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About Walter Raleigh, III
- Elizabeth THROCKMORTON
- Born: 16 Apr 1565
- Died: 1618
- Notes: Bess was nineteen when she first appeared at Court. She was the daughter of Sir Nicholas Trhockmorton, Queen Elizabeth's first Ambassador to Paris, and her brother was also a courtier. Both their parents were dead and they relied on the Court for their livelihood. Bess was intelligent, forthright, passionate and courageous. Though Raleigh was in his early forties, the two fell madly in love. In the summer of 1591, Bess discovered she was pregnant and they secretly married. They were together, but catastrophe loomed. Raleigh's young wife, however, could no longer keep her pregnancy secret. Bess gave birth to a baby boy who was quickly put out to a wet nurse so she could resume her place as Lady-in-Waiting. When Sir Walter returned from the sea, he arranged for the baby and nurse to go to Durham House. However, on 31st May 1592, his marriage was discovered. The Queen had not granted permission for such a match and Raleigh was promptly arrested. Elizabeth expected Walter and Bess to sue for a pardon and, while their fate lay in the balance, she even confirmed the lease of Sherborne.
- However, the couple refused such a humiliating course of action and by 7 Aug, that same year, the Queen's favourite had fallen into five long years of disgrace. The couple's first child must have died, but Bess was soon pregnant again and their son, 'Wat, was born in 1593'.
- Said to have carried the shriveled head of her husband in a red leather bag until the end of her days.
- Father: Nicholas THROCKMORTON (Sir)
- Mother: Anne CAREW
- Married: Walter RALEIGH (Sir)
- Children:
- '1. Walter RALEIGH
- 2. Carew RALEIGH
- http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/THROCKMORTON1.htm#Elizabeth THROCKMORTON1
- ______________
- Sir Walter Raleigh (c. 1554 – 29 October 1618) was an English aristocrat, writer, poet, soldier, courtier, spy, and explorer. He is also well known for popularising tobacco in England.
- Raleigh was born to a Protestant family in Devon, the son of Walter Raleigh and Catherine Champernowne. Little is known for certain of his early life, though he spent some time in Ireland, in Killua Castle, Clonmellon, County Westmeath, taking part in the suppression of rebellions and participating in the Siege of Smerwick. Later he became a landlord of properties confiscated from the Irish rebels. He rose rapidly in Queen Elizabeth I's favour, and was knighted in 1585. He was involved in the early English colonisation of Virginia under a royal patent. In 1591 he secretly married Elizabeth Throckmorton, one of the Queen's ladies-in-waiting, without the Queen's permission, for which he and his wife were sent to the Tower of London. After his release, they retired to his estate at Sherborne, Dorset. . . . . .
- 1590-1603 . . . . .
- It would be several years before Raleigh returned to favour. The couple remained devoted to each other. During Raleigh's absences, Bess proved a capable manager of the family's fortunes and reputation. They had two more sons, 'Walter (known as Wat)' and Carew.
- Notes
- 1.^ Many alternate spellings of his surname exist, including Rawley, Ralegh, Ralagh and Rawleigh. "Raleigh" appears most commonly today, though he, himself, used that spelling only once, as far as is known. His most consistent preference was for "Ralegh". His full name is /ˈwɔːltər ˈrɔːli/, though, in practice, /ˈræli/, ral-ee or even /ˈrɑːli/, rah-lee are the usual modern pronunciations in England.
- 2.^ a b c Nicholls, Mark; Williams, Penry (September 2004). "Ralegh, Sir Walter (1554–1618)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/23039?docPos=1. Retrieved 20 May 2008. Subscription or UK public library membership required
- 3.^ Hayes Barton, Woodbury Common.
- 4.^ Ronald, p. 249.
- 5.^ Edward Edwards, The Life of Sir Walter Ralegh. Volume I (London: Macmillan, 1868), p. 26.
- 6.^ Edwards, p. 33.
- 7.^ Markham, Jerry W. (2001). A Financial History of the United States. Armonk, N.Y: M.E. Sharpe. pp. 22. ISBN 0-7656-0730-1.
- 8.^ Fragmenta Regalia
- 9.^ Fuller's Worthies
- 10.^ a b J. K. Laughton and Sidney Lee, Ralegh, Sir Walter (1552?–1618), military and naval commander and author, 1896
- 11.^ UK CPI inflation numbers based on data available from Lawrence H. Officer (2010) "What Were the UK Earnings and Prices Then?" MeasuringWorth.
- 12.^ Archaeologia, p. 151
- 13.^ Sir Walter Raleigh. The Discovery of Guiana Project Gutenberg.
- 14.^ "Walter Raleigh - Delusions of Guiana" at The Lost World: Travel and information on the Gran Sabana, Canaima National Park, Venezuela web page. Retrieved 5 July 2008.
- 15.^ Raleigh, Walter. "The Historie of the World". http://copac.ac.uk/search?&au=w+raleigh&ti=historie+world&sort-orde.... Retrieved 19 November 2009.
- 16.^ Raleigh Trevelyan, Sir Walter Raleigh, (New York: Henry Holt & Co, 2003), p. 552.
- 17.^ http://www.tobacco.org/resources/history/Tobacco_History17.html
- 18.^ Williams, Norman Lloyd. "Sir Walter Raleigh", Cassell Biographies, 1962)
- 19.^ Durant, Will, The Story of Civilization, vol. VII, Chap. VI, p.158
- 20.^ Lloyd, J & Mitchinson, J: "The Book of General I.
- 21.^ Historical summary, Crawford v. Washington (page 10 of .pdf file)
- References
- Adamson, J.H. and Folland, H. F. Shepherd of the Ocean, 1969
- Dwyer, Jack Dorset Pioneers The History Press, 2009. ISBN 978-0-7524-5346-0
- Edwards, Edward The Life of Sir Walter Ralegh. Volume I (London: Macmillan, 1868).
- Fuller, Thomas Anglorum Speculum or the Worthies of England, 1684
- Lewis, C. S. English Literature in the Sixteenth Century Excluding Drama, 1954
- Naunton, Robert Fragmenta Regali 1694, reprinted 1824.
- Nicholls, Mark and Williams, Penry. ‘Ralegh, Sir Walter (1554–1618)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004. The first edition of this text is available as an article on Wikisource: "Ralegh, Walter (1552?-1618)". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
- Ronald, Susan The Pirate Queen: Queen Elizabeth I, her Pirate Adventurers, and the Dawn of Empire Harper Collins Publishers, New York, 2007. ISBN 0-06-082066-7
- Stebbing, William: Sir Walter Ralegh. Oxford, 1899 Project Gutenberg eText
- Trevelyan, Raleigh Sir Walter Raleigh, 2002, ISBN 978-0713993264
- The Sir Walter Raleigh Collection in Wilson Library at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- External links
- [http://www.poetsgraves.co.uk/raleigh.htm Sir
- Biography of Sir Walter Raleigh at Britannia.com
- Sir Walter Raleigh at the Fort Raleigh website
- Quotes attributed to Sir Walter Raleigh
- Story of Raleigh's last years and his beheading
- Poetry by Sir Walter Raleigh, plus commentary
- Searching for the Lost Colony Blog
- Robert Viking O'Brien & Stephen Kent O'Brien, Discovery of Guiana essay, *Yearbook of Comparative and General Literature
- Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1848). Life of Sir Walter Raleigh, Founded on Authentic and Original Documents. London: T. Nelson and Sons (published 1853). *http://books.google.com/?id=o8QEAAAAYAAJ. Retrieved 17 August 2008
- _________
- Elizabeth, Lady Raleigh (16 April 1565 – c. 1647), née Throckmorton, was Sir Walter Raleigh's wife, and a Lady of the Privy Chamber to Queen Elizabeth I of England. Their secret marriage precipitated a long period of royal disfavour for Raleigh.
- Biography
- Elizabeth was the daughter of the diplomat Sir Nicholas Throckmorton and Anne Carew. She and her brother Arthur were courtiers to Elizabeth I, and Elizabeth is said to have been intelligent, forthright, passionate and courageous. In due course she and Raleigh, at least twelve years her senior, fell in love. Her pregnancy in the summer of 1591 led to their secret marriage; she gave birth to a baby boy named Damerei, after Sir Walter's claimed ancestors, and immediately returned to court. The child died aged six months old in October 1591 of plague.
- . . . The couple remained devoted to each other, however. Their son 'Walter was born in 1593'. They also had a son named Carew (which was both Elizabeth's mother's maiden name and the name of one of Walter's brothers) whose birthdate is unclear.
- References
- My Just Desire : The Life of Bess Raleigh, Wife to Sir Walter (ISBN 0-345-45290-9), by Anna Beer
- Raleigh biography at U.S. National Park Service
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Raleigh
- ___________
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Walter Raleigh, III's Timeline
| 1593 |
October 1593
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Hayes Barton, Devon, England, UK
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November 1, 1593
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London, United Kingdom
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| 1616 |
1616
Age 22
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Guyana
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