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Americas Immigration

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Colonial Port Settlements in the Americas

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Spanish Empire

Viceroyalty of New Spain (1535 - 1821)

New Kingdom of Granada (16th c. - 1739)

Viceroyalty of Peru (1542 - 1824)

Portuguese Empire

Brazil

Dutch Empire

New Netherland (1609-1674)

New Holland (1630-1654)

Dutch Guiana (1616-1975)

Swedish Colonial Empire

New Sweden (1638-1655, currently Delaware)

  • Fort Christina (1638, currently Wilmington)
  • Incorporated into New Netherland in 1655

French Colonial Empire

New France (1534-1763)

Equinoctial France (1612 - present)

  • French Guiana: Cayenne (1643 - present), Sinnamary (1664 - present)

British Empire

The Thirteen Colonies (1607-1776)

  • Virginia: Jamestown (1607)
  • New England (colonies of Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Providence, New Hampshire) : Plymouth (1620), Boston (1630)
  • Maryland (1632), Carolina (North and South, 1663 - Charleston, 1670), New Jersey (1664, seized from the Dutch), New York (1674, seized from the Dutch, New York), Pennsylvania (1681 - Port of Philadelphia, 1701), Georgia (1733)

British Canada

British West Indies

  • Bermuda: St George's (1612)
  • Barbados: Bridgetown (1628)
  • Jamaica (seized from Spain in 1655): Kingston (1692, after Puerto Real/Port Royal was destroyed); Black River History (We are not sure how much of a town existed at the mouth of what was called the Rio Caobana (Mahogany River, changed by the British to Black River) during the time of Spanish settlement. In this period of Black River history, the Spanish in the area mainly occupied the Pedro Plains adjoining the Black River basin. There they established large cattle ranches called hatos. Soon after the English captured the island in 1655, they took possession of the Spanish ranches on the Pedro Plains, and began to populate the Black River basin. The town established at the mouth of the river was called Gravesend, as the swampy conditions and the attendant mosquitoes gave rise to malaria and cholera, which caused new arrivals to die in droves. These days, we try to treat our tourists better! It is believed that the town was established before 1671, and the name changed to Black River before 1785.); History of Black River (Black River, St. Elizabeth, was established sometime around 1671. Situated at the mouth of the Black River, where it flows into the sea, the town played an important role in the slave trade, sugar and logwood industry throughout the seventeenth, eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It was a thriving town, second only to Kingston, where local farmers transported their sugar, logwood that was used to make dyes, and pimento to for trade or export. West African slaves were auctioned at Farquharson Wharf.)
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