Yang Berhormat Dato' Sayyid Alwi Thahir al-Haddad, SPMJ

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Alwi bin Thahir al-Haddad (Arabic: علوي بن طاهر الحداد, romanized: ʻAlwī bin Ṭāhir al-Ḥaddād, Arabic pronunciation: [%CA%95lwie%CB%90 bin tˤ:hir al-ħɐddɐd]; 14 Shawwal 1301 AH – 1382H or August 6, 1884 CE – November 14, 1962 CE) was an Islamic scholar known as the Mufti of Johor in twentieth century and also the co-founder of Jamiat Kheir and Al-Rabithah al-Alawiyyah foundations in Batavia during colonial Dutch East Indies.

History
ʻAlwī bin Ṭāhir al-Ḥaddād was born in Qaydun, Hadhramaut, Yemen on August 7, 1884 CE ( 14 Shawwal 1301 AH). His surname al-Ḥaddād is one of the family names in Ba'Alawi sadah. The first Ba'Alawi to acquire the name al-Haddad (The Ironsmith) was Sayyid Ahmad, son of Abu Bakr. This sayyid, who lived in the ninth century of the Hijra (15th century in Gregorian calendar) was an 'alim who used to spend much of his time sitting at an ironsmith's shop in Tarim. There was another Sayyid with the name Ahmad which was well known at the time. To distinguish between Sayyid Ahmad bin Abubakar and the other Ahmad, people started adding al-Haddad to Sayyid Ahmad bin Abubakr. Since then his descendants continued to use surname al-Haddad.[1]

The family lineage of ʻAlwi bin Ṭāhir is as follows: ʻAlwi bin Ṭāhir bin ʻAbdullah bin Taha ʻAbdullah bin Omar bin ʻAbdullah bin ʻAlwi bin Muhammad bin ʻAlwi bin Ahmad bin Abi Bakr Abu Thahir. Thahir is a Sayyid of Ba'Alawi sadah with his family lineage traces back to Ali ibn Abi Talib and Fatimah.[2] He had sons who later moved to the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula, among them were Thahir and Hamid.

ʻAlwī bin Ṭāhir al-Ḥaddād died on November 14, 1962, and was buried at the Mahmoodiah Royal Mausoleum in Johor Bahru.

Education
ʻAlwi had childhood dream of becoming scholar. This was supported by the intelligence and determination in his studies. He liked to approach many Islamic scholars during his youth time. Some of his teachers in Hadhramaut were Habib Ahmad bin al-Hasan al-Attas al-Alawi, Habib Thahir bin Umar al-Haddad, Habib Muhammad bin Thahir al-Haddad, al-Mu’ammar Sirajuddin Umar bin Othman bin Muhammad Ba-Othman al-'Amudi al-Shiddiqi al-Bakri. He studied Hadiths from Sayyid 'Abdur Rahman bin Sulaiman al-Ahdal. He also studied to his relatives, such as his uncle Habib Abdullah bin Tāha al-Ḥaddād, and also to Habib Ṭāhir bin Abi Bakri al-Ḥaddād.[2]

ʻAlwi finished reading the Ihya Ulum ad-Din (The Revival of Religious Sciences) of Imam al-Ghazali while he was still 12 years old. In the age of 17 years he had started teaching, and started teaching from serious and high caliber textbooks when he was just only 20 years old. The areas of his teachings including Tafsir, Hadith, Fiqh, Usul al-fiqh, History, Astronomy, Nahwu, Sharaf, Balaghah (Arabic Rhetoric), Philosophy and Tasawwuf.

Habib ʻAlwi is also known as the scholar in the history of Alawiyyin.[2]

Career
During his life, ʻAlwi traveled to various places away from his hometown, such as to Somalia, Kenya, Mecca, Dutch East Indies, Malaysia and others. In countries he stopped by, he always spent time to preach and teach. In Batavia, Habib ʻAlwi taught at Madrasah Jamiat Kheir. In fact, he was also the co-founder as well as the first vice principal of the school.

In addition, he also taught in Bogor and other places in Java. Everytime he taught, it was always crowded. Some of popular figures learned from him were Sayyid ʻAlwi bin Sheikh Bilfaqih al-Alawi, Sayyid ʻAlwi bin Abbas al-Maliki, Sayyid Salim bin Ali al-Jindan, Sayyid Abu Bakar al-Habshi, Sayyid Muhammad bin Ahmad al-Haddad, Sayyid Abdullah bin Abdul Qadir Bilfaqih, Sayyid Husein bin Abdullah bin Husein al-Attas, Sayyid Hasan Muhammad al-Masyath al-Makki and Abdullah bin Nuh.

The Sultanate of Johor Bahru in Malaysia chose him to serve as mufti from 1934 to 1941, first as the third mufti of the Johor government to replace the preceding Mufti of Johor, Datuk Sayyid Abdul Qadir bin Mohsen al-Attas.[2] and from 1947 to 1961 to replace the fifth mufti, Tan Sri Dato' Haji Hassan Yunus. During his position as Mufti, ʻAlwi issued 12000 fatwas.[3] He also wrote several books, among them are:

Al-Qaul al-Fashl fi Maa li Bani Hashim wa Quraisy wal-Arab Min al-Fadhl (two volumes)
Masalah Durus al-Sirah al-Nabawiyah (two volumes)
Mukhtashar Aqd al-Aali of Idrus bin Umar al-Habshi
I’anah an-Nahidh fi Ilm al-Faraidh
Majmuah min Ulum al-Falaq (2 volumes)
Ath-Thabaqat al-Alawiyyah
Sejarah masuknya Islam di Timur Jauh (The history of Islam in the Far East)[4]
References

"Imam Abdallah ibn Alawi al-Haddad". Notes on Islam. April 30, 2012. Retrieved September 18, 2014.

Ahmad, Habib (April 6, 2010). "Habib Alwi bin Thahir Al-Haddad, Penulis Hebat, Sejarawan dan Mufti Johor" (in Indonesian). Retrieved August 24, 2014.

"Al-Habib Alwi bin Thahir bin Abdullah Al-Haddad (Mufti Johor)". 11 May 2007. Retrieved August 25, 2014.

bin Thahir Al-Haddad, Alwi (1997). Sejarah masuknya Islam di Timur Jauh (in Indonesian). Sayid Muhammad Dhiya' Shahab. Lentera Basritama. ISBN 978-9-798880087.

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Al-Habib Alwi bin Thahir bin Abdullah Al-Haddad (Mufti Johor)
Beliau adalah Al-‘Alamah Sayid Alwi bin Thahir bin Abdullah Al-Haddad, seorang penulis yang hebat dan sejarawan yang suka meneliti. Jika berbicara tentang suatu persoalan, beliau memaparkan segala seginya dan menguatkannya dengan dalil-dalil aqli dan naqli. Beliau seorang yang memiliki ghirah (kecemburuan) terhadap Islam dan menjadi pembelanya. Di samping itu, beliau juga pembela keluarga Rasulullah s.a.w. aktif berhubungan dengan para ahli ilmu di berbagai tempat di seluruh dunia Islam, dan selalu menghindari pertentangan-pertentangan mazhab.

Sayid Alwi bin Thahir Al-Haddad dilahirkan di negeri Qaidun, Hadhramaut. Beliau memperoleh ilmu-ilmunya di sana dengan didukung oleh kecerdasan dan keteguhannya dalam menuntut ilmu, dan selalu menyertai ulama-ulama besar sehingga dapat mencapai puncak keilmuannya dan menghimpunkan berbagai ilmu naqli dan aqli yang membuatnya melebihi rakan-rakannya, bahkan beliau mampu melakukan istinbath dan ijtihad yang cermat dan tidak dapat dicapai oleh sebagian orang.

Beliau juga memiliki karangan-karangan yang banyak dan kajian-kajian di berbagai suratkhabar dalam bermacam-macam persoalan kemasyarakatan, politik, aqidah, sejarah dan fatwa yang mencapai 13000 masalah. Beliau juga sering berpidato dan memberikan ceramah pada pertemuan-pertemuan umum.

Ceramah yang disampaikannyadi depan Jong Islamieten Bond (Perkumpulan Pemuda Muslimin) telah diterbitkan dalam dua bahasa: Indonesia dan Arab. Pemimpin Sarekat Islam yang terkenal, Haji Oemar Said Cokroaminoto sering berhubunngan dengannya. Ketika dia sedang mengarang buku tentang sejarah Nabi dalam bahasa Indonesia , dia menunjukkan kepada Sayid Alwi yang kemudian memeriksanya dan memberikan kata pengantar untuk buku itu. Pertama kali buku itu dapat diterbitkan atas biaya seorang dermawan dan kemudian buku itu dapat diterbitkan untuk yang kedua kalinya.

Sayid Alwi bin Thahir termasuk salah seorang pendiri ar-Rabithah al-Alawiyyah di Indonesia . Belakangan Kesultanan Johor di Malaysia memilihnya untuk menjabat sebagai mufti di sana . Beliau mula menjawat jawatan mufti Kerajaan Johor dari tahun 1934 hingga tahun 1961, perlantikan beliau adalah sebagai menggantikan Allahyarham Dato’ Sayid Abdul Qader bin Mohsen Al-Attas yang telah bersara dari jawatan kerajaan. Beliau wafat pada 14 November 1962 (1382 H) dan dikebumikan di Tanah Perkuburan Mahmoodiah Johor Bahru. Beliau mempunyai keturunan yang kemudian pindah ke Jazirah Arab bagian selatan, di antaranya adalah putranya Al-‘Alamah Sayid Thahir dan Sayid Hamid.

Sayid Alwi memiliki karangan-karangan yang banyak yang akan kami sebutkan berikut ini agar dapat diketahui betapa luas pengetahuannya. Beberapa diantara karangannya adalah:

Al-Qaul al-Fashl fi Maa li Bani Hashim wa Quraisy wal-Arab Min al-Fadhl (dua jilid)

Fatwa-fatwanya yang mencapai 12000

masalah Durus as-Sirah an-Nabawiyah dalam dua jilid kecil

Kitab tentang hukum-hukum nikah dan qadha dalam bahasa Melayu, diterbitkan dalam dua jilid

Mukhtashar Aqd al-Aali karangan Sayid Idrus bin Umar al-Habsyi

I’anah an-Nahidh fi Ilm al-Faraidh

Majmuah min Ulum al-Falak dalam jilid besar

Ath-Thabaqat al-Alawiyyah

dipetik dari : Sejarah Masuknya Islam di Timur Jauh oleh Al-Habib Alwi bin Thahir Al-Haddad