Chief White Crane (Waub-Uj-Jauk) "White Fisher" "King Fisher" Waishkey, Wazhazha Mdewakanton

11. O'Jibway Nation Grand Chief Mamaangĕzide "Loons Foot" "Big Foot", Wazhazha Mdewakanton

10. Kahdewahbeday "Broken Tooth" Kautahwaubets Brushette/Waishkey

9. Sandy Lake Ojibwe Chief Chief Biauswah II Bayaaswaa "The Dry One" Bajasswa Thomme Qui Faitsecher

8. Chief Biauswah I Bayaaswaa Matchiwaijan Thomme Qui Porte Une Grande Peau, The Great Skin

7. Chief Jos Ojiibway, Reindeer Dynasty

6. O'Jibway Nation Grand Chief Wajawadajkoa a cause qu'il avait la peau bien rouge, Wazhazha Mdewakanton

5. O'Jibway Nation Grand Chief Wajki Weshki The Great Firstborn, Wazhazha Mdewakanton

4. O'Jibway Nation Grand Chief Schawanagijik Shahwanegeshick Zhaawano-giizhig The Southern Sky le ciel du sud, Wazhazha Mdewakanton

3. Chief Mitiguakosh Timber Sprout le bec de bois

2. Chief Miskwandibagan Red Skull thomme a la tete rouge

1. Chief Gijigossekot Giizhig-gosigwad Great Thunderbird, Wazhazha Mdewakanton

Last O'Jibway Nation Country Mother: Techomehgood Machequayaince Mah Je Gwoz Since Marguerite Bottineau daughter of Wazhazha Mdewakanton Dakota Grand Chief Chief Delonaise Wáȟpe Šá IV Songab Okichita "Ojibwaince"; sister of Chief of the Chippewas Pierre Misco Mahqua DeCoteau, Misko-Makwa Red Bear I, son of Sandy Lake Ojibwe Chief Chief Biauswah II Bayaaswaa "The Dry One" Bajasswa Thomme Qui Faitsecher

---

Some new information here

https://www.bokus.com/bok/9780359281022/the-seed-of-a-metis-warrior...

Town in Minnesota named for him, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wabasha,_Minnesota. Wapasha.
--

"Welcome to RootsWeb.com Sign in Red (War) Bonnet, son of Pine­shooter Wabasha and an Ojibwe woman, said to have been the grandson of Opechancanough's daughter; her name unknown, I have seen it listed as "Nickeretti". "Opechancanough was the brother of the Powhatan of the algonquians in virginia who was called Wahunsenacawh...the father of "Pocahontas" Matoaka Rebecca Rolfe. I too am descended from Red Leaf. I too am from the same Laroque/Bibeau line and I am also from Marianne and Francois Antoine Bibeau. From what I have been able to find is that she is the daughter of Basile Couillaud Larocque b: ABT 1765 and Catherine Brunet b: ABT 1780. She was the daughter of Jean­Baptiste Brunet and Catherine Gauthier b: ABT 1759 & m: ABT 1775. She is the daughter of Charles Gauthier de Vierville and Catherine LaFontaine/Sioux Panis the slave of Charles de Langlade. Chief Wabasha III (Red Leaf) b: ABT 1700 ­ 1720 in the Cass Lake area is the brother of Catherine LaFantaisie. Wabasha III is the son of Wabasha II (Snow Mountain) b: ABT 1682 & a Ojibwe woman born around Mille Lacs, the son of Wapasha I (Red Bonnet) b: ABT 1656. Red Bonnet was the son of Pine­Shooter & Opechancanough an Ojibwe woman born in the Mille Lacs area. I have several written bio's to back up what I believe to be true and I can FAX them to DISCOVER MORE >

HomeSearchesFamily TreesMailing ListsMessage BoardsWeb SitesPasswordsHelp

Nelson - Parent & Related Families in Britain, Québec, Europe and USA (Godden, Edwin, Hedges, Lavoie, Miersch, Valyer, etc.)

Entries: 53254 Updated: 2009-04-26 23:37:20 UTC (Sun) Contact: Richard Nelson Home Page: My personal homepage (see other genealogy links below) This ongoing work in progress incorporates the research of many other individuals who have generously shared their information and GEDCOM files. Please verify all the data yourself. I've posted EVERYTHING I KNOW online, including notes. If someone is not listed, I won't know anymore than what's here! Additions and corrections (including research credits) with appropriate sources are encouraged. Si vous découvrez des erreurs ou si vous avez les détails qui manquent n'hésitez pas à me les faire connaître. Index | Descendancy | Register | Pedigree | Ahnentafel | Download GEDCOM | Public Profile | Add Post-em ID: I36217 Name: Wapasha I Sex: M ALIA: Chief /Wabasha/ Birth: ABT 1725 Death: 5 JAN 1806 in at a camp on the Root River in Houston County, Minnesota Event: Nickname Scarlet-Plume Event: Nickname La Feuille \\ Event: Nickname The Leaf \\ Occupation: Dakota Chief Note: Chief of the Wapasha Dynasty (Other spellings of the Wabasha name are Wapa sha, Wapahasha and Wapahasa) The webpage http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~wapasha/ has an exten sive discussion on the the Wapasha Dynasty. "These three Chief's were variously identified as Wapasha, Wapahasha, Wahp ashaw, Wabashaw, and Wabasha, who prior to 1862 with their Mdewakanton peo ple, inhabited the region on this continent now identified as southeaste rn Minnesota. There was no established written language for the people w ho lived, hunted and roamed this area in an earlier era. Early writers com ing upon this bountiful place spelled their names as the names sound ed to them which resulted in various spellings. Inasmuch as there are no r ecorded evidence of births, marriages and deaths of these early Mdewakant on Dakota people, one must rely on family lore and various other recor ds to establish an approximate date of these three important family events ." A very good brief history of the three chiefs can be found in a transcript ion of a Steve Kerns article in the Winona Sunday News on November 14, 197 6, entitled "Explorers found hills, valleys alive with Indians". See: http ://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~wapasha/page_kerns.htm Wapasha I (Abt. 1720 - January 5, 1806) Wapasha I was the son of a Dakota chief and a Chippewa princess. Born in a pproximately 1720, he was the eldest of two sons. Despite his Chippewa blo od, Wapasha I led the Sioux in several battles with his mother's tribe. O ne such incident marks the first recorded reference of his name by the whi te men. After a band of Sioux warriors slew several Chippewa, a tribe which had be en promised protection by the French, Wapasha and those with him on the ra id offered to submit to French justice in order to keep peace with the inc oming military forces of the Europeans. On March 9, 1740, the action was r ecorded by the commander of the French garrison at Mackinac, Michiga n. No retribution was taken against the Sioux. After military defeats at the hands of the British in the middle 1700s, t he French began to withdraw from lands they had formerly held in the Missi ssippi River valley. The French had enjoyed the loyalty of the Indians, w ho aided them in their defeat with the British. After the French defeat, t he English were both suspicious and fearful of the Indians. As a result, t here were no English trappers and traders bargaining with the Sioux. The S ioux had developed a dependency on such trade. They had become more accust omed to hunting with rifles than bows and arrows. Fur traded with French t rappers brought provisions and ammunition and the Dakota found it difficu lt to survive without this commerce. Perhaps also fearing a war with the British, Wapasha I convened a counc il in 1763 to find a way to bring the British back to this area. Several i ncidents that took place during the French and Indian War made English tra ppers apprehensive about returning to the Mississippi River valley. One su ch incident took place in 1761. A Dakota named Ixkatapay had shot an Engli sh trader called Pagonta (Mallard Duck) by the Indians. The two had quarre led earlier, and Pagonta was reportedly killed while sitting in his cab in smoking. To appease the British, it was decided Ixkatapay would be turn ed over to them for the killing. Wapasha I led the party, composed of 1 00 men, to the English headquarters in Quebec. Wapasha's enthusiasm for peace with the English was shared by the tribe, b ut evidently this did not extend to submitting one of their own to the jus tice of the British. By the time Wapasha had reached Green Bay, Wisconsi n, there were only six of the original 100 left, Wapasha and five brave s. The others had drifted off in small groups. One of these deserting ban ds had taken Ixkatapay with them and returned to their homelands. Wapasha I and the remaining five continued to Quebec and offered themselv es as surrogates for Ixkatapay in the English court. He explained the plig ht of his people and their desire for peace, and asked the British to retu rn to the area. Taken with his courage, the British awarded the Dakota chi ef seven military medals, hanging one around his neck in a ceremony at t he fort. Trappers and traders soon returned to the area. During the American Revolution, the Sioux fought on the side of the Britis h. Wapasha led his warriors against the Sauk and Fox forces which had sid ed with the rebelling colonists. In British military communiqués, he is re ferred to as General Wapasha. His aid in the British cause during the revo lution was not forgotten. When he traveled to Montreal on one of his ma ny visits to the British army commanders there, he was always greeted wi th the salute of a cannon. Wapasha I died of neck cancer January 5, 1806, at a camp on the Root Riv er in Houston County, Minnesota. He was probably somewhere in his 80s wh en he died, ending a public career that spanned 66 years.
--
Wapasha II (About 1773 - 1836) Sometime before his father's death, Wapasha II became the nominal he ad of the band. At first, he was low in stature among the members of the t ribal council. Wapasha II was a strict abstainer from whiskey, enjoyed t he arts of the while man's culture and tried to bring them to his peopl e. Wapasha II was also a man of peace who tried to keep his people o ut of war. However, he was leader of the Dakota forces who backed the Brit ish in the War of 1812. Allied with other Indians, Wapasha and the Sioux t ook part in the unsuccessful siege of Fort Meigs, Ohio, in 1813. At the ti me, the fort was under the command of a young officer named William Hen ry Harrison, later to become President of the United States. After the Treaty of Ghent, signed December 24, 1814, the British invit ed a council made at Drummond Island, about 50 miles east of the Strai ts of Mackinac. After praising the Sioux for their valor and ability at wa r, the British offered them blankets, knives and food provisions as than ks for their efforts against the Americans. Wapasha II led the Dakota chie fs in their rejection of the gifts. The Sioux were told they would be cons ulted before the British signed any treaty with the United States. The Bri tish forces withdrew to Canada or back across the Atlantic Ocean. The Siou x, however, had nowhere to go. Wapasha angrily railed the British for betr aying their trust and refused to accept their tokens of thanks. He led t he chiefs back to their homes to try to promote peace between the white se ttlers and his people. Despite the fact both the Constitution of the United States and the Northw est Ordinance of 1782 explicitly stated the right of the Indians to hold t heir land, by 1825 the federal government was enacting a plan to move a ll Indians west of the Mississippi. The Northwest Ordinance states, "the u tmost good faith shall always be observed towards the Indians. Their la nd shall never be taken from them without their consent; and their proper ty rights and liberty shall never be invaded or disturbed unless in just a nd lawful war authorized by Congress; but laws founded in justice and huma nity shall, from time to time, be made for preventing wrongs being do ne to them and for preserving peace and friendship with them." In an attempt to stop the wars between the Chippewa and Dakota and to regu late other tribes the federal government convened a treaty meeting in Prai rie du Chien, Wisconsin in 1825. It included chiefs from the Sioux, Chippe wa, Sauk, Fox, Menominee, Iowa, Ottowa, Potawatomi, and Winnebago tribe s. One of the members of Wapasha's council aided the whites in arranging t he meeting, and traveled to several of the chiefs of different tribes to u rge them to attend. The boundaries set between tribes were vague, general ly running along rivers. That made little difference, however. Within a f ew months of the treaty of Prairie du Chien, clashes again erupted. In 1830, Wapasha II signed a treaty ceding two tracts of land in southeast ern Minnesota near Caledonia and Worthington to the United States governme nt. The section near Caledonia was given to the Wisconsin Indians we st of the river. As some Indians in the eastern sections of Wisconsin a nd in Illinois rebelled, Wapasha II and the Sioux still remained on the si de of the whites, as did many of the Winnebago of this area. During the Bl ackhawk War of 1832, though friction had erupted between some Sioux and t he officers at Fort Snelling near St. Paul, the Sioux fought with the sold iers against the Sauk Chief Black Hawk. Also about this time, the Winnebagoes of western Wisconsin had fired up on a boat in the Mississippi River after the fort at Prairie du Chien h ad been closed. The old enemies from the south, however, were stronger tar gets of wrath from the Sioux and Winnebagoes. Black Hawk and his band h ad set out to recover land along the Illinois and Rock Rivers. After suffe ring several defeats at the hands of the army, Black Hawk fled toward t he Mississippi River where he was met by Wapasha II and some Sioux who a ll but annihilated the Sauks. Black Hawk was finally captured after he fl ed down the Wisconsin River. Chief One- Eyed Decorah, the leader of the Wi nnebagoes centered around Black river Falls, Wisconsin apprehended him a nd turned the Sauk leader over to the Army. Those Sauk who survived, near ly all women and children, fled across the river to Iowa where Wapasha's b and fell upon them again, slaughtering them while they were almost defense less. The massacre seems out of character for Wapasha. It should be mentio ned, however, that the Sauks were known to the Sioux for similar murdero us raids while the Sioux men were gone on hunting parties. About a year be fore the outbreak of the Black Hawk War, the Sauks had raided a Mdewakant on village along Money Creek in Houston County, Minnesota. The Sioux had m anaged to repulse the Sauks and freed captives that had been taken, amo ng them, Witoka, the daughter of one of the most honored of Wapasha's warr iors, Wahkondeatah. Wapasha II died at age 63 during a smallpox epidemic that swept through t he Mdewakanton Sioux in 1836. His son, Wapasha III, succeeded him as chie f.
--
Wapasha III (About 1816 - April 23, 1876) Wapasha III is the best known of the Sioux chiefs in this area. He was we ll known for his red hat, and the red tone of the limestone formation on t he top of one of the bluffs above Keoxah (Winona, Minnesota) was called "W apasha's Hat" by the early settlers. It is known as Sugar Loaf today. H is wife was named Wenonah, as was his eldest daughter. The name, in fac t, means eldest daughter. There is no record of Wapasha's daughter jumpi ng from Maiden Rock in Wisconsin. Wapasha III inherited many problems, which proved unsolvable from his poi nt of view, because of treaties his father had signed. In fact, the turmo il had already started from the second treaty of Prairie du Chien, sign ed in 1830. Under one of the treaty's provisions, a half-breed reservati on was to be established along the Mississippi River in what is present ly parts of Goodhue, Wabasha and Winona counties in Minnesota. When the tr act was first assigned, it ran southwest from the present city of Red Win g, then extended through Wabasha County with the boundary line cutting thr ough Chester Township, the town of Zumbro Falls, Hyde Park, Oakwood and Pl ainview townships. Cutting back toward the river, the boundary line includ ed a portion of northwest Whitewater Township in Winona County. Marriage b etween Sioux and whites was not uncommon and there was a large number of h alf-breeds in the area. Both Indian agents and the Sioux requested the all otment of land for those of mixed blood. The establishment of the reservat ion was never completed, however. A treaty drawn in 1851 tried once aga in to set the land aside to those of mixed blood. In the 1851 arrangemen t, the federal government was to purchase the land for $150,000. T he U. S. Senate, however, struck the clause from the treaty. Script entitling the bearer to a certain amount of land had been passed o ut to half-breeds after the treaty provisions had been drawn up in 1830. S everal disputes took place, most settled in favor of the "squatters." Whi le this transpired in the territory formerly ruled by the Sioux, Chief Wap asha III was trying, like his father and grandfather, to keep his people o ut of wars. Like his ancestors, Wapasha III was shrewd and cautious a nd a skilled diplomat. But, in a little more than 10 years of his successi on to chief, he would become involved in the first outright conflict ov er the removal of Indians from the western banks of the Mississippi. Further trouble came when the Wisconsin Winnebagoes were forced to mo ve to the western side of the Mississippi and in 1846 forced to move agai n, this time up river to a new reservation north of St. Cloud, Minnesot a. Much resistance took place but eventually they began moving. Those trav eling by water stopped at Wapasha's Prairie (now Winona, Minnesota). Wh en joined by the land travelers, they decided to make camp along the slou gh now known as Lake Winona. As many whites were, the Winnebagoes were tak en with the beauty of the area; they decided they wanted to settle on t he prairie and offered to purchase it from Wapasha III. The agents, back ed by the soldiers, ordered them to move. They paid no heed. The Winnebag o, the Sioux and the soldiers all prepared for battle. The Indians danc ed a war dance the second night of the confrontation but armed conflict d id not come. Disillusioned, the Winnebagoes headed up river. For his pa rt in the events, Wapasha was arrested and sent to the prison at Ft. Snell ing. He was soon released, however. The Sioux were allowed to remain on their camps along the west bank of t he Mississippi River according to an 1853 amendment to the treaty of Prair ie du Chien. Hunger coupled with the anger and frustration of the India ns resulted in what is called the Sioux Uprising of 1862. The Sioux led by a Mdewakanton chief named Little Crow, swept through t he southern part of Minnesota and the north sections of Iowa. By the ti me the Sioux were finally defeated, somewhere between 400 and 500 white me n, women and children had been killed. Reportedly, one of the first victi ms of the uprising was a trader who responded to the complaints of the Ind ians' plight by commenting, "As far as I'm concerned, they can eat grass ." His corpse was found with grass stuffed inside his mouth. The uprisi ng lasted only about one month, the action of the army was swift and fi rm and no more merciful than the Sioux. Wapasha's effort in the uprising w as half-hearted. Eventually, he was sheltering whites and half-breeds in h is camp. He was one of the first to attempt a settlement of the short-liv ed war, opening contacts with the army while fighting was still at a peak. Approximately 1,200 Indians were eventually arrested. Most were Sioux. A f ive- man tribunal was established when 392 were brought to trial. Of thes e, 307 were sentenced to death and 16 given prison sentences. The list w as sent to President Lincoln for confirmation. Lincoln personally review ed the cases of all those given death sentences. Only 39 of the sentenc es were upheld, and one Sioux warrior was later reprieved. The remaini ng 38 were executed December 26, 1862, in a mass hanging at Mankato, Minne sota. The bodies were buried in shallow graves along the river, and Dr. Wi lliam Mayo, whose sons founded the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, was among t he doctors who dug up some of the bodies to use as cadavers. Payment of all annuities to the Sioux were stopped and the money was giv en to settlers who had been victims of attacks during the uprising. Aft er spending the winter in a prison camp at Ft. Snelling, the remaind er of the Sioux were sent to reservations in Nebraska and South Dakota. Ot her Sioux were forced to those reservations by the army in 1863. Wapasha III died at the Santee Agency Reservation in Nebraska on April 2 3, 1876. He is said to have spent his last years in sorrow, pondering t he dissolution and degeneration of his people.
--
Below is from Mark Diedrich's 2004 book "The Chiefs Wapahasha, Three Gener ations of Dakota Leadership, 1740-1876; http://freepages.genealogy.rootswe b.com/~wapasha/page_hereditary.htm WAPAHASHA I The Leaf (often called) Red Standard or Banner Oubachas (by French-speakers) Sabache b. About 1718, near the head of the Rum River (central Minnesota) c. son (name unknown) killed by the Wahpekute Dakotas son Anpetuwakee (Daylight), son Necohundah (The Bear) - later became Wapahasha II daughter (name unknown), married Antoine Dubois daughter (name unknown), married Amable Grignon - then Francois LaBathe (a ka Michael LaBatt) daughter Marpiyahhotawin (Grey Cloud Woman), married James Aird daughter (name unknown), married Le Fils de Pinichon (mixed blood son of F rench trader Pinichon) daughter (name unknown), married Sunkaska (White Dog) d. January 5, 1806
--
WAPAHASHA II La Feuille (meaning The Leaf - by French-speakers) Necohundah (possible personal name) L'Ours (meaning The Bear or Mato - by Nicholas Boilvin) b. About 1768, maybe as early as 1760 in the Rice Creek village (present M inneapolis) m: first, a Ho-Chunk woman (killed in 1814) second, a sister of the Ho-Chunk chief, Winneshiek c: daughter (name unknown), married L'Arc daughter (name unknown), married Euhahkaakow (Last Man) daughter (Winona - died 11-1-1882), married Marpiyaketahpah niece (Margaret Dubois), married Joseph Rolette (who called Wapahasha "fat her-in-law") son Wapate (or Thomas Wabasha) b. circa 1813 son Tatepsin (Bounding Wind) b. about 1812 stepson Iyawakan d. 1836
--
WAPAHASHA III Tatepsin (Bounding Wind) Tahtapesaah (The Upsetting Wind) b. About 1812, possibly, Upper Iowa River, Wing Prairie, Red Cedar Riv er of Iowa or Mount Trempealeau c. son George, catechist of the Episcopal Church son John son Joseph, catechist of the Episcopal Church son Henry son Napoleon d. April 23, 1876
--
Alternative information from: http://www.rootsweb.com/~mnwabbio/wab8i.ht m. Under this reading, Wapasha I above is the same person as Wapashaw I II below. Name: Wapashaw I (Red Bonnet) Sex: M Birth: ABT 1656 in Mille Lacs County, Minnesota He was the son of Pine-Shooter and Opechanaoanough, born in the Mille La cs area. He married an Ojibwe woman and their son was Wapashaw II (b. abt. 1682). Written information on the earlier hereditary civil Mdewakantan Chie fs of the Wapashaw Dynasty are few, making it extremely difficult to compi le a biography. I am attempting to outline the info available in written f orm here but I am hoping those of you who have oral tradition on the fami ly will help me fill in the gaps and correct any errors in the page. Other names associated with the Wapashaw (Wabasha) name are: Wapasha, Wahp asha, Ouabacas. In 1640, nearly 40 years after the Europeans explored the northern North A merica east and west coasts, Jesuit Relation records this information: Je an Nicolet obtained on his visit (1634) to Green Bay, visiting the Winneba go - a Siouan tribe whose language and culture are more closely relat ed to the Iowa, Oto and Missouri Siouan tribes than the Sioux and document ing a tribe called "Naduesiu" to the west, the Algonquian name for the tri be meaning snakes - the French version of the name becoming Scioux or Siou x. The Winnebago name for their distant relatives, the Sioux, was Cah a. It was probably about this time that the Assiniboine split off from t he Yankton (Nakota) Sioux and migrate north into Cree lands. It appea rs by this time period the Winnebago have been cut off from their distant ly related Siouan tribes of the Iowa, Oto, Missouri and Sioux due no dou bt to the Iroquios wars in the east which forced the Algonquian trib es to migrate west. The Ojibwe into the north western Winnebago lands a nd the Fox/Sauk into the southwestern Winebago lands. In 1660 Radisson and Groseillier visited the Sioux and at this time peri od they were seeking the firearms that their enemy the Cree had already ob tained from the French and were using against them. Radisson later took ab out 50 Sioux on a peace mission to the Cree and at another time visited t he "nation of the beefe " or "Prairie Sioux" to the west. In 1671 the Sio ux drove the Ottawa-Huron refugees from the Mississippi valley. On 2 July 1679, Daniel Greysolon, Sieur du Luth (Duluth) visited the "Sio ux of the Lakes" village on Mille Lacs called Izatys . This was a Santee S ioux or Dakota village. In the Spring of 1680, Michel Accault-Dacan, Antoi ne Dugay- Auguel dit Picard and Father Louis Hennipen were sent by LaSal le up the Mississippi to the Sioux. They were escorted by a Sioux war-par ty to the Izatys village on Mille Lacs. The principle Chief on Mille La cs was documented by Hennipen as Aquipaguitin. In 1695 Pierre LeSueur escorted Mdewakanton Chief Tioscate (Teeo skahta y) to Montreal for council. In 1700 Mdewakanton Chief Wankantape visited P ierre LeSueur on the Blue Earth River which is the southern tributary of t he Minnesota River. Name: Wapashaw II (Snow Mountain) Sex: M Birth: ABT 1682 Father: Wapashaw I (Red Bonnet) b: ABT 1656 in Mille Lacs County, Minnesot a, USA Children Wapasha III Name: Wapasha III (Red Leaf) AKA: Lafeuille, Ouabachas Note: chief of the Mdewankanton (Santee Sioux Tribe) He was the son of Wapashaw II, born abt 1710 in the Cass Lake area. His ch ildren were: Wapashaw IV (b. abt.1773/76), Pelagia (b. abt.1779/81 a nd m. Augustin Ange dit St.Onge-Lefeure), Daughter (b.abt.1776 and m. Pier re Lapointe), Marpiyarotowin or "Grey Cloud" (d.1844 and m. James Aird, ab t.1783), Daughter (b. abt.1775 and m. Joseph La Rocque) and Margaret (m.1 st Antoine Dubois and m.2nd.Joseph Rolette). Wapashaw III was a Mdewakanton Civil-Chief until about 1776. In 1736 Wapas haw III was accused of killing a Frenchman in Illinois Country. In 1737 Fr ench traders were forced out of Sioux lands. In 1740 Wapashaw III met Pa ul Marin on the Rock River with Sinte z. Marin took them to Montreal counc il with Gov. Beauharnois. In the Spring of 1741 Ojibwe and Ottawa attack ed Dakota killing 7 at one location and 11 at another. In September 1741 a bout 200 Cree and Assiniboine attacked "Prairie Sioux." There were at lea st 70 Sioux warriors, as noted by La verndrye. In October of 1741 "Sio ux of the Lakes" Chief "Sacred- Born" visited Paul Marin to arrange a pea ce conference. At this time the Cree/Assiniboine and the Ojibwe/ Ottawa al liances were threatening the Sioux borders on the north and east. As a res ult, Sieur de LaRonde held an Ojibwe/Dakota peace council in 1741 at LaPoi nte. In January 1741 Marin held council with Dakota at the mouth of the Wi sconsin River and in July of 1742 Marin was in Montreal at council. Sacred -Born" and "Leaf-Shooter" represented the Mdewakanton Sioux and spoke of r aids on the "Prairie Sioux" which had killed 160 warriors. A peace was est ablish which seems to have lasted a while. About 1743-46, when word of t he new French war (King George's War) reached Michilimackinac, a gro up of voyageurs deserted the French for the far west, some living among t he Sioux. In 1746 Paul-Louis Dazenard, Sieur Lusignan (command of the Fren ch post at Green Bay) was with the Sioux, attempting to bring the deserti ng voyageur back east. He was unsuccessful but did return with four Dako ta Chief whom he takes to Montreal for a Council. During 1750-54 Paul Marin and his son Joseph re-established trade with t he Dakota. He helped the Dakota and Ojibwe negociate winter hunting ground s, giving the Ojibwe the right to use the Crow Wing Valley for the seas on of 1750- 51 and allowing the Lapointe Ojibwe to hunt to the west of the ir village to Sandy Lake until about 1754. During this period the Sioux co ntrolled the St. Croix and Chippewa Rivers (eastern tributaries of the Mis sissippi ) being the eastern Sioux borders, and the headwaters of the Miss issippi roughly defining their northern borders. In the fall of 1753, Paul was recalled back to the east. Joseph Marin lo st control of his father's formerly held northern trading region to Jose ph Leverendrye, the French commander at Lapointe, who claimed today's nort hern Minnesota for his own benefit . It appears that Leverendrye encourag ed the Sioux northern and eastern neighboring tribes to trespass on Sio ux lands to obtain furs and he seems to have hampered Marin's attemp ts to gain a peaceful alliance between the Sioux and their neighbors. By t he spring of 1754, Marin was lead to believe the Sioux claimed the lands f rom the mouth of the Wisconsin River, north to Leech Lake and most of t he Mississippi tributaries between. He also learned that the Sioux intend ed to put a stop to the Ojibwe use of their lands and it appears as if pea ce had come to an end. In 1754/55 the Sioux were in Montreal for a counci l. At the outbreak of the French and Indian War in 1754, French trade rs in Sioux lands were recalled to the east. About 1756 Wapashaw was in Mo ntreal, offering himself for the murder of an English trader killed by ano ther Dakota. In the spring of 1766, Alexander Henry was with the Ojibwe on Lake Superi or and learned of a battle between about 400 Ojibwe and 600 Sioux. The Oji bwe lost 35 warriors. Jonathan Carver also left Michilimackinac for Sio ux Country. About 1770 the Ojibwe center of trade was moved from Lapoin te to Sandy Lake. In the spring of 1774, Peter Pond was trading with the D akota on the Minnesota River and documents an increase in Ojibwe-Dakota fi ghting. The next spring the two tribes met in council at the mouth of th at river and reached an agreement that each would stay on their side of t he Mississippi. In 1775 de Peyster held a council with the Sioux, sendi ng Wapashaw and other Sioux representatives to Montreal. In 1778 Charles G autier de Verville visited the Mdewakanton on the Upper St.Croix River a nd noted the Wahpetons moving closer to the mouth of the Minnesota Rive r. In 1778 Wapashaw visited Montreal and received a British General 's com mission. In July of 1779 he was at Michilimackinac. In 1779-81 smallpox st ruck the Sioux villages. In the summer of 1780, Wapashaw led his warriors on a attack on St. Lou is for the British. In July 1781, Spanish trader Pierre Dorion return ed to St. Louis with six Sioux Chiefs for a council with Lt. Gov. Cruza t. In 1783 George McBeath was sent by Mackinac commander Capt. Dan'l Rober tson to hold a council at Prairie du Chien when British announced an e nd to the war. He met with the Sioux there in May of that year. Between 17 83 and 1805 they moved their village to near the mouth of the Upper Iowa R iver. 1784 Joseph Calve was sent to hold council at Prairie du Chien by Ro bertson. In July of 1786 Joseph Ainse, representing the British Indi an De partment, held a council at Prairie du Chien where the Sioux were re presented. In July of 1787, Wapashaw's son led Mdewakanton warriors again st Ojibwe, as others were negotiating a peace between the tribes. In 17 88 Jean Bte. Perrault was trading on a tributary of the Wisconsin River, b artering rum for fur with members of Wapashaw's village. Name: Wapashaw IV (Red Leaf) Sex: M Birth: ABT 1770 Death: 1836, Smallpox ALIA: Lefeuille, "One-Eye" Father: Wapasha III (Red Leaf) b: ABT 1710 in Cas Lake Marriage 1 Unknown Children Wabasha V b: ABT 1800 in Winona co, Minnesota, USA In May of 1805, Robert Dickson accompanied Eastern Sioux, including 30 rep resentatives of Upper Mississippi and Des Moine River Sioux, to hold counc il with American General James Wilkinson. In 1815 Wapashaw and Little Cr ow visit the British on Lake Huron. In 1816 he was at British council on D rummond Is. with Little-Crow. In 1817, the civil Chief, sub-Chief Wazzacoo ta, of the Mdewakanton village was at Prairie aux Ailes (Winona, Minnesota ), when the American officer Stephen H. Long arrived. In 1823, Keating, w ho was on S. H. Long's second expedition into the area, met Wapashaw IV ne ar Winona, Minnesota and described him as "...The Chief is about 50 yea rs old, but appears older. His prominent features are good and indicati ve of great acuteness and an observing disposition; his stature is lo w; he has long been one of the most influential of the Dakota Indians, mo re perhaps from his talents in council than his achievements in the field. .." In the summer of 1836, Wapashaw IV died of smallpox. These comments are from a chat with Chris Miller, collector and research er of the Wabasha-Winona area: Chris: I have been trying to verify from my research that Wapasha II start ed the Keoxa camp (Winona), and not Wapasha I or someone before that. T he numbering here is confusing. I think the researcher should rename his f irst few Wabashas and fix the numbers just because it contradicts everyo ne else. Barbara: He calls Wabasha I "Red Bonnet" when I thought that was Wabasha I I, and he calls Wab IV "One-Eye" when I thought that was Wab II, also. Chris: He takes "our" Wabasha III and calls him Wabasha V. He names "ou r" eyepatch Wabasha II as Wabasha IV when the one he is the son of is cert ainly "our" Wabasha I. I've found more contradictions. Claims of Wapasha I II being known for his red hat (never seen a pic with him with one on). Cl aims that Wapasha's Cap which became Sugar Loaf is one of the Afton hil ls near Hastings (nothing to do with Winona). I've seen variations of th is one: Wapasha and another chief (not sure, could have been Red Wing) we re having a dispute at at Red Wing. During it, a wind came and blew his h at away. Wapasha's band went down south a ways and found that the hat a nd come to rest and had turned into a mountain (Sugar Loaf at Winona). Ano ther legend has a dispute among the Dakota, but the result is that a sing le mountain splits into Barn Bluff and Sugar Loaf (the Loaf part drifti ng down river).

---

In December 2006 I wrote the following to Dale Ebersold, webchief@charter. net: Subject: Chief Wapasha a brother to Etoukasahwee? I noticed your interesting website at http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb. com/~wapasha Any help you can give on the following would be useful. According to sever al posted accounts written in 1947 by Sophie Brunson Eddy, "Wabasha, the g reat chief of the Sioux had several sisters, one who married a Canadian Fr enchman [Pierre LaPointe]. Her name was Etoukasahwee." Through Etoukasahwee's daughter, Pelagie LaPointe who married Antoine LaCh apelle, comes the LaChapelle line I am am researching. How reliable is that linkage of Etoukasahwee as the sister of Chief Wabash a? If accurate would that be Wabasha I? Etoukasahwee's parents are listed as Kadawibida [Kadowaubeda] and Obeneges hipequaq. Kadowaubeda (Broken-Tooth or DeBreche), was a long time Ojibwe C hief of the Sandy Lake village whose family belonged to the Ahahwauk (Loo n) totem or clan. Kadowaubeda aka Broken Tooth aka DeBreche (1750-1828) of Sandy Lake, s on of Biauswah II, was at the taking of Michilimackinac. He married Obeneg eshipequag. His sons were Mongozid (Loons Foot), Kahnindumawinjo/Kanandawa winzo and Suqutaugun and daughters Charlotte who married Charles Oakes Erm itinger, Nancy (Keneesequa) born 1793 married 1822/23 Samuel Ashmun a nd a daughter who married Hole in the Day. He was principle spokespers on at Sandy Lake before 1805. The name DeBreche attributed to him is like ly one of his sons as it was used at the signing of treaty in 1837 at Fo rt Snelling after his death. Father: Bajasswa Bi-aus-wah b: 1770 Marriage 1 Obenegeshipequaq Children Chief Mangusid b: 1727 Chief Wabasha Kahnindaumwinjo Kanandawawinzo Suqutaugun Keneesequa Daughter Etoukasahwee Marriage 2 Ombemegeshigoqua Children Charlotte Kalwabide b: ABT 1785 Source: http://wc.rootsweb.com/cgi- bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=ourfamilytree&id =I3 His reply in January 2007 Re: Chief Wapasha a brother to Etoukasahwe e? is as follows: Richard, I finally have been able to get back to my WAPASHA DYNASTY website and al so get caught up with eMail related to it. I have been unable to find any authentic research on the Wapasha lineage e arlier than the Chief Wapasha (b. abt 1718, d. 5 Jan 1806) who is common ly referred to as Wapasha I in southern Minnesota history. Each of the Chi efs Wapasha had personal names and upon becoming Chief assumed the name Wa pasha which was more of a title than name. I have only found one sist er of this Wapasha I who married a Joseph Rocque by the name of LaBl eu as she is referred to in early French trader civil records. Are you related to Dale F. Nelson? (Editor--No). He has a website at http://users.usinternet.com/dfnels/wabasha-zip.htm and appears to have completed research earlier than Wapasha I mentioned ab ove. He actually "renumbers" the Chiefs finding two earlier Wapasha's. T he commonly referred to Wapasha I is his Wapasha III. I had tried several times in the past to contact him to exchange informati on, but never received a reply. The extent of my Wapasha research and/or knowledge is all on the website y ou came across. I do not have access to better research on the Wapasha li ne here in southern Indiana. I have maintained THE WAPASHA DYNASTY websi te to allow others to add to it in hopes of one day piecing it all togethe r. Sorry I could not have been of more help, Dale

---

Father: Kadawibida b: ABT 1710 Mother: Obenegeshipequaq

Marriage 1 Spouse Unknown Children Has No Children Mniokadawin Has Children Daughter of Wapasha I

Index | Descendancy | Register | Pedigree | Ahnentafel | Download GEDCOM | Public Profile | Add Post-em Thanks to Neil Harvey, Guy Parent, Nancy Keizer, Linda Noll, Harry Tatro and others for their recent updates and corrections. My backup genealogy webpages are at http://geneweb.geneanet.org/rnelson and http://www.gencircles.com/users/valyer/1 Printer Friendly Version Printer Friendly Version Search Ancestry Search Ancestry Search WorldConnect Search WorldConnect Join Ancestry.com Today! Join Ancestry.com Today! WorldConnect Home | WorldConnect Global Search | WorldConnect Help RootsWeb.com, Inc. is NOT responsible for the content of the GEDCOMs uploaded through the WorldConnect Program. If you have a problem with a particular entry, please contact the submitter of said entry. You have full control over your GEDCOM. You can change or remove it at any time. RootsWeb is funded and supported by Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community. Learn more.

About Us | Contact Us | Acceptable Use Policy | PRIVACY STATEMENT | Copyright © 2014 Ancestry.com